我按照其网站上的安装指南在 Centos 8 上安装了 ClamAV。
我已经运行了 freshclam 并且运行正常，但如果我尝试进行扫描，则会收到以下错误：
clamdscan /home
ERROR: Could not connect to clamd on LocalSocket /tmp/clamd.socket: No such file or directory
----------- SCAN SUMMARY -----------
Infected files: 0
Total errors: 1
Time: 0.000 sec (0 m 0 s)
我尝试过按照网上的许多建议针对不同的 LocalSocket 文件进行操作，但它们都产生了相同或更糟糕的结果。
这是我的配置文件
##
## Example config file for the Clam AV daemon
## Please read the clamd.conf(5) manual before editing this file.
##
# Uncomment this option to enable logging.
# LogFile must be writable for the user running daemon.
# A full path is required.
# Default: disabled
LogFile /tmp/clamd.log
# By default the log file is locked for writing - the lock protects against
# running clamd multiple times (if want to run another clamd, please
# copy the configuration file, change the LogFile variable, and run
# the daemon with --config-file option).
# This option disables log file locking.
# Default: no
#LogFileUnlock yes
# Maximum size of the log file.
# Value of 0 disables the limit.
# You may use 'M' or 'm' for megabytes (1M = 1m = 1048576 bytes)
# and 'K' or 'k' for kilobytes (1K = 1k = 1024 bytes). To specify the size
# in bytes just don't use modifiers. If LogFileMaxSize is enabled, log
# rotation (the LogRotate option) will always be enabled.
# Default: 1M
LogFileMaxSize 10M
# Log time with each message.
# Default: no
LogTime yes
# Also log clean files. Useful in debugging but drastically increases the
# log size.
# Default: no
#LogClean yes
# Use system logger (can work together with LogFile).
# Default: no
#LogSyslog yes
# Specify the type of syslog messages - please refer to 'man syslog'
# for facility names.
# Default: LOG_LOCAL6
#LogFacility LOG_MAIL
# Enable verbose logging.
# Default: no
LogVerbose yes
# Enable log rotation. Always enabled when LogFileMaxSize is enabled.
# Default: no
#LogRotate yes
# Enable Prelude output.
# Default: no
#PreludeEnable yes
#
# Set the name of the analyzer used by prelude-admin.
# Default: ClamAV
#PreludeAnalyzerName ClamAV
# Log additional information about the infected file, such as its
# size and hash, together with the virus name.
#ExtendedDetectionInfo yes
# This option allows you to save a process identifier of the listening
# daemon (main thread).
# Default: disabled
#PidFile /var/run/clamd.pid
# Optional path to the global temporary directory.
# Default: system specific (usually /tmp or /var/tmp).
#TemporaryDirectory /var/tmp
# Path to the database directory.
# Default: hardcoded (depends on installation options)
#DatabaseDirectory /var/lib/clamav
# Only load the official signatures published by the ClamAV project.
# Default: no
#OfficialDatabaseOnly no
# The daemon can work in local mode, network mode or both.
# Due to security reasons we recommend the local mode.
# Path to a local socket file the daemon will listen on.
# Default: disabled (must be specified by a user)
LocalSocket /tmp/clamd.socket
# Sets the group ownership on the unix socket.
# Default: disabled (the primary group of the user running clam
#LocalSocketGroup clamav
# Sets the permissions on the unix socket to the specified mode.
# Default: disabled (socket is world accessible)
LocalSocketMode 660
# Remove stale socket after unclean shutdown.
# Default: yes
#FixStaleSocket yes
# TCP port address.
# Default: no
#TCPSocket 3310
# TCP address.
# By default we bind to INADDR_ANY, probably not wise.
# Enable the following to provide some degree of protection
# from the outside world. This option can be specified multiple
# times if you want to listen on multiple IPs. IPv6 is now supported.
# Default: no
#TCPAddr 127.0.0.1
# Maximum length the queue of pending connections may grow to.
# Default: 200
#MaxConnectionQueueLength 30
# Clamd uses FTP-like protocol to receive data from remote clients.
# If you are using clamav-milter to balance load between remote clamd daemons
# on firewall servers you may need to tune the options below.
# Close the connection when the data size limit is exceeded.
# The value should match your MTA's limit for a maximum attachment size.
# Default: 25M
#StreamMaxLength 10M
# Limit port range.
# Default: 1024
#StreamMinPort 30000
# Default: 2048
#StreamMaxPort 32000
# Maximum number of threads running at the same time.
# Default: 10
#MaxThreads 20
# Waiting for data from a client socket will timeout after this time (seconds).
# Default: 120
#ReadTimeout 300
# This option specifies the time (in seconds) after which clamd should
# timeout if a client doesn't provide any initial command after connecting.
# Default: 30
#CommandReadTimeout 30
# This option specifies how long to wait (in milliseconds) if the send buffer
# is full.
# Keep this value low to prevent clamd hanging.
#
# Default: 500
#SendBufTimeout 200
# Maximum number of queued items (including those being processed by
# MaxThreads threads).
# It is recommended to have this value at least twice MaxThreads if possible.
# WARNING: you shouldn't increase this too much to avoid running out of file
# descriptors, the following condition should hold:
# MaxThreads*MaxRecursion + (MaxQueue - MaxThreads) + 6< RLIMIT_NOFILE (usual
# max is 1024).
#
# Default: 100
#MaxQueue 200
# Waiting for a new job will timeout after this time (seconds).
# Default: 30
#IdleTimeout 60
# Don't scan files and directories matching regex
# This directive can be used multiple times
# Default: scan all
#ExcludePath ^/proc/
#ExcludePath ^/sys/
# Maximum depth directories are scanned at.
# Default: 15
#MaxDirectoryRecursion 20
# Follow directory symlinks.
# Default: no
#FollowDirectorySymlinks yes
# Follow regular file symlinks.
# Default: no
#FollowFileSymlinks yes
# Scan files and directories on other filesystems.
# Default: yes
#CrossFilesystems yes
# Perform a database check.
# Default: 600 (10 min)
#SelfCheck 600
# Execute a command when virus is found. In the command string %v will
# be replaced with the virus name.
# Default: no
#VirusEvent /usr/local/bin/send_sms 123456789 "VIRUS ALERT: %v"
