我的目标是使用 nginx 容器反向代理在我的 vps 中运行的应用程序的特定路径。我已通过手动设置 nginx 容器成功完成此操作，但使用 docker-compose 时则无法完成。
手动运行 nginx 容器（成功）：
sudo docker run -it -d=true --restart=unless-stopped --name=nginx -p=80:80 nginx
然后更新：nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# custom
location /ping {
proxy_pass http://my-vps-bla-bla.com:13671/ping;
}
}
通过此配置，我可以成功调用：
curl --location 'http://my-vps-bla-bla.com'✅（nginx 默认欢迎响应）curl --location 'http://my-vps-bla-bla.com/ping'✅（我的服务回应）
使用docker-compose中的nginx（不成功）：
sudo docker-compose up -d使用以下内容docker-compose.yaml：
version: "3"
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:latest
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- ./data/nginx/conf.d/:/etc/nginx/conf.d/
（安装方法nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf同上）
/ping使用此配置，无法调用我的 vps
curl --location 'http://my-vps-bla-bla.com'✅curl --location 'http://my-vps-bla-bla.com/ping'❌
<body>
<h1>An error occurred.</h1>
<p>Sorry, the page you are looking for is currently unavailable.<br/>
Please try again later.</p>
我尝试比较两个输出，sudo docker inspect nginx但我不知道该查找/修复哪里。以下是两个输出：
sudo docker inspect nginx从“手动” nginx 容器设置
[
{
"Id": "b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39",
"Created": "2023-11-30T17:13:10.075669841Z",
"Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
"Args": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 1928612,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2023-11-30T17:13:10.394942106Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:a6bd71f48f6839d9faae1f29d3babef831e76bc213107682c5cc80f0cbb30866",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39/b9e77c86868575a83f63420c3dbf542dbf9bca1c49a649a489f917055bfe5c39-json.log",
"Name": "/nginx",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "unless-stopped",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"ConsoleSize": [
24,
176
],
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": [],
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": [],
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": [],
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": null,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fbf2e1d00d7fcad7ebb6a270d58090e19c99a07d9957e6c82e537818067043c9-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ccf450a15bc9b7180010e6d2e409a3c9df4979248c75426c60f1e9d161f868d5/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/63815499c80141a4d1af5a8e2c142b4087e32f8f86455372dda5825470a8980a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/43497557d17d33626e4dedaef8ba71c1e379a4fb134ea97e1c706ed08a0656de/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6f03359d7e49862599ec61b7f085af5ddc2edb3a30dec2a9bc8812853ef955c7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/df62ce4c1da140df692bffc5dc5ba2db38b14497b0c8f6a586aa33d685923c7e/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b53502919ddaf322d2433b5c3194c0d04ab45d838f64fb1e8ca9ab363a77082c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d9166dd4fa2cef1a1bed1401e4e8ea1745f1a8a4d50f5d2924d8c54bed019c4a/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fbf2e1d00d7fcad7ebb6a270d58090e19c99a07d9957e6c82e537818067043c9/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fbf2e1d00d7fcad7ebb6a270d58090e19c99a07d9957e6c82e537818067043c9/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fbf2e1d00d7fcad7ebb6a270d58090e19c99a07d9957e6c82e537818067043c9/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "b9e77c868685",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.25.3",
"NJS_VERSION=0.8.2",
"PKG_RELEASE=1~bookworm"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"Image": "nginx",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"/docker-entrypoint.sh"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <[email protected]>"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGQUIT"
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "0c9b693da3685ad37e758da8e67d5d537e744c77bba0c13b2b2fa95c37eeede8",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "80"
},
{
"HostIp": "::",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/0c9b693da368",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "7beba34d7a1c3739dadf6b14856295e1849007e86792c70e2d76483d94a00b4e",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff,
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "751980ff5b2110b5c0072ddd62e953a5e6575819e3a25319868474ee4b530e65",
"EndpointID": "7beba34d7a1c3739dadf6b14856295e1849007e86792c70e2d76483d94a00b4e",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
sudo docker inspect docker-stuff_default从 docker-compose nginx 容器设置
[
{
"Id": "2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f",
"Created": "2023-11-30T17:09:18.381573448Z",
"Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
