我正在使用“ubuntu/trusty64”框通过 Vagrant 在虚拟机中运行 Ubuntu。根据https://vagrantcloud.com/，这个盒子运行着 Ubuntu 的“云映像”。
我遇到了一些私人代码的问题，作为调试过程的一部分，我想确切地知道图像上有什么包，特别是云图像与 Ubuntu 服务器和 Ubuntu 桌面有何不同。
到目前为止，我的研究已经发现了博客文章从它首次发布时起，它就声称该镜像“相当普通”，没有进一步的细节。我还提出了以下问题，与我的问题类似，但从未得到回答。那么，Ubuntu Cloud Image 和 Ubuntu 服务器之间有什么区别？
答案1
这清单文件云镜像包含云镜像上安装的所有软件包的列表：
accountsservice 0.6.35-0ubuntu7.3
acpid 1:2.0.21-1ubuntu2
adduser 3.113+nmu3ubuntu3
apparmor 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
apport 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
apport-symptoms 0.20
apt 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-transport-https 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-utils 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-xapian-index 0.45ubuntu4
aptitude 0.6.8.2-1ubuntu4
aptitude-common 0.6.8.2-1ubuntu4
at 3.1.14-1ubuntu1
base-files 7.2ubuntu5.5
base-passwd 3.5.33
bash 4.3-7ubuntu1.5
bash-completion 1:2.1-4ubuntu0.2
bc 1.06.95-8ubuntu1
bind9-host 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
bsdmainutils 9.0.5ubuntu1
bsdutils 1:2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
busybox-initramfs 1:1.21.0-1ubuntu1
busybox-static 1:1.21.0-1ubuntu1
byobu 5.77-0ubuntu1.2
bzip2 1.0.6-5
ca-certificates 20160104ubuntu0.14.04.1
cloud-guest-utils 0.27-0ubuntu9.2
cloud-init 0.7.5-0ubuntu1.20
command-not-found 0.3ubuntu12
command-not-found-data 0.3ubuntu12
console-setup 1.70ubuntu8
coreutils 8.21-1ubuntu5.4
cpio 2.11+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2
cron 3.0pl1-124ubuntu2
cryptsetup 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
cryptsetup-bin 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
curl 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
dash 0.5.7-4ubuntu1
dbus 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.4
debconf 1.5.51ubuntu2
debconf-i18n 1.5.51ubuntu2
debianutils 4.4
dh-python 1.20140128-1ubuntu8.2
diffutils 1:3.3-1
dmidecode 2.12-2
dmsetup 2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2
dnsutils 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
dosfstools 3.0.26-1ubuntu0.1
dpkg 1.17.5ubuntu5.7
e2fslibs:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
e2fsprogs 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
eatmydata 26-2
ed 1.9-2
eject 2.1.5+deb1+cvs20081104-13.1
ethtool 1:3.13-1
file 1:5.14-2ubuntu3.3
findutils 4.4.2-7
fonts-ubuntu-font-family-console 0.80-0ubuntu6
friendly-recovery 0.2.25
ftp 0.17-28
fuse 2.9.2-4ubuntu4.14.04.1
gawk 1:4.0.1+dfsg-2.1ubuntu2
gcc-4.8-base:i386 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3
gcc-4.9-base:i386 4.9.3-0ubuntu4
gdisk 0.8.8-1ubuntu0.1
geoip-database 20140313-1
gettext-base 0.18.3.1-1ubuntu3
gir1.2-glib-2.0 1.40.0-1ubuntu0.2
gnupg 1.4.16-1ubuntu2.4
gpgv 1.4.16-1ubuntu2.4
grep 2.16-1
groff-base 1.22.2-5
grub-common 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub-gfxpayload-lists 0.6
grub-legacy-ec2 0.7.5-0ubuntu1.20
grub-pc 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub-pc-bin 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub2-common 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
gzip 1.6-3ubuntu1
hdparm 9.43-1ubuntu3
hostname 3.15ubuntu1
ifupdown 0.7.47.2ubuntu4.4
info 5.2.0.dfsg.1-2
init-system-helpers 1.14
initramfs-tools 0.103ubuntu4.4
initramfs-tools-bin 0.103ubuntu4.4
initscripts 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
insserv 1.14.0-5ubuntu2
install-info 5.2.0.dfsg.1-2
iproute2 3.12.0-2ubuntu1
iptables 1.4.21-1ubuntu1
iputils-ping 3:20121221-4ubuntu1.1
iputils-tracepath 3:20121221-4ubuntu1.1
irqbalance 1.0.6-2ubuntu0.14.04.4
isc-dhcp-client 4.2.4-7ubuntu12.8
isc-dhcp-common 4.2.4-7ubuntu12.8
iso-codes 3.52-1
kbd 1.15.5-1ubuntu1
keyboard-configuration 1.70ubuntu8
klibc-utils 2.0.3-0ubuntu1.14.04.2
kmod 15-0ubuntu6
krb5-locales 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
landscape-client 14.12-0ubuntu0.14.04
landscape-common 14.12-0ubuntu0.14.04
language-selector-common 0.129.3
laptop-detect 0.13.7ubuntu2
less 458-2
libaccountsservice0:i386 0.6.35-0ubuntu7.3
libacl1:i386 2.2.52-1
libapparmor-perl 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
libapparmor1:i386 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
libapt-inst1.5:i386 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
libapt-pkg4.12:i386 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
libarchive-extract-perl 0.70-1
libasn1-8-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libasprintf0c2:i386 0.18.3.1-1ubuntu3
libattr1:i386 1:2.4.47-1ubuntu1
libaudit-common 1:2.3.2-2ubuntu1
libaudit1:i386 1:2.3.2-2ubuntu1