# Run as another user (clamd must be started by root for this option to work)
# Default: don't drop privileges
User clamscan
# Stop daemon when libclamav reports out of memory condition.
#ExitOnOOM yes
# Don't fork into background.
# Default: no
#Foreground yes
# Enable debug messages in libclamav.
# Default: no
#Debug yes
# Do not remove temporary files (for debug purposes).
# Default: no
#LeaveTemporaryFiles yes
# Permit use of the ALLMATCHSCAN command. If set to no, clamd will reject
# any ALLMATCHSCAN command as invalid.
# Default: yes
#AllowAllMatchScan no
# Detect Possibly Unwanted Applications.
# Default: no
#DetectPUA yes
# Exclude a specific PUA category. This directive can be used multiple times.
# See https://github.com/vrtadmin/clamav-faq/blob/master/faq/faq-pua.md for
# the complete list of PUA categories.
# Default: Load all categories (if DetectPUA is activated)
#ExcludePUA NetTool
#ExcludePUA PWTool
# Only include a specific PUA category. This directive can be used multiple
# times.
# Default: Load all categories (if DetectPUA is activated)
#IncludePUA Spy
#IncludePUA Scanner
#IncludePUA RAT
# This option causes memory or nested map scans to dump the content to disk.
# If you turn on this option, more data is written to disk and is available
# when the LeaveTemporaryFiles option is enabled.
#ForceToDisk yes
# This option allows you to disable the caching feature of the engine. By
# default, the engine will store an MD5 in a cache of any files that are
# not flagged as virus or that hit limits checks. Disabling the cache will
# have a negative performance impact on large scans.
# Default: no
#DisableCache yes
# In some cases (eg. complex malware, exploits in graphic files, and others),
# ClamAV uses special algorithms to detect abnormal patterns and behaviors that
# may be malicious. This option enables alerting on such heuristically
# detected potential threats.
# Default: yes
#HeuristicAlerts yes
# Allow heuristic alerts to take precedence.
# When enabled, if a heuristic scan (such as phishingScan) detects
# a possible virus/phish it will stop scan immediately. Recommended, saves CPU
# scan-time.
# When disabled, virus/phish detected by heuristic scans will be reported only
# at the end of a scan. If an archive contains both a heuristically detected
# virus/phish, and a real malware, the real malware will be reported
#
# Keep this disabled if you intend to handle "*.Heuristics.*" viruses
# differently from "real" malware.
# If a non-heuristically-detected virus (signature-based) is found first,
# the scan is interrupted immediately, regardless of this config option.
#
# Default: no
#HeuristicScanPrecedence yes
##
## Heuristic Alerts
##
# With this option clamav will try to detect broken executables (both PE and
# ELF) and alert on them with the Broken.Executable heuristic signature.
# Default: no
#AlertBrokenExecutables yes
# Alert on encrypted archives _and_ documents with heuristic signature
# (encrypted .zip, .7zip, .rar, .pdf).
# Default: no
#AlertEncrypted yes
# Alert on encrypted archives with heuristic signature (encrypted .zip, .7zip,
# .rar).
# Default: no
#AlertEncryptedArchive yes
# Alert on encrypted archives with heuristic signature (encrypted .pdf).
# Default: no
#AlertEncryptedDoc yes
# With this option enabled OLE2 files containing VBA macros, which were not
# detected by signatures will be marked as "Heuristics.OLE2.ContainsMacros".
# Default: no
#AlertOLE2Macros yes
# Alert on SSL mismatches in URLs, even if the URL isn't in the database.
# This can lead to false positives.
# Default: no
#AlertPhishingSSLMismatch yes
# Alert on cloaked URLs, even if URL isn't in database.
# This can lead to false positives.
# Default: no
#AlertPhishingCloak yes
