编辑：请注意与许多其他类似问题不同，当消息为通过 smtp 接收. 问题只在于当它通过
我正在运行 Postfix 3.1.1，我刚刚发现 Postfix 无法传递通过mail服务器上的命令发送的任何本地消息，但通过 smtpd 可以正常工作。
如果消息通过 smtp 到达，则以下是日志记录：
2020-02-02 23:06:34.048389+1000 0x72d3b Info 25056 smtpd: 0BB1614AB18E: client=office.sendingdomain.com.au[203.2.2.2]
2020-02-02 23:06:34.066985+1000 0x72ee4 Info 25072 cleanup: 0BB1614AB18E: message-id=<[email protected]>
2020-02-02 23:06:34.068755+1000 0x722f6 Info 24886 qmgr: 0BB1614AB18E: from=<[email protected]>, size=889, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
2020-02-02 23:06:34.084680+1000 0x72d3b Info 25056 smtpd: disconnect from office.sendingdomain.com.au[203.2.2.2] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=7
2020-02-02 23:06:36.482250+1000 0x72f12 Info 25079 smtpd: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
2020-02-02 23:06:36.489399+1000 0x72f12 Info 25079 smtpd: 774C714AB19C: client=localhost[127.0.0.1]
2020-02-02 23:06:36.492067+1000 0x72ee4 Info 25072 cleanup: 774C714AB19C: message-id=<[email protected]>
2020-02-02 23:06:36.493066+1000 0x72f12 Info 25079 smtpd: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] ehlo=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=5
2020-02-02 23:06:36.493595+1000 0x722f6 Info 24886 qmgr: 774C714AB19C: from=<[email protected]>, size=1585, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
2020-02-02 23:06:36.531628+1000 0x72ee7 Info 25073 smtp: 0BB1614AB18E: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=2.9, delays=0.45/0.09/0.04/2.3, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 from MTA(smtp:[127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 774C714AB19C)
如果我以 root 身份登录，从邮件服务器上的命令行执行操作，则会出现下面的日志记录：mail [email protected]
2020-02-02 23:08:56.102815+1000 0x732a3 Info 0x0 25116 cleanup: 118E214AB263: message-id=<[email protected]>
2020-02-02 23:08:56.103991+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 118E214AB263: from=<[email protected]>, size=338, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.155341+1000 0x72d3b Info 0x0 25056 smtpd: connect from home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]
2020-02-02 23:08:56.156441+1000 0x732a7 Default 0x0 25118 smtp: warning: host home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25 greeted me with my own hostname home.mydomain.com
2020-02-02 23:08:56.157154+1000 0x732a7 Default 0x0 25118 smtp: warning: host home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25 replied to HELO/EHLO with my own hostname home.mydomain.com
2020-02-02 23:08:56.186791+1000 0x732a7 Info 0x0 25118 smtp: 118E214AB263: to=<[email protected]>, relay=home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25, delay=0.76, delays=0.7/0.03/0.02/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for mydomain.com loops back to myself)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.187402+1000 0x72d3b Info 0x0 25056 smtpd: disconnect from home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201] ehlo=1 quit=1 commands=2
2020-02-02 23:08:56.189190+1000 0x732a3 Info 0x0 25116 cleanup: 2DF3614AB265: message-id=<[email protected]>
2020-02-02 23:08:56.190087+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 2DF3614AB265: from=<>, size=2383, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.190987+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 118E214AB263: removed
2020-02-02 23:08:56.221747+1000 0x732a3 Info 0x0 25116 cleanup: 35E4B14AB266: message-id=<[email protected]>
2020-02-02 23:08:56.222627+1000 0x732b0 Info 0x0 25120 local: 2DF3614AB265: to=<[email protected]>, relay=local, delay=0.03, delays=0/0.03/0/0, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (forwarded as 35E4B14AB266)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.222654+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 35E4B14AB266: from=<>, size=2533, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.223659+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 2DF3614AB265: removed
2020-02-02 23:08:56.237912+1000 0x72d3b Info 0x0 25056 smtpd: connect from home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]
2020-02-02 23:08:56.238780+1000 0x732a7 Default 0x0 25118 smtp: warning: host home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25 greeted me with my own hostname home.mydomain.com
2020-02-02 23:08:56.239572+1000 0x732a7 Default 0x0 25118 smtp: warning: host home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25 replied to HELO/EHLO with my own hostname home.mydomain.com
2020-02-02 23:08:56.240770+1000 0x732a7 Info 0x0 25118 smtp: 35E4B14AB266: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201]:25, delay=0.02, delays=0/0/0.02/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for mydomain.com loops back to myself)
2020-02-02 23:08:56.241401+1000 0x72d3b Info 0x0 25056 smtpd: disconnect from home.mydomain.com[10.0.5.201] ehlo=1 quit=1 commands=2
2020-02-02 23:08:56.242120+1000 0x732a1 Info 0x0 25115 qmgr: 35E4B14AB266: removed
该服务器的唯一 IP 地址是 10.0.5.201，因此我不明白它为什么要打开到自身的 SMTP 连接。当我查询 DNS 时，一切都正确解析为该 IP：
这是 DNS 解析配置
# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search home.mydomain.com mydomain.com
nameserver 10.0.5.1
以下是针对该名称服务器的 MX 主机的查询：
# host -t mx mydomain.com 10.0.5.1
Using domain server:
Name: 10.0.5.1
Address: 10.0.5.1#53
Aliases:
mydomain.com mail is handled by 50 internet.mydomain.com.
mydomain.com mail is handled by 10 home.mydomain.com.