libbind9-90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libblkid1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libboost-iostreams1.54.0:i386 1.54.0-4ubuntu3.1
libbsd0:i386 0.6.0-2ubuntu1
libbz2-1.0:i386 1.0.6-5
libc-bin 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
libc6:i386 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
libcap-ng0 0.7.3-1ubuntu2
libcap2:i386 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libcap2-bin 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libcgmanager0:i386 0.24-0ubuntu7.5
libck-connector0:i386 0.4.5-3.1ubuntu2
libclass-accessor-perl 0.34-1
libcomerr2:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
libcryptsetup4 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
libcurl3:i386 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
libcurl3-gnutls:i386 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
libcwidget3 0.5.16-3.5ubuntu1
libdb5.3:i386 5.3.28-3ubuntu3
libdbus-1-3:i386 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.4
libdbus-glib-1-2:i386 0.100.2-1
libdebconfclient0:i386 0.187ubuntu1
libdevmapper1.02.1:i386 2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2
libdns100 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libdrm2:i386 2.4.67-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
libdumbnet1 1.12-4build1
libedit2:i386 3.1-20130712-2
libelf1:i386 0.158-0ubuntu5.2
libept1.4.12:i386 1.0.12
libestr0 0.1.9-0ubuntu2
libevent-2.0-5:i386 2.0.21-stable-1ubuntu1.14.04.1
libexpat1:i386 2.1.0-4ubuntu1.3
libffi6:i386 3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12ubuntu0.1
libfreetype6:i386 2.5.2-1ubuntu2.5
libfribidi0:i386 0.19.6-1
libfuse2:i386 2.9.2-4ubuntu4.14.04.1
libgc1c2:i386 1:7.2d-5ubuntu2
libgcc1:i386 1:4.9.3-0ubuntu4
libgck-1-0:i386 3.10.1-1
libgcr-3-common 3.10.1-1
libgcr-base-3-1:i386 3.10.1-1
libgcrypt11:i386 1.5.3-2ubuntu4.4
libgdbm3:i386 1.8.3-12build1
libgeoip1:i386 1.6.0-1
libgirepository-1.0-1 1.40.0-1ubuntu0.2
libglib2.0-0:i386 2.40.2-0ubuntu1
libglib2.0-data 2.40.2-0ubuntu1
libgnutls-openssl27:i386 2.12.23-12ubuntu2.5
libgnutls26:i386 2.12.23-12ubuntu2.5
libgpg-error0:i386 1.12-0.2ubuntu1
libgpm2:i386 1.20.4-6.1
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libheimbase1-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libicu52:i386 52.1-3ubuntu0.4
libidn11:i386 1.28-1ubuntu2.1
libio-string-perl 1.08-3
libisc95 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libisccc90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libisccfg90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libjson-c2:i386 0.11-3ubuntu1.2
libjson0:i386 0.11-3ubuntu1.2
libk5crypto3:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libkeyutils1:i386 1.5.6-1
libklibc 2.0.3-0ubuntu1.14.04.2
libkmod2:i386 15-0ubuntu6
libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libkrb5-3:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libkrb5support0:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libldap-2.4-2:i386 2.4.31-1+nmu2ubuntu8.3
liblocale-gettext-perl 1.05-7build3
liblockfile-bin 1.09-6ubuntu1
liblockfile1:i386 1.09-6ubuntu1
liblog-message-simple-perl 0.10-1
liblwres90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
liblzma5:i386 5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2
libmagic1:i386 1:5.14-2ubuntu3.3
libmodule-pluggable-perl 5.1-1
libmount1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libmpdec2:i386 2.4.0-6
libncurses5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libncursesw5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libnewt0.52:i386 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
libnfnetlink0:i386 1.0.1-2
libnih-dbus1:i386 1.0.3-4ubuntu25
libnih1:i386 1.0.3-4ubuntu25
libnuma1:i386 2.0.9~rc5-1ubuntu3.14.04.2
libp11-kit0:i386 0.20.2-2ubuntu2
libpam-cap:i386 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libpam-modules:i386 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-modules-bin 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-runtime 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-systemd:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libpam0g:i386 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libparse-debianchangelog-perl 1.2.0-1ubuntu1
libparted0debian1:i386 2.3-19ubuntu1.14.04.1
libpcap0.8:i386 1.5.3-2
libpci3:i386 1:3.2.1-1ubuntu5.1
libpcre3:i386 1:8.31-2ubuntu2.3
libpipeline1:i386 1.3.0-1
libplymouth2:i386 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
libpng12-0:i386 1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.2
libpod-latex-perl 0.61-1
