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有没有办法自动启动 CPULIMIT 以减少过多的 CPU 消耗

tag-icon • tag-icon 14.04 bash scripts overheating cpu-load
有没有办法自动启动 CPULIMIT 以减少过多的 CPU 消耗

tracker-miner-f、tracker-store、tracker-extract 和 dropbox 进程正在耗尽我的 CPU，它们使我的 CPU 以超过 100% 的速度运行，导致我的笔记本电脑过热。

我已经安装了 CPULIMIT，它可以很好地限制这些进程，但是，我无法让它自动启动。

我已经关注这但它不起作用，守护进程启动了，但我认为脚本创建时出现错误，它实际上并没有限制任何进程。

有没有一种方法可以减少 CPU 使用率，而不必每次开始新会话时都通过终端手动执行此操作？

Ubuntu 14.04

下面我发现的一个脚本只能部分运行并且不能正确检测 PID。

如果有人比我更了解，你可以检查一下这一行：

NEW_PIDS_COMMAND="top -b -n1 -c | grep -E '$BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST' | gawk '\$9>CPU_LIMIT {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT=$CPU_LIMIT"

它是否正确？

#!/bin/bash
# ==============================================================
# CPU limit daemon - set PID's max. percentage CPU consumptions
# ==============================================================

# Variables
CPU_LIMIT=40        # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by each PID
DAEMON_INTERVAL=3   # Daemon check interval in seconds
BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST="dropbox" # Limit only processes defined in this variable. If variable is empty (default) all violating processes are limited.
WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST=  # Limit all processes except processes defined in this variable. If variable is empty (default) all violating processes are limited.

#PID Variables
NEW_PIDS_COMMAND=       
NEW_PIDS=
LIMITED_PIDS=
QUEUE_PIDS=

# Check if both of the variables BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST or WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST are defined.
if [[ -n "$BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST" &&  -n "$WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST" ]]
then    
# If both variables are defined then error is produced.
   echo "At least one or both of the variables BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST or WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST must be empty."
   exit 1

# If Black_Processes_List is defined
elif [[ -n "$BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST" ]]
then  
# Set NEW_PIDS_COMMAND variable to below command
NEW_PIDS_COMMAND="top -b -n1 -c | grep -E '$BLACK_PROCESSES_LIST' | gawk '\$9>CPU_LIMIT {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT=$CPU_LIMIT"

# If White_Processes_List is defined
elif [[ -n "$WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST" ]]   
then                                 
# Set NEW_PIDS_COMMAND variable to below command
   NEW_PIDS_COMMAND="top -b -n1 -c | gawk 'NR>6' | grep -E -v '$WHITE_PROCESSES_LIST' | gawk '\$9>CPU_LIMIT {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT=$CPU_LIMIT"

else
   NEW_PIDS_COMMAND="top -b -n1 -c | gawk 'NR>6 && \$9>CPU_LIMIT {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT=$CPU_LIMIT"
fi

# Search and limit violating PIDs
while sleep $DAEMON_INTERVAL
do
   NEW_PIDS=$(eval "$NEW_PIDS_COMMAND")                                                                    # Violating PIDs
   LIMITED_PIDS=$(ps -eo args | gawk '$1=="cpulimit" {print $3}')                                          # Already limited PIDs
   QUEUE_PIDS=$(comm -23 <(echo "$NEW_PIDS" | sort -u) <(echo "$LIMITED_PIDS" | sort -u) | grep -v '^$')   # PIDs in queue

   for i in $QUEUE_PIDS
   do
       cpulimit -p $i -l $CPU_LIMIT -z &   # Limit new violating processes
   done
done

我只想将特定的应用程序列入黑名单，因此我将其改为：

#!/bin/bash
# CPU limit of a process
#
# Variables
CPU_LIMIT=50        # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by each PID 
                    # NOTE: If your machine has one processor you can limit the percentage from 0% to 100%, which means that if you set for example 50%, your process cannot use more than 500 ms of cpu time for each second. But if your machine has four processors, percentage may vary from 0% to 400%, so setting the limit to 200% means to use no more than half of the available power.
DAEMON_INTERVAL=3   # Daemon check interval in seconds
PROCESS_1="" # Processes to be limited. If variable is empty (default) all violating processes are limited.


