当我尝试修复文件系统时，为什么 fsck 不起作用

Question

我尝试安装/dev/nvme0n1p1。

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 465.76 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: Samsung SSD 980 PRO 500GB               
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: B1ED7DE3-D07A-2646-9A21-14A2ABF7CEB2

Device         Start       End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1  2048 976773119 976771072 465.8G Linux filesystem

这不起作用，因为我收到此错误

mount(2) system call failed: Structure needs cleaning.
dmesg(1) may have more information after failed mount system call.

修复之后fsck我总是收到如上所示的相同错误。

编辑：我重新运行fsck并 -f -v更改了输出。输出显示了新的错误。

# sudo fsck -f -v /dev/nvme0n1p1 -y

e2fsck 1.46.6-rc1 (12-Sep-2022)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Inode 7 has illegal block(s).  Clear? yes

Illegal block #10280 (3396235583) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #10281 (1077962448) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #10282 (3443790753) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #10283 (2332978542) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13384 (3894653357) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13385 (3589061118) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13386 (3771666462) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13387 (2292560503) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13416 (3837606578) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13417 (3377237814) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Illegal block #13418 (2597835013) in inode 7.  CLEARED.
Too many illegal blocks in inode 7.
Clear inode? yes

Restarting e2fsck from the beginning...
ext2fs_open2: Superblock checksum does not match superblock
fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
Resize inode not valid.  Recreate? yes

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Block bitmap differences:  +(32768--33851) +(98304--99387) +(163840--164923) +(229376--230459) +(294912--295995) +(819200--820283) +(884736--885819) +(1605632--1606715) +(2654208--2655291) +(4096000--4097083) +(5768066--5768069) +5768073 +(5768075--5768080) +(5768082--5768083) +5768085 +(5768090--5768091) +(5768094--5768095) +(5768098--5768100) +(5768104--5768111) +5768113 +5768117 +(5768119--5768120) +5768122 +(5768126--5768129) +(5768132--5768133) +(5768135--5768136) +(5768138--5768139) +(5768142--5768146) +(5768148--5768150) +(5768152--5768154) +(5768156--5768157) +(5768160--5768161) +5768164 +5768168 +5768170 +5768172 +(5768174--5768175) +5768177 +5768179 +(5768182--5768184) +(5768187--5768188) +5768191 +5770187 [phone] -5781451 -5785547 -5788619 -5799883 +6293451 [phone] -6830027 -6842315 -6846411 +7344075 [phone] -7353291 -7361483 -7363531 -7364555 -7368651 +7865217 +(7865219--7865224) +(7865226--7865232) +7865236 +(7865239--7865240) +(7865242--7865244) +(7865249--7865251) +7865256 +7865258 +7865261 +(7865263--7865264) +7865267 +(7865269--7865272) +(7865275--7865280) +(7865282--7865283) +(7865286--7865287) +7865290 +7865292 +(7865295--7865296) +(7865298--7865299) +(7865302--7865303) +(7865305--7865306) +7865309 +(7865311--7865312) +(7865314--7865315) +7865320 +7865322 +7865325 +(7865328--7865329) +(7865332--7865333) +(7865335--7865336) +7865338 +7865341 +7865343 [phone] -7885771 -7893963 +(7962624--7963707) [phone] -8416203 [phone] +9438155 +9441227 +9444299 [phone] -9452491 -9455563 -9456587 -9464779 -9466827 +(11239424--11240507) +(20480000--20481083) +(23887872--23888955) +(30933888--30933889) +(30933893--30933895) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(30933906--30933907) +(30933912--30933914) [phone] +(30933920--30933923) [phone] +(30933929--30933932) [phone] +(30933936--30933937) +(30933939--30933943) +(30933947--30933948) [phone] [phone] +(30933955--30933958) [phone] +(30933963--30933964) [phone] +(30933969--30933972) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(30933991--30933992) +(30933995--30933997) +(30933999--30934001) [phone] [phone] +(30934009--30934010) +(30934012--30934013) [phone] [phone] [phone] -30945227 -30952395 -30956491 [phone] -31466443 -31469515 -31470539 -31471563 -31474635 -31482827 -31487947 -31489995 +(31982465--31982467) [phone] +(31982475--31982478) [phone] [phone] +(31982487--31982490) +(31982493--31982495) +(31982499--31982501) [phone] +(31982506--31982508) +(31982510--31982511) +(31982513--31982514) +(31982516--31982522) [phone] +(31982527--31982531) +(31982533--31982535) [phone] [phone] +(31982543--31982544) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(31982561--31982562) [phone] +(31982567--31982571) [phone] +(31982575--31982576) [phone] +(31982583--31982584) +(31982586--31982588) +(31982590--31982591) [phone] [phone] [phone] -32519115 -32524235 [phone] [phone] -33048523 -33049547 -33060811 [phone] -33566667 -33572811 -33575883 -33579979 -33582027 -33584075 -33586123 [phone] -34099147 -34105291 -34108363 -34109387 [phone] [phone] [phone] -34620363 -34622411 -34628555 -67645387 -67652555 -67654603 -67661771 [phone] -68168651 -68187083 [phone] -68705227 -68709323 [phone] +(69207937--69207938) [phone] [phone] +(69207948--69207949) +(69207951--69207957) +(69207962--69207963) +(69207965--69207966) +(69207968--69207973) [phone] +(69207978--69207982) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(69208000--69208001) [phone] [phone] +(69208011--69208013) +(69208015--69208019) [phone] +(69208027--69208029) +(69208032--69208033) [phone] +(69208037--69208039) +(69208041--69208044) [phone] [phone] +(69208056--69208058) [phone] -69216203 -69229515 [phone] -69757899 -69759947 +(70255488--70255492) [phone] +(70255497--70255501) [phone] +(70255507--70255508) +(70255510--70255511) [phone] +(70255519--70255520) [phone] [phone] +(70255531--70255535) +(70255537--70255538) [phone] +(70255543--70255544) +(70255549--70255550) [phone] [phone] +(70255564--70255567) +(70255572--70255573) [phone] +(70255582--70255584) +(70255587--70255589) +(70255591--70255592) +(70255595--70255599) +(70255603--70255604) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] -70265803 -70267851 [phone] [phone] [phone] -70791115 -70800331 -70806475 -70808523 [phone] [phone] -71313355 -71314379 -71322571 -71323595 -71325643 -71332811 -71333835 -71334859 +(71663616--71664699) +(78675968--78677051) [phone] -100673483 [phone] -101218251 [phone] -101742539 +(102239105--102239106) +(102239108--102239109) [phone] +(102239116--102239118) +(102239121--102239122) +(102239126--102239128) +(102239132--102239134) [phone] [phone] [phone] +(102239146--102239147) [phone] +(102239151--102239152) +(102239154--102239158) +(102239164--102239165) [phone] +(102239173--102239174) [phone] [phone] +(102239180--102239183) +(102239185--102239186) [phone] +(102239193--102239194) +(102239198--102239200) [phone] [phone] +(102239210--102239211) +(102239213--102239214) +(102239216--102239220) +(102239222--102239223) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] -102246347 +(102400000--102401083) [phone] -102771659 -102773707 -102777803 -102785995 -102787019 [phone] +(103285641--103285642) +(103285644--103285645) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(103285666--103285668) +(103285670--103285671) +(103285674--103285676) +(103285678--103285679) +(103285682--103285689) [phone] +(103285695--103285697) +(103285699--103285700) +(103285702--103285703) [phone] [phone] [phone] +(103285716--103285717) [phone] [phone] [phone] +(103285727--103285729) [phone] +(103285735--103285739) [phone] +(103285745--103285746) [phone] [phone] [phone] -103295947 -103302091 -103308235 [phone] [phone] [phone] -103839691 -103840715 [phone] +(104336256--104336258) [phone] +(104336264--104336265) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(104336279--104336280) +(104336282--104336285) +(104336287--104336289) [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] [phone] +(104336317--104336318) +(104336321--104336323) +(104336329--104336330) +(104336332--104336337) +(104336339--104336340) +(104336344--104336345) +(104336347--104336352) +(104336358--104336359) [phone] +(104336367--104336369) [phone] +(104336375--104336377) [phone] [phone] -104344523
Fix? yes

