我搜索过，但在这个网站上没有找到任何相关内容。如果你知道一些，请告诉我 - 我所看到的问题有不同的症状。所以，说到点子上了...
我使用 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 很长时间了，后来换成了 Ubuntu Gnome Shell 等。最近我想换成 Ubuntu 13.04，结果发现一个以前似乎出现过的问题，但出现的频率似乎是随机的。现在我根本无法启动 Ubuntu 软件中心。
当我运行控制台时，我看到：
$ software-center
(process:22270): Gtk-WARNING **: Locale not supported by C library.
Using the fallback 'C' locale.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 36, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import (
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 47, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases SafeConfigParser, object
我希望遵循这些想法（来源）可能会有帮助：
$ sudo apt-get purge software-center
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install software-center
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure software-center --force
不是：
$ sudo apt-get purge software-center
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
software-center-aptdaemon-plugins
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove it.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
software-center*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
(Reading database ... 269627 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing software-center ...
Purging configuration files for software-center ...
rmdir: failed to remove `/var/cache/software-center/xapian/': No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing software-center (--purge):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
software-center
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我做错了什么？如何摆脱导致错误的 Ubuntu 软件中心并安装不存在该错误的版本？
或者也许问题出在我的 Python 解释器上？
$ python --version
Python 2.7.3
我相信 Ubuntu 正在逐渐转向仅适用于 Python 3.x 的工具，但这是原因吗？
谢谢你所有的建议。我坚信这对其他人也可能有帮助。
更新1：
第一次更新从 12.04 升级到 12.10，我没有注意到它没有达到 13.04。我一注意到，就从 12.10 升级到 13.04。但问题并没有消失。
我也这么做了thefourye 问道：
$ sudo locale-gen
Generating locales...
en_US.UTF-8... up-to-date
Generation complete.
这是尝试清除的结果：
$ sudo apt-get purge software-center
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
python-oneconf software-center-aptdaemon-plugins
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
software-center*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
(Reading database ... 279036 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing software-center ...
Purging configuration files for software-center ...
rmdir: failed to remove ‘/var/cache/software-center/xapian/’: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing software-center (--purge):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
software-center
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
更新2：
另一个调试信息（nickguletskii 请求)：
$ cat /etc/environment
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"
和
$ sudo apt-get install language-pack-en
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
firefox-locale-en language-pack-en-base
The following NEW packages will be installed:
firefox-locale-en language-pack-en language-pack-en-base
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,372 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4,874 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ raring-security/main firefox-locale-en amd64 21.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.2 [549 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ raring/main language-pack-en-base all 1:13.04+20130418 [822 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ raring/main language-pack-en all 1:13.04+20130418 [1,968 B]
Fetched 1,372 kB in 2s (521 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package language-pack-en-base.
(Reading database ... 279503 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking language-pack-en-base (from .../language-pack-en-base_1%3a13.04+20130418_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package language-pack-en.
Unpacking language-pack-en (from .../language-pack-en_1%3a13.04+20130418_all.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package firefox-locale-en.
Unpacking firefox-locale-en (from .../firefox-locale-en_21.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.2_amd64.deb) ...
Processing triggers for software-center ...
ERROR:root:DebFileApplication import
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
from debfile import DebFileApplication, DebFileOpenError
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/debfile.py", line 25, in <module>
from softwarecenter.db.application import Application, AppDetails
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/application.py", line 28, in <module>
import softwarecenter.distro
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/distro/__init__.py", line 26, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import UnimplementedError, utf8
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/sbin/update-software-center", line 38, in <module>
from softwarecenter.db.update import rebuild_database
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/update.py", line 33, in <module>
from softwarecenter.backend.scagent import SoftwareCenterAgent
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/backend/scagent.py", line 28, in <module>
from softwarecenter.distro import get_distro, get_current_arch
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/distro/__init__.py", line 26, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import UnimplementedError, utf8
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
Setting up firefox-locale-en (21.0+build2-0ubuntu0.13.04.2) ...
Setting up language-pack-en (1:13.04+20130418) ...
Setting up language-pack-en-base (1:13.04+20130418) ...
Generating locales...
en_AG.UTF-8... done
en_AU.UTF-8... done
en_BW.UTF-8... done
en_CA.UTF-8... done
en_DK.UTF-8... done
en_GB.UTF-8... done
en_HK.UTF-8... done
en_IE.UTF-8... done
en_IN.UTF-8... done
en_NG.UTF-8... done
en_NZ.UTF-8... done
en_PH.UTF-8... done
en_SG.UTF-8... done
en_US.UTF-8... up-to-date
en_ZA.UTF-8... done
en_ZM.UTF-8... done
en_ZW.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
更新3：
关注后nickguletskii 的建议我得到这个：
$ cat /etc/environment
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en_US:en"
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
$ software-center
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 36, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import (
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
$ sudo apt-get purge software-center
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
software-center*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 3,588 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
(Reading database ... 280103 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing software-center ...