if [ -n "$PROCESS_1" ] # Process_1 entered
then  

    PID_1="pidof $PROCESS_1" # Set NEW_PIDS_COMMAND variable to below command

echo "Limit Process of: $PROCESS_1"

    cpulimit --pid "$PID_1" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT" # Run cpulimit with selected paramters

else

   echo "All Processes limited to: $CPU_LIMIT"

   PID_1="top -b -n1 -c | gawk 'NR>6 && \$9>CPU_LIMIT {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT=$CPU_LIMIT" # Set global CPU limit
fi


# Search and limit violating PIDs
while sleep $DAEMON_INTERVAL
do
   NEW_PIDS=$(eval "$PID_1")                                                                    # Violating PIDs
   LIMITED_PIDS=$(ps -eo args | gawk '$1=="cpulimit" {print $3}')                                          # Already limited PIDs
   QUEUE_PIDS=$(comm -23 <(echo "$NEW_PIDS" | sort -u) <(echo "$LIMITED_PIDS" | sort -u) | grep -v '^$')   # PIDs in queue

   for i in $QUEUE_PIDS
   do
       cpulimit -p $i -l $CPU_LIMIT -z &   # Limit new violating processes
   done
done

这可行，但我该如何限制多个进程？目前只能限制一个进程或全部进程...谢谢

答案1

我意识到这个帖子有点老了；然而，有一个很多更简单的方法来实现您所述的目标。使用您似乎想要的流程和限制，您可以简单地创建一个 shell 脚本，例如：

#!/bin/bash

#Set this variable to the number of cores in your processor.  This example is for an 8-core CPU.  The reason that the number of cores is important is that you need to take it into consideration when setting cpulimit's -l option.  This is explained on the cpulimit project page (see http://cpulimit.sourceforge.net/):  "If your machine has one processor you can limit the percentage from 0% to 100%, which means that if you set for example 50%, your process cannot use more than 500 ms of cpu time for each second. But if your machine has four processors, percentage may vary from 0% to 400%, so setting the limit to 200% means to use no more than half of the available power."

NUM_CPU_CORES=8 #Change this number to reflect the number of cores in your processor.

cpulimit -e "dropbox" -l $((50 * $NUM_CPU_CORES))& #Limit "dropbox" process to 50% CPU usage.
cpulimit -e "tracker-miner-f" -l $((50 * $NUM_CPU_CORES))& #Limit "tracker-miner-f" process to 50% CPU usage.
cpulimit -e "tracker-store" -l $((50 * $NUM_CPU_CORES))& #Limit "tracker-store" process to 50% CPU usage.
cpulimit -e "tracker-extract" -l $((50 * $NUM_CPU_CORES))& #Limit "tracker-extract" process to 50% CPU usage.
cpulimit -e "chrome" -l $((40 * $NUM_CPU_CORES))& #Limit "chrome" process to 40% CPU usage.

使上述脚本可执行，并将其设置为自动运行，就像您对其他脚本所做的那样（删除其他脚本）。实际上，CPU限制它将停留在后台并监视指定的进程，一旦某个进程启动，CPU限制将接管控制并实现其指定的限制。当指定进程死亡或被终止时，CPU限制将观察它是否再次活跃，然后重复该过程。

答案2

如果您想在启动时自动启动该程序，您可以将其添加到启动应用程序中。有关更多信息，请参阅以下答案。

如何在登录时自动启动应用程序？

答案3

这是我为解决问题所做的事情：

sudo apt-get install cpulimit ; sudo apt-get install gawk ; sudo apt-get install top

然后我修改了一个脚本来适应：

    #!/bin/bash
    # CPU limit of a process
    #
    # Variables
    # NOTE: If your machine has one processor you can limit the percentage from 0% to 100%, which means that if you set for example 50%, your process cannot use more than 500 ms of cpu time for each second. But if your machine has four processors, percentage may vary from 0% to 400%, so setting the limit to 200% means to use no more than half of the available power.

