我有一台新电脑，磁盘空间充足。里面有一个固态启动盘和一个普通磁盘，我把文件放在那里。
因此，主要发生的事情是，在过去的几周里，每当我尝试安装更新或从软件中心下载时，我都会得到更新这以及软件这。
有人知道这个问题是怎么回事吗？
我最近确实用 My Unity 更改了显示器上的某些设置，几周前我终于弄清楚了如何通过执行以下操作来访问大硬盘sudo chown user /mnt/data0。我还禁用了全局菜单。这可能是导致问题的原因。顺便说一句，我还遇到了一些问题，视频卡无法保存我的设置，因此每次打开计算机时我都必须重置它们，尽管在最初几周它们被保存了。
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (3.2.0-39.62) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47); however:
Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-generic
initramfs-tools
此时，我们收到一个弹出窗口，上面写着：
Low Disk Space
The volume "boot" has only 0 bytes disk space remaining. You can free up disk space by removing unused programs or files, or by moving files to another disk or partition.
这对我们来说真的没有意义。当我们查看文件系统时，我们很难确定我们正在查看哪个驱动器，但是当我们查看已加书签的驱动器/我们认为是固态驱动器然后进入启动时，我们看到的文件并不多，而且文件也不是很大——肯定不是 120 GB。
关于驱动器：大约一个月前，我们购买电脑时，让公司安装了 Ubuntu。他们按照我们的要求将 120 GB 的固态驱动器设为启动驱动器。3 T 驱动器似乎已安装，但安装 Ubuntu 的人没有让我们看到 3 TB 驱动器，我们被拒绝查看它，直到我使用我在上面的原始消息中提到的修复程序，以便能够保存到驱动器。（但我似乎仍然被拒绝查看“失物招领”文件夹。）然后，我将我保存在固态驱动器上的文件复制到 3 T 驱动器，并删除我从固态驱动器保存的文件以释放空间。固态驱动器上仍然有很多空间（当然另一个也是如此）。
据我们所知，收到错误消息的软件和更新似乎确实已安装（我不知道是否正确），但每次都会生成很长的错误消息。它是否试图安装到两个磁盘或类似的东西，并生成错误消息，因为 3 T 驱动器未正确安装/挂载？
对于我们表现出的无知，我们深表歉意。我正在努力学习所有这些，但仍然不太了解文件系统，而且我肯定是 Ubuntu 新手。
2013 年 4 月 12 日更新：嗨，Nikki。非常感谢您帮助我们。好吧，我们终于能够尝试执行这些步骤，但失败了。我们得到了以下内容（我不得不删除其中的一些内容以使其适合此消息）：
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
user@ubuntu:~$ uname -r
3.2.0-38-generic
user@ubuntu:~$ dpkg --list | grep linux-image
ii linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic 3.2.0-29.46 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic 3.2.0-37.58 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic 3.2.0-38.61 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic 3.2.0-39.62 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic 3.2.0-40.64 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-generic 3.2.0.39.47 Generic Linux kernel image
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic'
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.29-generic'
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic'
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.37-generic'
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic'
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.39-generic'
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic'
Note, selecting 'linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic-pae' for regex 'linux-image-3.2.0.40-generic'
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get purge linux-image-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo update-grub2
Generating grub.cfg ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-38-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-37-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic
done
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic (3.2.0-40.64) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-40-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-40-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47); however:
Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.40.48.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (3.2.0-39.62) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-40-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-39-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-39-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-39-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic
linux-generic
linux-image-3.2.0-39-generic
linux-image-generic
initramfs-tools
user@ubuntu:~$
NIKKI：DF 命令的输出和您的最后一个命令：
user@ubuntu:~$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 19222656 5545404 12700716 31% /
devtmpfs 16425020 8 16425012 1% /dev
none 3291972 996 3290976 1% /run
none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock
none 16459852 736 16459116 1% /run/shm
/dev/sda1 90195 89356 0 100% /boot
/dev/sda5 88370448 33795068 50086420 41% /home
/dev/sdb1 2884283608 184345072 2553425284 7% /mnt/data0
/dev/sdc1 488145616 404062976 84082640 83% /media/KAREN_~1DRI
user@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
[sudo] password for user:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.39.47) but 3.2.0.40.48 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
答案1
在你的 pastebin 中我注意到它说
软件包 linux-image-generic 尚未配置。
尝试这样做然后升级
sudo dpkg--configure-a
sudo apt-get 安装 -f
sudo apt-get 更新 && sudo apt-get 升级
继续：
似乎空间不够了。你试过跑
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoremove
然后我建议你通过执行来检查你现在正在运行哪个内核
uname -r
记住它，然后检查你安装的所有内核
dpkg --list | grep linux-image
然后删除除您正在运行的内核之外的所有其他内核。
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-x.x.x.x-generic
删除所有运行后
sudo update-grub2
最后，重复上述步骤，配置内核
更新日期：2013/4/13
再次问好，不用担心，我们还有很多方法可以尝试解决这个问题。你能给我df终端命令的输出吗？也可以尝试在终端中运行此命令，看看它是否能够删除“不需要的内核”
dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
答案2
我在笔记本电脑上解决问题的方法：
- 使用之前的内核映像 linux-image-3.2.0-39 启动你的笔记本电脑
- 卸载最新内核：
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic - 卸载旧版内核：图像
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-35-generic - 更新系统：
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade - 更新引导加载程序：
update-grub2