libpolkit-agent-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpolkit-backend-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpolkit-gobject-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpopt0:i386 1.16-8ubuntu1
libprocps3:i386 1:3.3.9-1ubuntu2.2
libpython-stdlib:i386 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
libpython2.7:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython2.7-minimal:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython2.7-stdlib:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython3-stdlib:i386 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
libpython3.4-minimal:i386 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
libpython3.4-stdlib:i386 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
libreadline6:i386 6.3-4ubuntu2
libroken18-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
librtmp0:i386 2.4+20121230.gitdf6c518-1
libsasl2-2:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libsasl2-modules:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libsasl2-modules-db:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libselinux1:i386 2.2.2-1ubuntu0.1
libsemanage-common 2.2-1
libsemanage1:i386 2.2-1
libsepol1:i386 2.2-1ubuntu0.1
libsigc++-2.0-0c2a:i386 2.2.10-0.2ubuntu2
libsigsegv2:i386 2.10-2
libslang2:i386 2.2.4-15ubuntu1
libsqlite3-0:i386 3.8.2-1ubuntu2.1
libss2:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
libssl1.0.0:i386 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21
libstdc++6:i386 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3
libsub-name-perl 0.05-1build4
libsystemd-daemon0:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libsystemd-login0:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libtasn1-6:i386 3.4-3ubuntu0.4
libterm-ui-perl 0.42-1
libtext-charwidth-perl 0.04-7build3
libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-5build2
libtext-soundex-perl 3.4-1build1
libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-7
libtimedate-perl 2.3000-1
libtinfo5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libudev1:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libusb-0.1-4:i386 2:0.1.12-23.3ubuntu1
libusb-1.0-0:i386 2:1.0.17-1ubuntu2
libustr-1.0-1:i386 1.0.4-3ubuntu2
libuuid1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libwind0-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libwrap0:i386 7.6.q-25
libx11-6:i386 2:1.6.2-1ubuntu2
libx11-data 2:1.6.2-1ubuntu2
libxapian22 1.2.16-2ubuntu1
libxau6:i386 1:1.0.8-1
libxcb1:i386 1.10-2ubuntu1
libxdmcp6:i386 1:1.1.1-1
libxext6:i386 2:1.3.2-1ubuntu0.0.14.04.1
libxml2:i386 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.8
libxmuu1:i386 2:1.1.1-1
libxtables10 1.4.21-1ubuntu1
libyaml-0-2:i386 0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1
linux-headers-3.13.0-105 3.13.0-105.152
linux-headers-3.13.0-105-generic 3.13.0-105.152
linux-headers-generic 3.13.0.105.113
linux-headers-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
linux-image-3.13.0-105-generic 3.13.0-105.152
linux-image-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
linux-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
locales 2.13+git20120306-12.1
lockfile-progs 0.1.17
login 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu9.2
logrotate 3.8.7-1ubuntu1
lsb-base 4.1+Debian11ubuntu6.2
lsb-release 4.1+Debian11ubuntu6.2
lshw 02.16-2ubuntu1.3
lsof 4.86+dfsg-1ubuntu2
ltrace 0.7.3-4ubuntu5.1
makedev 2.3.1-93ubuntu1
man-db 2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1
manpages 3.54-1ubuntu1
mawk 1.3.3-17ubuntu2
mime-support 3.54ubuntu1.1
mlocate 0.26-1ubuntu1
module-init-tools 15-0ubuntu6
mount 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
mountall 2.53
mtr-tiny 0.85-2
multiarch-support 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
nano 2.2.6-1ubuntu1
ncurses-base 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
ncurses-bin 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
ncurses-term 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
net-tools 1.60-25ubuntu2.1
netbase 5.2
netcat-openbsd 1.105-7ubuntu1
ntfs-3g 1:2013.1.13AR.1-2ubuntu2
ntpdate 1:4.2.6.p5+dfsg-3ubuntu2.14.04.10
open-vm-tools 2:9.4.0-1280544-5ubuntu6.2
openssh-client 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssh-server 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssh-sftp-server 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssl 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21
os-prober 1.63ubuntu1.1
overlayroot 0.25ubuntu1.14.04.1
parted 2.3-19ubuntu1.14.04.1
