有人建议我在这里发布有关我的 Phoenix BIOS 在安装 Ubuntu 13.04 后无法从 HDD 识别（因此无法从 HDD 启动）的信息。
我已将启动修复工具的内容粘贴在下面，它似乎知道如何修复 HDD 的 MBR，但它仍然未在 BIOS 中显示并且无法加载操作系统。
我还意识到我甚至无法从 13.04 实时 CD 启动，这有关联吗？
任何帮助将不胜感激。
=====================================
Boot Info Script e7fc706 + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info 3June2013]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
in partition 94 for .
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00)
Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda1
and looks at sector 96990360 of the same hard drive
for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
in partition 94 for .
Operating System: Ubuntu 13.04
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
/boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 80.1 GB, 80060424192 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9733 cylinders, total 156368016 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 151,554,047 151,552,000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 151,554,048 156,366,847 4,812,800 82 Linux swap / Solaris
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/loop0 squashfs
/dev/sda1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520 ext4
/dev/sda2 ffc7825d-ed7e-4fda-ae65-ffb0a12c7b09 swap
/dev/sr0 iso9660 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS i386
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime)
/dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime)
=========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then
set timeout=10
else
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
if background_color 44,0,30; then
clear
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
}
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic root=UUID=a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520' {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-19-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.8.0-19-generic-advanced-a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.8.0-19-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic root=UUID=a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-19-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.8.0-19-generic-recovery-a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.8.0-19-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic root=UUID=a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=============================== sda1/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=ffc7825d-ed7e-4fda-ae65-ffb0a12c7b09 none swap sw 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
38.135612488 = 40.947802112 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
38.139686584 = 40.952176640 boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img 1
38.134609222 = 40.946724864 boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic 1
38.134609222 = 40.946724864 vmlinuz 1
1.195560455 = 1.283723264 boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic 2
1.195560455 = 1.283723264 initrd.img 2
=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================
cat: write error: Broken pipe
cat: write error: Broken pipe
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION :
=================== log of boot-repair 2013-07-28__09h35 ===================
boot-repair version : 3.199~ppa6~precise
boot-sav version : 3.199~ppa6~precise
glade2script version : 3.2.2~ppa45~precise
boot-sav-extra version : 3.199~ppa6~precise
boot-repair is executed in live-session (Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, precise, Ubuntu, i686)
ls: cannot access /home/usr/.config: No such file or directory
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit
file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash -- maybe-ubiquity
=================== os-prober:
/dev/sda1:Ubuntu 13.04 (13.04):Ubuntu:linux
=================== blkid:
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sr0: LABEL="Ubuntu 12.04 LTS i386" TYPE="iso9660"
/dev/sda1: UUID="a9c996a1-b93b-4ae0-bb25-c74083240520" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda2: UUID="ffc7825d-ed7e-4fda-ae65-ffb0a12c7b09" TYPE="swap"
1 disks with OS, 1 OS : 1 Linux, 0 MacOS, 0 Windows, 0 unknown type OS.
=================== sda1/etc/default/grub :
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
=================== sda1/etc/grub.d/ :
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 24 17:06 grub.d
total 72
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7541 Apr 9 09:28 00_header
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5974 Apr 9 08:53 05_debian_theme
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11381 Apr 9 09:28 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10258 Apr 9 09:28 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1688 Dec 5 2012 20_memtest86+
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10976 Apr 9 09:28 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1426 Apr 9 09:28 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Apr 9 09:28 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 216 Apr 9 09:28 41_custom
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Apr 9 09:28 README
=================== UEFI/Legacy mode:
This live-session is not EFI-compatible.
SecureBoot maybe enabled.
=================== PARTITIONS & DISKS:
sda1 : sda, not-sepboot, grubenv-ok grub2, grub-pc , update-grub, 32, with-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, fstab-without-boot, fstab-without-efi, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, apt-get, grub-install, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda1.
sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
=================== parted -l:
Model: ATA SAMSUNG SV8004H (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 80.1GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 77.6GB 77.6GB primary ext4 boot
2 77.6GB 80.1GB 2464MB primary linux-swap(v1)
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0
has been opened read-only.
Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!