# Alert on raw DMG image files containing partition intersections
# Default: no
#AlertPartitionIntersection yes
##
## Executable files
##
# PE stands for Portable Executable - it's an executable file format used
# in all 32 and 64-bit versions of Windows operating systems. This option
# allows ClamAV to perform a deeper analysis of executable files and it's also
# required for decompression of popular executable packers such as UPX, FSG,
# and Petite. If you turn off this option, the original files will still be
# scanned, but without additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanPE yes
# Certain PE files contain an authenticode signature. By default, we check
# the signature chain in the PE file against a database of trusted and
# revoked certificates if the file being scanned is marked as a virus.
# If any certificate in the chain validates against any trusted root, but
# does not match any revoked certificate, the file is marked as whitelisted.
# If the file does match a revoked certificate, the file is marked as virus.
# The following setting completely turns off authenticode verification.
# Default: no
#DisableCertCheck yes
# Executable and Linking Format is a standard format for UN*X executables.
# This option allows you to control the scanning of ELF files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanELF yes
##
## Documents
##
# This option enables scanning of OLE2 files, such as Microsoft Office
# documents and .msi files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanOLE2 yes
# This option enables scanning within PDF files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without decoding and additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanPDF yes
# This option enables scanning within SWF files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without decoding and additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanSWF yes
# This option enables scanning xml-based document files supported by libclamav.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanXMLDOCS yes
# This option enables scanning of HWP3 files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanHWP3 yes
##
## Mail files
##
# Enable internal e-mail scanner.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without parsing individual messages/attachments.
# Default: yes
ScanMail yes
# Scan RFC1341 messages split over many emails.
# You will need to periodically clean up $TemporaryDirectory/clamav-partial
# directory.
# WARNING: This option may open your system to a DoS attack.
# Never use it on loaded servers.
# Default: no
#ScanPartialMessages yes
# With this option enabled ClamAV will try to detect phishing attempts by using
# HTML.Phishing and Email.Phishing NDB signatures.
# Default: yes
#PhishingSignatures no
# With this option enabled ClamAV will try to detect phishing attempts by
# analyzing URLs found in emails using WDB and PDB signature databases.
# Default: yes
#PhishingScanURLs no
##
## Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
##
# Enable the DLP module
# Default: No
#StructuredDataDetection yes
# This option sets the lowest number of Credit Card numbers found in a file
# to generate a detect.
# Default: 3
#StructuredMinCreditCardCount 5
# This option sets the lowest number of Social Security Numbers found
# in a file to generate a detect.
# Default: 3
#StructuredMinSSNCount 5
# With this option enabled the DLP module will search for valid
# SSNs formatted as xxx-yy-zzzz
# Default: yes
#StructuredSSNFormatNormal yes
# With this option enabled the DLP module will search for valid
# SSNs formatted as xxxyyzzzz
# Default: no
#StructuredSSNFormatStripped yes
##
## HTML
##
# Perform HTML normalisation and decryption of MS Script Encoder code.
# Default: yes
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without additional processing.