Free blocks count wrong for group #0 (23453, counted=23454).
Fix? yes

Free blocks count wrong (119899042, counted=119899043).
Fix? yes

Directories count wrong for group #3713 (2790064128, counted=0).
Fix? yes

Padding at end of inode bitmap is not set. Fix? yes


/dev/nvme0n1p1: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****

          11 inodes used (0.00%, out of 30531584)
           0 non-contiguous files (0.0%)
           0 non-contiguous directories (0.0%)
             # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0
             Extent depth histogram: 2/1
     2197341 blocks used (1.80%, out of 122096384)
           0 bad blocks
           0 large files

           0 regular files
           2 directories
           0 character device files
           0 block device files
           0 fifos
           0 links
           0 symbolic links (0 fast symbolic links)
           0 sockets
------------
           2 files

我是否做错了什么或者遗漏了什么？

Answer 1

我找到了解决方案。运行后sudo gdisk /dev/nvme0n1我得到了以下输出：

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present


***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***************************************************************


Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by
33 blocks!
You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility.

如果您使用该p命令，它会显示您的驱动器已使用块的位置。 修复此问题的最简单方法是 -> x->z然后同时选择“是”。 然后您清理了（并删除) 您的整个驱动器。之后，使用 gdisk、fdisk 或 gparted 创建一个新分区表，并在分区之前创建一个带有一些未分配空间的新分区（在我的情况下，它是在之前，有时您需要在之后释放空间）。下一步是清理结构，然后您就可以挂载了。