重启服务器后，我遇到了问题。以前网络很好，我很少碰它，因为它是备用服务器。自从重启后，它就一直有问题。服务器运行的是 ubuntu 18.04
systemctl status networking.service
显示状态为失败：
RTNETLINK answers: File exists
Failed to bring up enp5s0f1
Failed to start Raise network interfaces
重新启动服务器，进一步重新启动并没有改变这一点。运行时ifdown enp5s0f1显示为设备未配置。
再次ifup en5s0f1显示：
RTNETLINK answers: File exists
Failed to bring up enp5s0f1
我从这个帖子中尝试了几种解决方案：https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/13895/solving-rtnetlink-answers-file-exists-when-running-ifup
我不想添加忽略错误选项，以防以后出现问题。
这是接口文件：
# ifupdown has been replaced by netplan(5) on this system. See
# /etc/netplan for current configuration.
# To re-enable ifupdown on this system, you can run:
# sudo apt install ifupdown
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
#auto bond0
#iface bond0 inet static
# pre-up modprobe bonding miimon=100 mode=4 lacp_rate=1
# pre-up ip link set bond0 up
# pre-up ifenslave bond0 eno1
# pre-up ifenslave bond0 eno2
# pre-up ifenslave bond0 eno3
# pre-up ifenslave bond0 eno4
# post-down ip link set bond0 up
# post-down ifenslave -d bond0 eno1
# post-down ifenslave -d bond0 eno2
# post-down ifenslave -d bond0 eno3
# post-down ifenslave -d bond0 eno4
# post-down rmmod bonding
# address 192.168.128.23
# netmask 255.255.240.0
# gateway 192.168.128.1
# mtu 9000
# slaves eno1 eno2 eno3 eno4
# bond_mode 4
# bond-miimon 100
# bond_downdelay 200
# bond_updelay 200
auto enp5s0f1
iface enp5s0f1 inet static
address 192.168.128.23
netmask 255.255.240.0
gateway 192.168.128.1
mtu 9000
auto enp5s0f1.0100
iface enp5s0f1.0100 inet static
address 192.168.100.23
netmask 255.255.255.0
vlan-raw-device enp5s0f1
auto enp5s0f1.0201
iface enp5s0f1.0201 inet static
address 192.168.201.23
netmask 255.255.255.0
vlan-raw-device enp5s0f1
#auto bond0.0100
#iface bond0.0100 inet static
# address 192.168.100.23
# netmask 255.255.255.0
#auto bond0.0201
#iface bond0.0201 inet static
# address 192.168.201.23
# netmask 255.255.255.0
查看 ifstate，我添加了第一行，但没有帮助：
lo=lo
enp5s0f1=enp5s0f1
enp5s0f1.0100=enp5s0f1.0100
enp5s0f1.0201=enp5s0f1.0201
ifconfig -a输出这个
bond0: flags=5123<UP,BROADCAST,MASTER,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.128.23 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 192.168.143.255
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
bond0.0100: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.23 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
bond0.0201: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.201.23 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.201.255
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eno1: flags=6147<UP,BROADCAST,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eno2: flags=6147<UP,BROADCAST,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eno3: flags=6147<UP,BROADCAST,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eno4: flags=6147<UP,BROADCAST,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp5s0f0: flags=4098<BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:78 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp5s0f1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 9000
inet 192.168.128.23 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 192.168.143.255
inet6 fe80::a236:9fff:fe5f:6a7a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:7a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1816 bytes 182426 (182.4 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 211 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 33 bytes 2598 (2.5 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp5s0f1.0100: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 9000
inet 192.168.100.23 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::a236:9fff:fe5f:6a7a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:7a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 433 bytes 22045 (22.0 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11 bytes 866 (866.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp5s0f1.0201: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 9000
inet 192.168.201.23 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.201.255
inet6 fe80::a236:9fff:fe5f:6a7a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:7a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 106 bytes 7861 (7.8 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11 bytes 866 (866.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 134 bytes 13007 (13.0 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 134 bytes 13007 (13.0 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
我不太确定债券选项。网络是由我的同事不久前建立的，他现在已经不在我们公司了。
编辑：找到了 netplan 配置！我只想使用 netplan，只要它能用就行。我删除了 ifupdown，并尝试了 netplan 配置，但仍然没有网络。我确认 networking.service 已被删除，systemd-networkd 已启动 - 仍然坏了！
关于这个 netplan 配置有什么建议吗？
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
#network:
# version: 2
# renderer: networkd
# ethernets:
# eno1:
# addresses: [ 192.168.128.23/20 ]
# gateway4: 192.168.128.1
# nameservers:
# addresses:
# - "192.168.128.240"
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
switchports: #the physical interfaces
match: {name: "eno[1-4]"}
dhcp4: no
optional: true
bonds:
bond0: #the bonded interface
interfaces: [switchports]
parameters:
mode: 802.3ad
lacp-rate: fast
mii-monitor-interval: 100
dhcp4: no
addresses: [ "192.168.128.23/20" ]
gateway4: 192.168.128.1
nameservers:
addresses:
- "192.168.128.240"
vlans:
bond0.0100:
id: 100
link: bond0
dhcp4: no
addresses: [ "192.168.100.23/24" ]