    CPU_LIMIT_1=50    # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by PROCESS_1
    CPU_LIMIT_2=55    # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by PROCESS_2
    CPU_LIMIT_3=60    # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by PROCESS_3
    CPU_LIMIT_4=40    # Maximum percentage CPU consumption by PROCESS_4
    PROCESS_1="dropbox"  # Process 1 to be limited. If variable 1 is empty (default) all violating processes are limited.
    PROCESS_2="tracker-miner-f"   # Process 2 to be limited
    PROCESS_3="tracker-store"   # Process 3 to be limited
    PROCESS_4="tracker-extract"   # Process 4 to be limited
    PROCESS_5="chrome"   # Process 5 to be limited

    gnome-terminal -x top

    if [ -n "$PROCESS_1" ] || [ -n "$PROCESS_2" ] || [ -n "$PROCESS_3" ] || [ -n "$PROCESS_4" ] || [ -n "$PROCESS_5" ] ; then
      while true;
        do  
        echo "Limit the Process of: $PROCESS_1 to $CPU_LIMIT_1"
            cpulimit --exe "$PROCESS_1" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT_1"
            sleep 3 
        echo "Limit the Process of: $PROCESS_2 to $CPU_LIMIT_1"
            cpulimit --exe "$PROCESS_2" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT_1"
            sleep 3   
        echo "Limit the Process of: $PROCESS_3 to $CPU_LIMIT_1"
            cpulimit --exe "$PROCESS_3" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT_1"
            sleep 3  
        echo "Limit the Process of: $PROCESS_4 to $CPU_LIMIT_1"
            cpulimit --exe "$PROCESS_4" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT_1"
            sleep 3 
        echo "Limit the Process of: $PROCESS_5 to $CPU_LIMIT_3"
            cpulimit --exe "$PROCESS_5" -b -l "$CPU_LIMIT_4"
            sleep 60
     done       

    else
       echo "Process fields empty"
    fi
  exit 1

在我的主菜单中创建了一个名为“开始”的文件夹，并将脚本移动到那里。

我想在需要的时候运行它，因此我使用“menulibre”创建了一个启动器，并可以选择在终端中运行。

可能有更好的方法，但就目前而言，这是可行的...欢迎提供任何更好的解决方案！

谢谢

这也用于限制单个进程或全局进程：

#!/bin/bash
# CPU limit of a process of one application or set global limit
#
# 
DAEMON_INTERVAL=3   # Daemon check interval in seconds

 gnome-terminal -x top

read -p "Do you want to set global CPU limitations y or n : " y

if test "$y" = "y" ; then

    read -p "Enter Global CPU limit :" CPU_LIMIT_ALL 
    echo $'\nAll Processes shall be limited to:' $CPU_LIMIT_ALL 

 while true
      do
       PID_1="top -b -n1 -c | awk 'NR>6 && \$9>CPU_LIMIT_ALL {print \$1}' CPU_LIMIT_ALL=$CPU_LIMIT_ALL"       # Set global CPU limit reads TOP list 
       NEW_PIDS=$(eval "$PID_1")                                                                               # Violating PIDs
       LIMITED_PIDS=$(ps -eo args | gawk '$1=="cpulimit" {print $3}')       
                                          # Already limited PIDs                                                   
       QUEUE_PIDS=$(comm -23 <(echo "$NEW_PIDS" | sort -u) <(echo "$LIMITED_PIDS" | sort -u) | grep -v '^$')   # PIDs in queue

   for i in $QUEUE_PIDS
      do
       cpulimit -p "$i" -l "$CPU_LIMIT_ALL" -z &   # Limit new violating processe 
 done
done

elif test "$y" = "n" ; then

    read -p  "Enter process to be restricted or press enter :" r
    read -p  "Enter value of CPU limit or press enter :" l

   while true
    do
     echo $'\nProcess Entry Found' 
     echo $'CPU Entry Found\n'

     echo "Limit the Process of: $r to $l"  

     cpulimit --exe "$r" -b -l "$l" -z &                    # Set CPU limit for process
     sleep 60
 done

else
  echo "No input found" 
  exit 1
fi

另存为 .sh 然后使可执行文件并运行教程

如果需要，您也可以以 root 身份运行脚本来限制所有系统进程。

sudo /路径/到/脚本/

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