Purging configuration files for software-center ...
rmdir: failed to remove ‘/var/cache/software-center/xapian/’: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing software-center (--purge):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
software-center
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
$ sudo apt-get install software-center
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
software-center
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/442 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,588 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package software-center.
(Reading database ... 279639 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking software-center (from .../software-center_5.6.0-0ubuntu3_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme ...
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus ...
Setting up software-center (5.6.0-0ubuntu3) ...
ERROR:root:DebFileApplication import
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
from debfile import DebFileApplication, DebFileOpenError
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/debfile.py", line 25, in <module>
from softwarecenter.db.application import Application, AppDetails
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/application.py", line 28, in <module>
import softwarecenter.distro
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/distro/__init__.py", line 26, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import UnimplementedError, utf8
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/sbin/update-software-center", line 38, in <module>
from softwarecenter.db.update import rebuild_database
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/update.py", line 33, in <module>
from softwarecenter.backend.scagent import SoftwareCenterAgent
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/backend/scagent.py", line 28, in <module>
from softwarecenter.distro import get_distro, get_current_arch
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/distro/__init__.py", line 26, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import UnimplementedError, utf8
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
$ software-center
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 36, in <module>
from softwarecenter.utils import (
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/utils.py", line 48, in <module>
from config import get_config
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/config.py", line 33, in <module>
class SoftwareCenterConfig(object, SafeConfigParser):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.py", line 87, in __new__
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases object, SafeConfigParser
看似与语言环境相关的错误消失了，但我仍然无法运行 Ubuntu 软件中心，即使尝试重新安装它之后也是如此。
更新4：
后重新安装一些 Python 的东西并纠正了基类的顺序SoftwareCenterConfig，我得到了这个：
$ software-center
2013-06-09 14:24:06,002 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - setting up proxy 'None'
2013-06-09 14:24:06,283 - softwarecenter.fixme - WARNING - logs to the root logger: '('/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/dbus/proxies.py', 410, '_introspect_error_handler')'
2013-06-09 14:24:06,283 - dbus.proxies - ERROR - Introspect error on com.ubuntu.sso:/com/ubuntu/sso/credentials: dbus.exceptions.DBusException: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ChildExited: Process /usr/lib/ubuntu-sso-client/ubuntu-sso-login exited with status 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 130, in <module>
app = SoftwareCenterAppGtk3(options, args)
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 338, in __init__
self.icons)
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/session/appmanager.py", line 66, in __init__
self.oauth_token = helper.find_oauth_token_sync()
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/backend/ubuntusso.py", line 141, in find_oauth_token_sync
sso.find_credentials()
File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/backend/login_impl/login_sso.py", line 75, in find_credentials
self.proxy.find_credentials(self.appname, self._get_params())
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/dbus/proxies.py", line 70, in __call__
return self._proxy_method(*args, **keywords)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/dbus/proxies.py", line 145, in __call__
**keywords)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/dbus/connection.py", line 651, in call_blocking
message, timeout)
dbus.exceptions.DBusException: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ChildExited: Process /usr/lib/ubuntu-sso-client/ubuntu-sso-login exited with status 1
答案1
总结：
下面为我修复了这个问题：
sudo chmod -r 755 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/
和
sudo reboot
我的调试路径
我在使用 ubuntuone 和 software-centre 时遇到了同样的问题。以下是我为进一步调试此问题所采取的步骤：
U1_DEBUG=True /usr/lib/ubuntu-sso-client/ubuntu-sso-login
输出结果如下：
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/ubuntu-sso-client/ubuntu-sso-login", line 67, in <module>
from ubuntu_sso.main import main
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client/ubuntu_sso/main/__init__.py", line 39, in <module>
from twisted.internet import defer
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/__init__.py", line 53, in <module>
_checkRequirements()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/__init__.py", line 40, in _checkRequirements
raise ImportError(required + ".")
ImportError: Twisted requires zope.interface 3.6.0 or later.
然后我安装了 zope.interface：
sudo easy_install zope.interface
我在python解释器中尝试过：
>>> import zope.interface
并在 Python 包中收到一些“权限被拒绝”错误：
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/httplib2-0.8-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/top_level.txt'IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/httplib2-0.8-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/top_level.txt'
之后我决定更改该文件的访问权限：
sudo chmod -r 755 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/
这导致 Ubuntu One 的 GUI 弹出并尝试同步。之后只会在弹出窗口中收到 dBus 异常。至少 GUI 开始工作了……
对于软件中心，我在终端中运行了以下命令：
software-center --debug
得到了更多相同的 dBus 异常，并通过谷歌搜索该问题，我发现重新启动足以让由于超时触发的异常消失。
答案2
您的文件似乎/etc/environment未包含语言设置。您需要将以下几行附加到/etc/environment：
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en_US:en"
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
然后重新启动。只需按sudo nano /etc/environment，End，Ctrl + Shift + V，Ctrl + X，Y。