我们在尝试将 /dev/sda 上的数据清零时遇到错误，请参阅下面的引文，是否有任何可能导致此问题的原因或任何有关如何解决此问题的提示？磁盘运行正常，但之前的用户说他会在我们拿到磁盘之前“擦除”磁盘。
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda count=8 seek=88
dd: writing to '/dev/sda': Input/output error
1+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes copied, 0,0852315 s, 0,0 kB/s
dmesg 中也有很多错误
[192887.450214] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[192887.450221] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[192887.450225] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 Add. Sense: No additional sense information
[192887.450229] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00
[192887.450233] print_req_error: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0 flags 0
[192887.450241] Buffer I/O error on dev sda, logical block 0, async page read
[192887.538495] Buffer I/O error on dev sda, logical block 3, async page read
[192887.706256] sda: unable to read partition table
smartctl 的结果：smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-5.0.0-37-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: Samsung SSD 860 EVO 500GB
Serial Number: S3Z2NB0K367444P
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e4024572a
Firmware Version: RVT01B6Q
User Capacity: 500 107 862 016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Dec 11 15:46:19 2019 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 10409
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 95
177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 097 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 33
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 074 057 000 Old_age Always - 26
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
235 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 36
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 33644485815
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-5.0.0-37-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: Samsung SSD 860 EVO 500GB
Serial Number: S3Z2NB0K367444P
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e4024572a
Firmware Version: RVT01B6Q
User Capacity: 500 107 862 016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Dec 11 15:46:19 2019 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 10409
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 95
177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 097 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 33
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 074 057 000 Old_age Always - 26
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
235 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 36
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 33644485815
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-5.0.0-37-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: Samsung SSD 860 EVO 500GB
Serial Number: S3Z2NB0K367444P
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e4024572a
Firmware Version: RVT01B6Q
User Capacity: 500 107 862 016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Dec 11 15:46:19 2019 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 10409
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 95
177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 097 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 33
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 074 057 000 Old_age Always - 26
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
235 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 36
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 33644485815
答案1
尝试将计数和寻道开关放到 dd 命令中，并将“bs=4M”添加到行中，它会立即出错或一直运行直到设备完全被覆盖。