"Args": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 1928407,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2023-11-30T17:09:18.752743033Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:a6bd71f48f6839d9faae1f29d3babef831e76bc213107682c5cc80f0cbb30866",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f/2129e96a18fcd494e1f4a6113aa95e3fd7db72fee9a8686a9e28b2d3be100c3f-json.log",
"Name": "/docker-stuff_nginx_1",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/home/ubuntu/projects/docker-stuff/data/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:rw"
],
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "docker-stuff_default",
"PortBindings": {
"443/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "443"
}
],
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": [],
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": null,
"DnsOptions": null,
"DnsSearch": null,
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": null,
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": null,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38441d680a06140f681240786942a4eee6fbd37eb2697db64be1647427bca63b-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ccf450a15bc9b7180010e6d2e409a3c9df4979248c75426c60f1e9d161f868d5/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/63815499c80141a4d1af5a8e2c142b4087e32f8f86455372dda5825470a8980a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/43497557d17d33626e4dedaef8ba71c1e379a4fb134ea97e1c706ed08a0656de/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6f03359d7e49862599ec61b7f085af5ddc2edb3a30dec2a9bc8812853ef955c7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/df62ce4c1da140df692bffc5dc5ba2db38b14497b0c8f6a586aa33d685923c7e/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b53502919ddaf322d2433b5c3194c0d04ab45d838f64fb1e8ca9ab363a77082c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d9166dd4fa2cef1a1bed1401e4e8ea1745f1a8a4d50f5d2924d8c54bed019c4a/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38441d680a06140f681240786942a4eee6fbd37eb2697db64be1647427bca63b/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38441d680a06140f681240786942a4eee6fbd37eb2697db64be1647427bca63b/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38441d680a06140f681240786942a4eee6fbd37eb2697db64be1647427bca63b/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "bind",
"Source": "/home/ubuntu/projects/docker-stuff/data/nginx/conf.d",
"Destination": "/etc/nginx/conf.d",
"Mode": "rw",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": "rprivate"
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "2129e96a18fc",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"443/tcp": {},
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.25.3",
"NJS_VERSION=0.8.2",
"PKG_RELEASE=1~bookworm"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"Image": "nginx:latest",
"Volumes": {
"/etc/nginx/conf.d": {}
},
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"/docker-entrypoint.sh"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"com.docker.compose.config-hash": "58e1e3097c631d13e6eff6c524cfc92917aeb08954585d0a455d0908f3ba728c",
"com.docker.compose.container-number": "1",
"com.docker.compose.oneoff": "False",
"com.docker.compose.project": "docker-stuff",
"com.docker.compose.project.config_files": "docker-compose.yaml",
"com.docker.compose.project.working_dir": "/home/ubuntu/projects/docker-stuff",
"com.docker.compose.service": "nginx",
"com.docker.compose.version": "1.29.2",
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <[email protected]>"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGQUIT"
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "8b61c1e6e2f1a1650da0ea014baaa6d174f3a6ae29e589015bd6ef6de3b0dc3c",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"443/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "443"
},
{
"HostIp": "::",
"HostPort": "443"
}
],
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "80"
},
{
"HostIp": "::",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/8b61c1e6e2f1",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "",
"Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "",
"IPPrefixLen": 0,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "",
"Networks": {
"docker-stuff_default": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"nginx",
"2129e96a18fc"
],
"NetworkID": "6aa6d52fb8c8945e6a36f5229892d14cb8e39e1dbf6fcf8c351464fd59ba83a3",
"EndpointID": "5f3010c7f1c9119c50cdff6f924470f7ceab64bc66b8d09f12d524ffa8b9b1ff",
"Gateway": "172.24.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.24.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
答案1
不同之处在于网络。从命令行，容器，如docker 文档
默认情况下，容器会继承主机的 DNS 设置，如 /etc/resolv.conf 配置文件中所定义。连接到默认桥接网络的容器会收到此文件的副本。连接到自定义网络的容器会使用 Docker 的嵌入式 DNS 服务器。嵌入式 DNS 服务器会将外部 DNS 查询转发到主机上配置的 DNS 服务器。
如您所见，docker-compose.yml 文件生成的容器使用自定义网络，因此您应该配置（在同一个 YAML 文件中的 dns: 下）所需的 DNS 配置或添加
network-mode: bridge