#ScanHTML yes
##
## Archives
##
# ClamAV can scan within archives and compressed files.
# If you turn off this option, the original files will still be scanned, but
# without unpacking and additional processing.
# Default: yes
#ScanArchive yes
##
## Limits
##
# The options below protect your system against Denial of Service attacks
# using archive bombs.
# This option sets the maximum amount of time to a scan may take.
# In this version, this field only affects the scan time of ZIP archives.
# Value of 0 disables the limit.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result allow scanning
# of certain files to lock up the scanning process/threads resulting in a
# Denial of Service.
# Time is in milliseconds.
# Default: 120000
#MaxScanTime 300000
# This option sets the maximum amount of data to be scanned for each input
# file. Archives and other containers are recursively extracted and scanned
# up to this value.
# Value of 0 disables the limit
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 100M
#MaxScanSize 150M
# Files larger than this limit won't be scanned. Affects the input file itself
# as well as files contained inside it (when the input file is an archive, a
# document or some other kind of container).
# Value of 0 disables the limit.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 25M
#MaxFileSize 30M
# Nested archives are scanned recursively, e.g. if a Zip archive contains a RAR
# file, all files within it will also be scanned. This options specifies how
# deeply the process should be continued.
# Note: setting this limit too high may result in severe damage to the system.
# Default: 16
#MaxRecursion 10
# Number of files to be scanned within an archive, a document, or any other
# container file.
# Value of 0 disables the limit.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 10000
#MaxFiles 15000
# Maximum size of a file to check for embedded PE. Files larger than this value
# will skip the additional analysis step.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 10M
#MaxEmbeddedPE 10M
# Maximum size of a HTML file to normalize. HTML files larger than this value
# will not be normalized or scanned.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 10M
#MaxHTMLNormalize 10M
# Maximum size of a normalized HTML file to scan. HTML files larger than this
# value after normalization will not be scanned.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 2M
#MaxHTMLNoTags 2M
# Maximum size of a script file to normalize. Script content larger than this
# value will not be normalized or scanned.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 5M
#MaxScriptNormalize 5M
# Maximum size of a ZIP file to reanalyze type recognition. ZIP files larger
# than this value will skip the step to potentially reanalyze as PE.
# Note: disabling this limit or setting it too high may result in severe damage
# to the system.
# Default: 1M
#MaxZipTypeRcg 1M
# This option sets the maximum number of partitions of a raw disk image to be
# scanned.
# Raw disk images with more partitions than this value will have up to
# the value number partitions scanned. Negative values are not allowed.
# Note: setting this limit too high may result in severe damage or impact
# performance.
# Default: 50
#MaxPartitions 128
# This option sets the maximum number of icons within a PE to be scanned.
# PE files with more icons than this value will have up to the value number
# icons scanned.
# Negative values are not allowed.
# WARNING: setting this limit too high may result in severe damage or impact
# performance.
# Default: 100
#MaxIconsPE 200
# This option sets the maximum recursive calls for HWP3 parsing during
# scanning. HWP3 files using more than this limit will be terminated and
# alert the user.
# Scans will be unable to scan any HWP3 attachments if the recursive limit
# is reached.
# Negative values are not allowed.
# WARNING: setting this limit too high may result in severe damage or impact
# performance.
# Default: 16
#MaxRecHWP3 16
# This option sets the maximum calls to the PCRE match function during
# an instance of regex matching.
# Instances using more than this limit will be terminated and alert the user
# but the scan will continue.
# For more information on match_limit, see the PCRE documentation.
# Negative values are not allowed.
# WARNING: setting this limit too high may severely impact performance.
# Default: 100000
#PCREMatchLimit 20000
# This option sets the maximum recursive calls to the PCRE match function
# during an instance of regex matching.
# Instances using more than this limit will be terminated and alert the user
# but the scan will continue.
# For more information on match_limit_recursion, see the PCRE documentation.
# Negative values are not allowed and values > PCREMatchLimit are superfluous.
# WARNING: setting this limit too high may severely impact performance.
# Default: 2000
#PCRERecMatchLimit 10000
# This option sets the maximum filesize for which PCRE subsigs will be
# executed. Files exceeding this limit will not have PCRE subsigs executed
# unless a subsig is encompassed to a smaller buffer.
# Negative values are not allowed.
# Setting this value to zero disables the limit.
# WARNING: setting this limit too high or disabling it may severely impact
# performance.
# Default: 25M
#PCREMaxFileSize 100M
