我将按照以下指南开始在 ec2 上使用 puppet。
https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/puppet.html
在最后一步，当我尝试从 Puppet Master 签署 Puppet 客户端时，出现以下错误
root@ip-10-248-27-66:/home/ubuntu# puppetca --sign ec2-54-245-56-210.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
err: Could not call sign: Could not find certificate request for ec2-54-245-56-210.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
/etc/hosts这是puppetmaster的输出
127.0.0.1 localhost puppetmaster
10.248.34.162 ec2-54-245-56-210.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com puppet
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
/etc/hosts以下是Puppet 客户端的输出
127.0.0.1 localhost
10.248.27.66 ec2-50-112-220-110.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com puppetmaster
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
我按照这里的故障排除建议进行操作https://serverfault.com/a/388973/85577
主人跑步了吗？
root@ip-10-248-27-66:/home/ubuntu# service puppetmaster status
* master is running
主机名“puppet”或“puppet.abc.com”是否从代理解析？
我该如何检查？我是否只需通过 telnet 连接到puppetmaster端口 8140（host 命令无法解析该问题，但 telnet 命令可以）？
root@ip-10-248-34-162:/home/ubuntu# host puppetmaster
Host puppetmaster not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
主服务器上的 TCP 端口 8140 是否可以从代理服务器访问（尝试：telnet puppet 8140）？
root@ip-10-248-34-162:/home/ubuntu# telnet puppetmaster 8140
Trying 10.248.27.66...
Connected to ec2-50-112-220-110.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com.
Escape character is '^]'.
代理上的系统日志说了什么？
Apr 11 17:57:41 ip-10-248-34-162 puppet-agent[3897]: Could not request certificate: getaddrinfo: Name or service not known
在代理上尝试 puppet agent --test，它将尝试连接到主服务器并停留在前台以显示输出。
root@ip-10-248-34-162:/home/ubuntu# puppet agent --test
err: Could not request certificate: getaddrinfo: Name or service not known
Exiting; failed to retrieve certificate and waitforcert is disabled
编辑
/etc/hosts感谢 dawud，因此按照此命令输入的内容是正确的
$ getent hosts puppetmaster
10.248.27.66 ec2-50-112-220-110.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com puppetmaster
但是当我尝试这个时我收到一个错误
$ puppet agent --test --waitforcert 5
err: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2)
err: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2)
答案1
检查 puppetmaster 和客户端计算机是否都可以解析 puppetmaster 的 FQDN。要使此功能正常工作，您需要/etc/hosts在两台计算机上将 puppetmaster IP 添加到您的计算机，然后使用以下命令进行检查：
$ ping puppetmaster或者
$ getent hosts puppetmaster
检查您是否可以从客户端计算机访问 puppetmaster
$ telnet puppetmaster 8140
如果服务器拒绝连接，请检查 puppetmaster 中端口是否打开
# iptables -L -n -v
或者添加一条规则以允许传入流量到该端口（这取决于已经如何iptables配置）
# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8140 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
并从客户端运行
# puppet agent --test --waitforcert 5
之后，从木偶大师那里
# puppet cert list
将显示准备签名的证书，您可以通过比较指纹来检查它是否属于客户端机器。对其进行签名：
# puppet cert sign $client
Puppetmaster 将为客户端编译一个目录，您可以跟踪它在客户端控制台中的应用方式。
要在 Puppetmaster 上重新生成证书，请停止 ppuppetmaster 并
# find $(puppet master --configprint ssldir) -name "$(puppet master --configprint certname).pem" -delete
当您再次启动 puppetmaster 时，它将为您重新生成证书。
在客户端，通常只需删除 ssldir 的内容即可/var/lib/puppet/ssl，但下次调用时请按上述方法检查
# puppet agent --test --waitforcert 5
它将被重新创建。
最后，使用以下命令检查 puppetmaster 证书的 CN
# puppet cert list --all
并将任何名称/ALT 名称与 /etc/hosts 中的条目匹配。
答案2
讨论中提到的一件事这里之前没有提到的是，有时端口可能会出现异常。在我的情况下，尽管在 iptables 中打开了端口 8140，但我还是收到无法连接的错误。对我有帮助的是以下命令：
iptables -F
service service iptables save
当然，sudo如果上述命令对用户失败，请使用。我甚至在盒子的配置脚本中添加了上述两个命令，这样如果我停止/重新创建盒子 - iptables 就会被刷新。
答案3
我遇到了同样的问题并通过一些不同的调整解决了它。
同样的错误：
[root@puppetclient puppet]# puppet agent --server yogesh.puppet.com
--no-daemonize --verbose Error: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2) for "yogesh.puppet.com" port 8140 Error: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2) for "yogesh.puppet.com" port 8140 Error: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2) for "yogesh.puppet.com" port 8140 Error: Could not request certificate: Connection refused - connect(2) for "yogesh.puppet.com" port 8140
我尝试了 Iptables、端口、防火墙、代理重新安装（不是主程序）。然后我开始进一步查看，并在日志文件中发现了以下内容：
I, [2016-04-27T23:21:55.118997 #1745] INFO -- : activemq.rb:139:in `on_ssl_connecting' Establishing SSL session with stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613
E, [2016-04-27T23:21:55.131678 #1745] ERROR -- : activemq.rb:149:in `on_ssl_connectfail' SSL session creation with stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613 failed: SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey: key values mismatch
I, [2016-04-27T23:21:55.132438 #1745] INFO -- : activemq.rb:129:in `on_connectfail' TCP Connection to stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613 failed on attempt 36
I, [2016-04-27T23:22:25.141892 #1745] INFO -- : activemq.rb:139:in `on_ssl_connecting' Establishing SSL session with stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613
E, [2016-04-27T23:22:25.144644 #1745] ERROR -- : activemq.rb:149:in `on_ssl_connectfail' SSL session creation with stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613 failed: SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey: key values mismatch
I, [2016-04-27T23:22:25.144836 #1745] INFO -- : activemq.rb:129:in `on_connectfail' TCP Connection to stomp+ssl://[email protected]:61613 failed on attempt 37
这向我表明主服务器上存在证书。我重新创建了主密钥，它对我有用。
注意：这是我唯一的测试环境，不要直接在生产环境中使用它。
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]# puppet cert clean "yogesh.puppet.com"
Notice: Revoked certificate with serial 11
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/certs/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/certificate_requests/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Key yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/private_keys/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]# puppet cert generate yogesh.puppet.com
Notice: yogesh.puppet.com has a waiting certificate request
Notice: Signed certificate request for yogesh.puppet.com
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest yogesh.puppet.com at '/etc/puppetlabs/puppet/ssl/certificate_requests/yogesh.puppet.com.pem'
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]# ./pe-puppetserver start
Starting pe-puppetserver: [ OK ]
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]#
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]#
[root@YogeshRaheja init.d]# netstat -an | grep -i listen
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::4433 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::8081 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::5432 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::42632 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::8140 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::61613 :::* LISTEN
并解决了客户端连接问题。