最后，这是对该主机的 A 记录的查询。
# host home.mydomain.com 10.0.5.1
Using domain server:
Name: 10.0.5.1
Address: 10.0.5.1#53
Aliases:
home.mydomain.com has address 10.0.5.201
因此，DNS对我来说看起来非常干净。
由于问题仅在使用命令时发生mail，那么问题是否出在 master.cf 的某个地方？
smtp inet n - n - 1 postscreen
smtpd pass - - n - - smtpd
dnsblog unix - - n - 0 dnsblog
tlsproxy unix - - n - 0 tlsproxy
submission inet n - n - - smtpd
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_enforce_tls=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o content_filter=
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
smtp unix - - n - - smtp
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
pickup fifo n - n 60 1 pickup
-o content_filter=smtp-amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024
cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce
defer unix - - n - 0 bounce
trace unix - - n - 0 bounce
verify unix - - n - 1 verify
sacl-cache unix - - n - 1 sacl-cache
flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
# When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops
relay unix - - n - - smtp
-o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - n - - showq
error unix - - n - - error
retry unix - - n - - error
discard unix - - n - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp
anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil
scache unix - - n - 1 scache
dovecot unix - n n - 25 pipe
flags=DRhu user=_dovecot:mail argv=/Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/libexec/dovecot/dovecot-lda -d ${user}
policy unix - n n - - spawn
user=nobody:mail argv=/usr/bin/perl /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/libexec/postfix/greylist.pl
smtp-amavis unix - - y - 2 smtp
-o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
-o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes
-o disable_dns_lookups=yes
-o max_use=20
127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - y - - smtpd
-o content_filter=
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=none
-o smtpd_delay_reject=no
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_data_restrictions=reject_unauth_pipelining
-o smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions=
-o smtpd_restriction_classes=
-o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
-o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
-o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
-o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
-o smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=0
-o smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit=0
-o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks,no_milters
-o local_header_rewrite_clients=
-o smtpd_milters=
-o local_recipient_maps=
-o relay_recipient_maps=
输出如下postconf -n：
alias_maps = hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/aliases hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Data/listserver/aliases/list_server_aliases
biff = no
command_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/sbin
compatibility_level = 2
config_directory = /Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix
content_filter = smtp-amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024
daemon_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /Library/Server/Mail/Data/mta
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
disable_vrfy_command = yes
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
enable_server_options = yes
header_checks = pcre:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/custom_header_checks
html_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/share/doc/postfix/html
imap_submit_cred_file = /Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/submit.cred
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
mail_owner = _postfix
mailbox_size_limit = 0
mailbox_transport = dovecot
mailq_path = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/bin/mailq
manpage_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/share/man
message_size_limit = 31457280
mydestination = home.mydomain.com, localhost
mydomain = home.mydomain.com
mydomain_fallback = localhost
myhostname = home.mydomain.com
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 10.0.5.1/32, 10.0.5.31/32, [::1]/128
newaliases_path = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/bin/newaliases
proxy_interfaces = 124.148.20.193
queue_directory = /Library/Server/Mail/Data/spool
readme_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/share/doc/postfix
recipient_canonical_maps = hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/system_user_maps
recipient_delimiter = +
relayhost =
sample_directory = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/share/doc/postfix/examples
sendmail_path = /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/sbin/sendmail
setgid_group = _postdrop
smtp_tls_CAfile = /Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/ca-certificates.pem
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit
smtpd_enforce_tls = no
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_pw_server_security_options = cram-md5,digest-md5,gssapi,login,plain
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated reject_non_fqdn_recipient check_recipient_access hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/access permit_mynetworks reject_unauth_destination reject_non_fqdn_sender check_sender_access hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/sender_access check_sender_access regexp:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/regexp_sender reject_non_fqdn_hostname reject_invalid_helo_hostname check_helo_access regexp:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/helo_access reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net permit
smtpd_require_virtual_map = yes
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/certificates/home.mydomain.com.A892E14870AED314279463AACA7B5424BDA1C1D0.chain.pem
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/certificates/home.mydomain.com.A892E14870AED314279463AACA7B5424BDA1C1D0.cert.pem
smtpd_tls_ciphers = medium
smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = SSLv2, 3DES, aNULL, ADH, eNULL, EXPORT
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/certificates/home.mydomain.com.A892E14870AED314279463AACA7B5424BDA1C1D0.key.pem
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtpd_use_pw_server = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
soft_bounce = yes
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
use_sacl_cache = yes
virtual_alias_domains = $virtual_alias_maps hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/virtual_domains
virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/virtual regexp:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/regexp_virtual hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Config/postfix/virtual_users hash:/Library/Server/Mail/Data/listserver/aliases/list_server_virtual
mydomain.com 在 virtual_domains 中定义：
mydomain.com allow
[电子邮件保护]在virtual_users中定义：
[email protected] jay
为什么 postfix 没有意识到通过此方式丢弃的消息mail是为了本地传送，并且没有像通过 smtp 接收消息时那样将其交给 dovecot？