在新笔记本电脑上设置好几乎所有我想要的东西后,仍然有一件小事我无法完成,这真的让我很烦恼:我想在关机时运行一个脚本,这样启动/重启时的音量几乎是静音的。以下是我所做的:
我有一个像这样的 sh 脚本
#!/bin/sh
amixer -D pulse sset Master 20%
放置在 /etc/init.d/K99_set_volume.sh 中并已使用
ln -s /etc/init.d/K99_set_volume.sh /etc/rc0.d/K99_set_volume.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/K99_set_volume.sh /etc/rc6.d/K99_set_volume.sh
建立正确的链接。不幸的是,启动时的音量与上一个会话的音量相同。我尝试在降低音量后明确在脚本中插入一行“alsactl store”,但没有效果。该脚本是可执行的,在终端中运行时可以工作,并且音量确实已设置/var/lib/alsa/asound.state
。此外,脚本在关机时运行,我检查过。不过,我不知道数字 99 是否正确。
我知道有一些关于该主题的帖子,但我真的很想找到一个在关机/启动时使用脚本的解决方案,而且我读过的帖子建议我做的事情与我做的差不多?
pacmd list-sinks 的完整输出是
2 sink(s) available.
index: 0
name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo
driver: module-alsa-card.c
flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9950
volume: 0: 20% 1: 20%
0: -41,94 dB 1: -41,94 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 100%
0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: yes
current latency: 0,00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
card: 0 alsa_card.pci-0000_00_03.0
module: 5
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "HDMI 0"
alsa.id = "HDMI 0"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "3"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI at 0xf7d1c000 irq 61"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:03.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "0a0c"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "hdmi:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
alsa.mixer_name = "Intel Haswell HDMI"
alsa.components = "HDA:80862807,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
active port: hdmi-output-0
index: 1
name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
driver: module-alsa-card.c
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9959
volume: 0: 20% 1: 20%
0: -41,94 dB 1: -41,94 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 100%
0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0,00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 1
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
card: 1 alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0
module: 6
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "CX20751/2 Analog"
alsa.id = "CX20751/2 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7d18000 irq 60"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "9c20"
device.product.name = "Lynx Point-LP HD Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:1"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Conexant CX20751/2"
alsa.components = "HDA:14f1510f,104315dd,00100100"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: analog-output-speaker
答案1
问题是,pulseaudio 是设置音量的那个,而不是 ALSA。如果你真的想修改音量,我建议你改用pactl
:
pactl set-sink-volume 0 20%
并且只在启动时执行此操作。我更希望您等到 pulseaudio 启动。为此最好使用 upstart,因为它是基于事件的初始化。为此,只需setvolume.conf
在目录中创建文件/etc/init
,并用以下内容填充它:
start on started pulseaudio
setgid username
setuid username
script
exec pactl set-sink-volume 0 20%
end script
这将确保 pulseaudio 启动后将具有用户所需的音量。
答案2
经过几个小时的试验,阅读了许多笔记,我找到了解决方案的一部分本网站。所以,我知道这个简单的任务不需要脚本,而且我也知道脚本systemctl --user
就足够了。测试平台:Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
设置关机和重启时的音量
设备:pacmd list-sinks
用途:pactl info
man pactl
man systemd
pactl
- 控制正在运行的 PulseAudio 声音服务器,
pactl
可用于向 PulseAudio 声音服务器发出控制命令。
测试在终端:
pactl set-sink-volume 0 20%
pactl set-sink-volume 0 80%
在你的主目录中创建文件:nano ~/.config/systemd/user/setvolume.service
[Unit]
Description=Set the volume at shut down and reboot to desired value
[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/usr/bin/pactl set-sink-volume 0 40%
[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
测试:
systemctl --user daemon-reload
systemctl --user stop setvolume
systemctl --user start setvolume
systemctl --user restart setvolume
systemctl --user enable setvolume enable and start the systemd user service:
故障排除:
journalctl -xe
systemctl --user status setvolume.service