在使用 outlook 和 thunderbird 等电子邮件客户端配置 postfix/dovecot 时遇到问题。
使用 telnet 和 openssl 我已经通过端口 587 和 993 测试了 smtp 和 imap。
已发送的邮件已在文件系统中接收。当我尝试通过 imap (openssl) 检索电子邮件时，我可以毫无问题地检索正文。
在 thunderbird 中，当我尝试设置帐户时，我无法通过“连接测试”。在 outlook 中，我通过了测试，并且帐户已设置。但收件箱中没有邮件。
账户设置：
IMAP - 993 - ssl/tls
SMTP - 587 - 启动 tls
Outlook 中的“连接测试”之后，/var/log/mail.log 包含以下内容：
Oct 16 10:09:45 mail dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<[email protected]>, method=PLAIN, rip=40.101.90.197, lip=x, mpid=781860, TLS, session=>
Oct 16 10:09:45 mail dovecot: imap([email protected])<781860><RMgv9dUHdVAoZVrF>: Logged out in=63 out=999 deleted=0 expunged=0 trashed=0 hdr_count=0 hdr_b>
Oct 16 10:09:47 mail dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<[email protected]>, method=PLAIN, rip=40.101.90.197, lip=x, mpid=781862, TLS, session=>
Oct 16 10:09:48 mail dovecot: imap([email protected])<781862><JZtY9dUHAhMoZVrF>: Logged out in=85 out=1084 deleted=0 expunged=0 trashed=0 hdr_count=0 hdr_>
Thunderbird 中的“连接测试”之后 /var/log/mail.log 包含以下内容：
Oct 16 10:01:52 mail dovecot: imap-login: Aborted login (no auth attempts in 0 secs): user=<>, rip=94.191.136.80, lip=themailserverip, TLS, session=<aa4d2dU>Oct 16 10:02:02 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[781321]: connect from 94.191.136.80.mobile.tre.se[94.191.136.80]
Oct 16 10:02:02 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[781321]: lost connection after CONNECT from 94.191.136.80.mobile.tre.se[94.191.136.80]
Oct 16 10:02:02 mail postfix/submission/smtpd[781321]: disconnect from 94.191.136.80.mobile.tre.se[94.191.136.80] commands=0/0
dovecot -n: （x.com 只是我真实域名的替代品）
# 2.3.13 (89f716dc2): /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
# Pigeonhole version 0.5.13 (cdd19fe3)
# OS: Linux 5.10.0-26-amd64 x86_64 Debian 11.8 ext4
# Hostname: mail.x.com
auth_mechanisms = plain login
mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%d/%n
mail_privileged_group = mail
namespace inbox {
inbox = yes
location =
mailbox Drafts {
special_use = \Drafts
}
mailbox Junk {
special_use = \Junk
}
mailbox Sent {
special_use = \Sent
}
mailbox "Sent Messages" {
special_use = \Sent
}
mailbox Trash {
special_use = \Trash
}
prefix =
}
passdb {
driver = pam
}
passdb {
args = /etc/dovecot/passwd
driver = passwd-file
}
plugin {
sieve = ~/.dovecot.sieve
sieve_dir = ~/sieve
}
protocols = imap lmtp
service auth-worker {
user = vmail
}
service auth {
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
group = postfix
mode = 0660
user = postfix
}
}
service imap-login {
inet_listener imap {
port = 143
}
inet_listener imaps {
port = 993
ssl = yes
}
}
service lmtp {
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/dovecot-lmtp {
group = postfix
mode = 0600
user = postfix
}
}
service pop3-login {
inet_listener pop3 {
port = 110
}
inet_listener pop3s {
port = 995
ssl = yes
}
}
ssl = required
ssl_cert = </etc/letsencrypt/live/x.com/cert.pem
ssl_client_ca_dir = /etc/ssl/certs
ssl_dh = # hidden, use -P to show it
ssl_key = # hidden, use -P to show it
userdb {
driver = passwd
}
userdb {
args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/home/vmail/%d/%n
driver = static
}
protocol lmtp {
mail_plugins = " sieve"
postmaster_address = [email protected]
}
local_name mail.x.com {
ssl_cert = </etc/letsencrypt/live/x.com/cert.pem
ssl_key = # hidden, use -P to show it
}
后配置-n
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
append_dot_mydomain = no
biff = no
compatibility_level = 2
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
mailbox_size_limit = 0
mydestination = localhost
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
myorigin = localhost
readme_directory = no
recipient_delimiter = +
relayhost =
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/x.com/cert.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/x.com/privkey.pem
smtpd_use_tls = yes
tls_server_sni_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmail_ssl.map
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_domains = x.com
virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmaps
virtual_minimum_uid = 100
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
后配置-M
smtp inet n - y - - smtpd
submission inet n - y - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
pickup unix n - y 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - y - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - y 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - y - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - y - 0 bounce
defer unix - - y - 0 bounce
trace unix - - y - 0 bounce
verify unix - - y - 1 verify
flush unix n - y 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - y - - smtp
relay unix - - y - - smtp -o syslog_name=postfix/$service_name
showq unix n - y - - showq
error unix - - y - - error
retry unix - - y - - error
discard unix - - y - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - y - - lmtp
anvil unix - - y - 1 anvil
scache unix - - y - 1 scache
postlog unix-dgram n - n - 1 postlogd
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRXhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FRX user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}