# When AlertExceedsMax is set, files exceeding the MaxFileSize, MaxScanSize, or
# MaxRecursion limit will be flagged with the virus
# "Heuristics.Limits.Exceeded".
# Default: no
#AlertExceedsMax yes
##
## On-access Scan Settings
##
# Don't scan files larger than OnAccessMaxFileSize
# Value of 0 disables the limit.
# Default: 5M
#OnAccessMaxFileSize 10M
# Max number of scanning threads to allocate to the OnAccess thread pool at
# startup. These threads are the ones responsible for creating a connection
# with the daemon and kicking off scanning after an event has been processed.
# To prevent clamonacc from consuming all clamd's resources keep this lower
# than clamd's max threads.
# Default: 5
#OnAccessMaxThreads 10
# Max amount of time (in milliseconds) that the OnAccess client should spend
# for every connect, send, and recieve attempt when communicating with clamd
# via curl.
# Default: 5000 (5 seconds)
# OnAccessCurlTimeout 10000
# Toggles dynamic directory determination. Allows for recursively watching
# include paths.
# Default: no
#OnAccessDisableDDD yes
# Set the include paths (all files inside them will be scanned). You can have
# multiple OnAccessIncludePath directives but each directory must be added
# in a separate line.
# Default: disabled
#OnAccessIncludePath /home
#OnAccessIncludePath /students
# Set the exclude paths. All subdirectories are also excluded.
# Default: disabled
#OnAccessExcludePath /home/user
# Modifies fanotify blocking behaviour when handling permission events.
# If off, fanotify will only notify if the file scanned is a virus,
# and not perform any blocking.
# Default: no
#OnAccessPrevention yes
# When using prevention, if this option is turned on, any errors that occur
# during scanning will result in the event attempt being denied. This could
# potentially lead to unwanted system behaviour with certain configurations,
# so the client defaults this to off and prefers allowing access events in
# case of scan or connection error.
# Default: no
#OnAccessDenyOnError yes
# Toggles extra scanning and notifications when a file or directory is
# created or moved.
# Requires the DDD system to kick-off extra scans.
# Default: no
#OnAccessExtraScanning yes
# Set the mount point to be scanned. The mount point specified, or the mount
# point containing the specified directory will be watched. If any directories
# are specified, this option will preempt (disable and ignore all options
# related to) the DDD system. This option will result in verdicts only.
# Note that prevention is explicitly disallowed to prevent common, fatal
# misconfigurations. (e.g. watching "/" with prevention on and no exclusions
# made on vital system directories)
# It can be used multiple times.
# Default: disabled
#OnAccessMountPath /
#OnAccessMountPath /home/user
# With this option you can whitelist the root UID (0). Processes run under
# root with be able to access all files without triggering scans or
# permission denied events.
# Note that if clamd cannot check the uid of the process that generated an
# on-access scan event (e.g., because OnAccessPrevention was not enabled, and
# the process already exited), clamd will perform a scan. Thus, setting
# OnAccessExcludeRootUID is not *guaranteed* to prevent every access by the
# root user from triggering a scan (unless OnAccessPrevention is enabled).
# Default: no
#OnAccessExcludeRootUID no
# With this option you can whitelist specific UIDs. Processes with these UIDs
# will be able to access all files without triggering scans or permission
# denied events.
# This option can be used multiple times (one per line).
# Using a value of 0 on any line will disable this option entirely.
# To whitelist the root UID (0) please enable the OnAccessExcludeRootUID
# option.
# Also note that if clamd cannot check the uid of the process that generated an
# on-access scan event (e.g., because OnAccessPrevention was not enabled, and
# the process already exited), clamd will perform a scan. Thus, setting
此外，clamd@scan 将无法启动：
systemctl status [email protected]
● [email protected] - clamd scanner (scan) daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2020-03-20 16:43:51 GMT; 14s ago
Process: 1851 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/clamd --foreground=yes (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
Main PID: 1851 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Service RestartSec=100ms expired, scheduling restart.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: Stopped clamd scanner (scan) daemon.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Start request repeated too quickly.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: [email protected]: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Mar 20 16:43:51 server.com systemd[1]: Failed to start clamd scanner (scan) daemon.
答案1
其中提到了一些解决方案“clamd 无法启动”帖子，这可能有助于解决这个“ ERROR: Could not connect to clamd on LocalSocket”问题。
一个解决方案提到确保配置文件中的这两行都没有被注释掉
LocalSocket /tmp/clamd.socket
FixStaleSocket yes
还要运行这些命令
mkdir /var/run/clamd
chown root:<same group name that clamd runs as> /var/run/clamd
然后重新启动clamd服务，并考虑通过更新到最新版本的 ClamAV yum。
此外，OP 还/usr/lib/systemd/system用创建了一个用于 clamd 的系统单元ExecStart = /usr/local/sbin/clamd。
此外，还提到运行cat /etc/passwd查看 clamav 用户的权限并将权限改回 clamav 用户。
chown -R clamav.clamav /var/log/clamav/
chown -R clamav.clamav /var/run/clamav/
chown -R clamav.clamav /var/lib/clamav/