passwd 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu9.2
patch 2.7.1-4ubuntu2.3
pciutils 1:3.2.1-1ubuntu5.1
perl 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
perl-base 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
perl-modules 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
plymouth 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
policykit-1 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
pollinate 4.23-0ubuntu1~14.04
popularity-contest 1.57ubuntu1
powermgmt-base 1.31build1
ppp 2.4.5-5.1ubuntu2.2
pppconfig 2.3.19ubuntu1
pppoeconf 1.20ubuntu1
procps 1:3.3.9-1ubuntu2.2
psmisc 22.20-1ubuntu2
python 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
python-apt 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python-apt-common 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python-chardet 2.0.1-2build2
python-cheetah 2.4.4-3.fakesyncbuild1
python-configobj 4.7.2+ds-5build1
python-debian 0.1.21+nmu2ubuntu2
python-gdbm 2.7.5-1ubuntu1
python-json-pointer 1.0-2build1
python-jsonpatch 1.3-4
python-minimal 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
python-oauth 1.0.1-3build2
python-openssl 0.13-2ubuntu6
python-pam 0.4.2-13.1ubuntu3
python-pkg-resources 3.3-1ubuntu2
python-prettytable 0.7.2-2ubuntu2
python-pycurl 7.19.3-0ubuntu3
python-requests 2.2.1-1ubuntu0.3
python-serial 2.6-1build1
python-six 1.5.2-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-bin 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-core 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-names 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-web 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-urllib3 1.7.1-1ubuntu4
python-xapian 1.2.16-2ubuntu1
python-yaml 3.10-4ubuntu0.1
python-zope.interface 4.0.5-1ubuntu4
python2.7 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
python2.7-minimal 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
python3 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
python3-apport 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
python3-apt 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python3-commandnotfound 0.3ubuntu12
python3-dbus 1.2.0-2build2
python3-distupgrade 1:0.220.8
python3-gdbm:i386 3.4.3-1~14.04.2
python3-gi 3.12.0-1ubuntu1
python3-minimal 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
python3-newt 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
python3-problem-report 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
python3-pycurl 7.19.3-0ubuntu3
python3-software-properties 0.92.37.7
python3-update-manager 1:0.196.22
python3.4 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
python3.4-minimal 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
readline-common 6.3-4ubuntu2
resolvconf 1.69ubuntu1.1
rsync 3.1.0-2ubuntu0.2
rsyslog 7.4.4-1ubuntu2.6
run-one 1.17-0ubuntu1
screen 4.1.0~20120320gitdb59704-9
sed 4.2.2-4ubuntu1
sensible-utils 0.0.9
sgml-base 1.26+nmu4ubuntu1
shared-mime-info 1.2-0ubuntu3
software-properties-common 0.92.37.7
ssh-import-id 3.21-0ubuntu1
strace 4.8-1ubuntu5
sudo 1.8.9p5-1ubuntu1.3
systemd-services 204-5ubuntu20.19
systemd-shim 6-2bzr1
sysv-rc 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
sysvinit-utils 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
tar 1.27.1-1ubuntu0.1
tasksel 2.88ubuntu15
tasksel-data 2.88ubuntu15
tcpd 7.6.q-25
tcpdump 4.5.1-2ubuntu1.2
telnet 0.17-36build2
time 1.7-24
tmux 1.8-5
tzdata 2016h-0ubuntu0.14.04
ubuntu-keyring 2012.05.19
ubuntu-minimal 1.325
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core 1:0.220.8
ubuntu-standard 1.325
ucf 3.0027+nmu1
udev 204-5ubuntu20.19
ufw 0.34~rc-0ubuntu2
unattended-upgrades 0.82.1ubuntu2.4
update-manager-core 1:0.196.22
update-notifier-common 0.154.1ubuntu2
upstart 1.12.1-0ubuntu4.2
ureadahead 0.100.0-16
usbutils 1:007-2ubuntu1.1
util-linux 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
uuid-runtime 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
vim 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-common 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-runtime 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-tiny 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
w3m 0.5.3-15
wget 1.15-1ubuntu1.14.04.2
whiptail 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
xauth 1:1.0.7-1ubuntu1
xkb-data 2.10.1-1ubuntu1
xml-core 0.13+nmu2
xz-utils 5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2
zerofree 1.0.2-1ubuntu1
zlib1g:i386 1:1.2.8.dfsg-1ubuntu1
它没有提到对任何设置的任何修改。
该文件位于这页面。我目前正在尝试查找服务器映像的清单，一旦我对两个文件进行比较，我就会编辑我的答案。