=================== parted -lm:
BYT;
/dev/sda:80.1GB:scsi:512:512:msdos:ATA SAMSUNG SV8004H;
1:1049kB:77.6GB:77.6GB:ext4::boot;
2:77.6GB:80.1GB:2464MB:linux-swap(v1)::;
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0
has been opened read-only.
Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!
=================== mount:
/cow on / type overlayfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
/dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/ubuntu/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 type ext4 (rw)
=================== ls:
/sys/block/sda (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sda1 sda2 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/sys/block/sr0 (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/dev (filtered): agpgart autofs block bsg btrfs-control bus cdrom cdrw char console core cpu cpu_dma_latency disk dmfm dmmidi dri dvd dvdrw ecryptfs fb0 fd full fuse hpet input kmsg log lp0 mapper mcelog mem midi net network_latency network_throughput null oldmem parport0 port ppp psaux ptmx pts random rfkill rtc rtc0 sda sda1 sda2 sg0 sg1 shm snapshot snd sr0 stderr stdin stdout uinput urandom usbmon0 usbmon1 usbmon2 usbmon3 usbmon4 usbmon5 usbmon6 usbmon7 vga_arbiter zero
ls /dev/mapper: control
=================== df -Th:
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/cow overlayfs 1007M 427M 581M 43% /
udev devtmpfs 999M 12K 999M 1% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 403M 780K 402M 1% /run
/dev/sr0 iso9660 702M 702M 0 100% /cdrom
/dev/loop0 squashfs 673M 673M 0 100% /rofs
tmpfs tmpfs 1007M 612K 1006M 1% /tmp
none tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
none tmpfs 1007M 76K 1007M 1% /run/shm
/dev/sda1 ext4 73G 4.1G 65G 6% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
=================== fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 80.1 GB, 80060424192 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9733 cylinders, total 156368016 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00074457
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 151554047 75776000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 151554048 156366847 2406400 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition outside the disk detected.
=================== Recommended repair
Recommended-Repair
This setting will reinstall the grub2 of sda1 into the MBR of sda.
Additional repair will be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s
Unhide GRUB boot menu in sda1/etc/default/grub
grub-install (GRUB) 2.00-13ubuntu3,grub-install (GRUB) 2.
Reinstall the GRUB of sda1 into the MBR of sda
Installation finished. No error reported.
grub-install /dev/sda: exit code of grub-install /dev/sda:0
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 update-grub
Generating grub.cfg ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
Unhide GRUB boot menu in sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg
Boot successfully repaired.
You can now reboot your computer.
pastebinit packages needed
W: Failed to fetch cdrom://Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20120423)/dists/precise/main/binary-i386/Packages Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD-ROM recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs
W: Failed to fetch cdrom://Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20120423)/dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/Packages Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD-ROM recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
Could not install pastebinit
Please install the [pastebinit ] packages. Then try again.
答案1
通过 BIOS 操作查找硬盘中嵌入的驱动器 Sr0。Sr0 是一个环回设备，如果我没记错的话，它会使用您的 DVD 或 CD 作为缓存设备。它可能会损坏硬盘，使其无法正确格式化
答案2
刷新 BIOS
在现代 PC 中，BIOS 存储在可重写内存中，允许替换或“重写”内容。这种内容重写有时称为刷新。这可以通过特殊程序完成，通常由系统制造商提供，或在 POST 时使用硬盘或 USB 闪存驱动器中的 BIOS 映像完成。包含此类内容的文件有时称为“BIOS 映像”。BIOS 可能会被刷新，以便升级到较新的版本以修复错误或提供改进的性能或支持较新的硬件，或者可能需要刷新操作来修复损坏的 BIOS。— Via维基百科
如果我理解正确的话，你应该能够访问你的计算机 manfac 网站并将 BIOS 更新保存到跳转驱动器并刷新 BIOS，除非所讨论的系统足够旧以具有 EEPROM（从你的描述来看令人怀疑，我很高兴 dip 开关也消失了）
尽管您可以尝试运行 freedos，安装fdisk并查看当您尝试编写新操作系统时分区是否出现问题，fdisk但当窗口在分区拆分期间停滞时，freedos 允许我重写我的分区，让我的 BIOS 识别并安装 Ubuntu，从而保存我的系统！