bond0.0201:
id: 201
link: bond0
dhcp4: no
addresses: [ "192.168.201.23/24" ]
编辑2：添加了我发现的一些输出。
ipaddr输出
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eno2: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: eno3: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: eno4: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: enp5s0f0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
7: enp5s0f1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether a0:36:9f:5f:6a:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: bond0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.128.23/20 brd 192.168.143.255 scope global bond0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
9: bond0.0201@bond0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state LOWERLAYERDOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.201.23/24 brd 192.168.201.255 scope global bond0.0201
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
10: bond0.0100@bond0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state LOWERLAYERDOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.23/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global bond0.0100
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
networkd.service 状态。显示链接已启动，但我仍然无法 ping 任何内部或外部内容。
systemd-networkd.service - Network Service
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-networkd.service; enabled-runtime; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-12-21 12:14:54 GMT; 17s ago
Docs: man:systemd-networkd.service(8)
Main PID: 11381 (systemd-network)
Status: "Processing requests..."
Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
CGroup: /system.slice/systemd-networkd.service
└─11381 /lib/systemd/systemd-networkd
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: bond0: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: enp5s0f1: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: bond0: IPv6 successfully enabled
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: eno2: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: eno1: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: lo: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: eno4: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: enp5s0f0: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: eno3: Link is not managed by us
Dec 21 12:14:54 dougal systemd-networkd[11381]: enp5s0f1: Link is not managed by us
端口输出networkctl似乎卡在配置中。
1: lo
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: loopback
State: carrier (unmanaged)
Address: 127.0.0.1
::1
● 2: eno1
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-switchports.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Path: pci-0000:01:00.0
Driver: bnx2
Vendor: Broadcom Limited
Model: NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (PowerEdge R610 BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet)
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
● 3: eno2
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-switchports.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Path: pci-0000:01:00.1
Driver: bnx2
Vendor: Broadcom Limited
Model: NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (PowerEdge R610 BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet)
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
● 4: eno3
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-switchports.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Path: pci-0000:02:00.0
Driver: bnx2
Vendor: Broadcom Limited
Model: NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (PowerEdge R610 BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet)
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
● 5: eno4
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-switchports.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Path: pci-0000:02:00.1
Driver: bnx2
Vendor: Broadcom Limited
Model: NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (PowerEdge R610 BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet)
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
● 6: enp5s0f0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: ether
State: off (unmanaged)
Path: pci-0000:05:00.0
Driver: ixgbe
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Model: Ethernet 10G 2P X520 Adapter (10GbE 2P X520 Adapter)
HW Address: a0:36:9f:5f:6a:78 (Intel Corporate)
● 7: enp5s0f1
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: ether
State: off (unmanaged)
Path: pci-0000:05:00.1
Driver: ixgbe
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Model: Ethernet 10G 2P X520 Adapter (10GbE 2P X520 Adapter)
HW Address: a0:36:9f:5f:6a:7a (Intel Corporate)
● 8: bond0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-bond0.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Driver: bonding
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
Address: 192.168.128.23
Gateway: 192.168.128.1
DNS: 192.168.128.240
Search Domains: imaginariumuk.local
● 9: bond0.0201
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-bond0.0201.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Driver: 802.1Q VLAN Support
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
Address: 192.168.201.23
● 10: bond0.0100
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-bond0.0100.network
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (configuring)
Driver: 802.1Q VLAN Support
HW Address: 1a:e3:d6:8c:b5:ff
Address: 192.168.100.23