我在 Dell T410 服务器上运行 Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS，今天早些时候从 10.10 (Maverick) 升级。升级大部分顺利，但我在使用时遇到了一些困难apt-get upgrade。以下是我收到的确切错误：
tom@smckay1:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gconf2 : Depends: python:any
python-httplib2 : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.restfulclient : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.uri : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-pyatspi : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
Depends: python-gi (>= 2.90.1)
Depends: gir1.2-atspi-2.0 (>= 2.9.90) but it is not installed
Depends: libatk-adaptor but it is not installed
python-simplejson : Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-twisted-bin : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
python-twisted-core : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-twisted-names : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-zope.interface : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
我尝试了apt-get install -f、apt-get clean、apt-get autoremove和其他类似措施的多种实现方式。但是，我总是收到相同的错误，因此无法安装任何新软件包。
以下是我的副本/etc/apt/sources.list，其中删除了注释。我承认在升级之前我确实编辑过此文件，在将操作系统从 10.10 升级到 14.04 时将“lucid”改为“trusty”。
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 10.10 _Maverick Meerkat_ - Release amd64 (20101007.1)]/ trusty main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main
以下是输出apt-cache policy python：
$ apt-cache policy python
python:
Installed: 2.6.6-2ubuntu2
Candidate: 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
Version table:
2.7.5-5ubuntu3 0
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
*** 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
我使用以下命令安装了 Python 2.7.9：
cd ~/Downloads/
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.9/Python-2.7.9.tgz
tar -xvf Python-2.7.9.tgz
cd Python-2.7.9
./configure
make
sudo make install
现在，python -V告诉我已2.7.9安装版本，但apt-get没有看到。相关说明，在升级过程中，运行命令时do-release-upgrade，我确实收到以下错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/do-release-upgrade", line 10, in <module>
from UpdateManager.Core.DistUpgradeFetcherCore import DistUpgradeFetcherCore
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/UpdateManager /Core/DistUpgradeFetcherCore.py", line 34, in <module>
import GnuPGInterface
ImportError: No module named GnuPGInterface
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 105, in apport_excepthook
os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT|os.O_EXCL, 0600), 'w')
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/crash/_usr_bin_do- release-upgrade.1001.crash'
最初的例外是：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/do-release-upgrade", line 10, in <module>
from UpdateManager.Core.DistUpgradeFetcherCore import DistUpgradeFetcherCore
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/UpdateManager/Core/DistUpgradeFetcherCore.py", line 34, in <module>
import GnuPGInterface
ImportError: No module named GnuPGInterface
然而，sudo apt-get update经过升级，我最终还是选择了 Ubuntu 14.04。
有人知道该怎么做才能解决这个问题吗？非常感谢您的帮助。
输出来自sudo apt-get install -f：
tom@smckay1:~$ sudo apt-get install -f
[sudo] password for tom:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gconf2 : Depends: python:any
python-httplib2 : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.restfulclient : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.uri : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-pyatspi : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
Depends: python-gi (>= 2.90.1)
Depends: gir1.2-atspi-2.0 (>= 2.9.90) but it is not installed
Depends: libatk-adaptor but it is not installed
python-simplejson : Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-twisted-bin : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
python-twisted-core : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-twisted-names : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-zope.interface : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies
输出sudo apt-get install -f python：
tom@smckay1:~$ sudo apt-get install -f python
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
command-not-found : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
computer-janitor : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
computer-janitor-gtk : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
hplip : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
Recommends: sane-utils but it is not going to be installed
jockey-common : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
language-selector-common : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
lsb-release : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
nvidia-common : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python : Depends: python2.7 (>= 2.7.5-1~) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: python-minimal (= 2.7.5-5ubuntu3) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: libpython-stdlib (= 2.7.5-5ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
python-appindicator : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-apport : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-apt : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-aptdaemon : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
Recommends: aptdaemon but it is not going to be installed
python-aptdaemon-gtk : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-brlapi : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-cairo : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-crypto : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-cups : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-dbus : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-egenix-mxdatetime : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-egenix-mxtools : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gconf : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-glade2 : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gmenu : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gnomeapplet : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gnomecanvas : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gnomekeyring : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gobject : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gobject-cairo : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gtk2 : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gtksourceview2 : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-gtkspell : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-imaging : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-indicate : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-launchpad-integration : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-libxml2 : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-markupsafe : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-newt : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-notify : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-openssl : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-pam : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-problem-report : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-pyatspi : Depends: python-gi (>= 2.90.1)
Depends: gir1.2-atspi-2.0 (>= 2.9.90) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libatk-adaptor but it is not going to be installed
python-pycurl : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-pygoocanvas : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-pyorbit : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-rdflib : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-smbc : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-software-properties : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-twisted-web : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-ubuntuone : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-uno : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-virtkey : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-vte : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-webkit : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-wnck : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
python-xapian : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
screen-resolution-extra : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
ubuntu-sso-client : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
ufw : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
update-manager : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
Recommends: software-properties-gtk (>= 0.71.2) but it is not going to be installed
update-manager-core : Depends: python (< 2.7) but 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
dist-upgrade 给出与 apt-get upgrade （第一个代码段）相同的输出。
输出来自apt-cache policy command-not-found：
command-not-found:
Installed: 0.2.40ubuntu15
Candidate: 0.3ubuntu12
Version table:
0.3ubuntu12 0
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
*** 0.2.40ubuntu15 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
以下是 的输出apt-get install command-not-found=0.3ubuntu12：
$ sudo apt-get install command-not-found=0.3ubuntu12
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
command-not-found : Depends: python3-commandnotfound (>= 0.3ubuntu7) but it is not going to be installed
gconf2 : Depends: python:any
python-httplib2 : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.restfulclient : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-lazr.uri : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-pyatspi : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
Depends: python-gi (>= 2.90.1)
Depends: gir1.2-atspi-2.0 (>= 2.9.90) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libatk-adaptor but it is not going to be installed
python-simplejson : Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
python-twisted-bin : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
python-twisted-core : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-twisted-names : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
python-zope.interface : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but 2.6.6-2ubuntu2 is to be installed
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2)
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
以下是输出apt-cache policy command-not-found：
$ apt-cache policy command-not-found
command-not-found:
Installed: 0.2.40ubuntu15
Candidate: 0.3ubuntu12
Version table:
0.3ubuntu12 0
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
*** 0.2.40ubuntu15 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
感谢您迄今为止的所有反馈。
答案1
正在解答
首先我们必须修复您的系统：
第一个有问题的软件包是
command-not-found。您已安装 Precise 版本。因此启动sudo apt-get dist-upgrade0.3ubuntu12这应该会升级软件包和其他一些软件包。或者，我们可以通过以下方式强制安装版本sudo apt-get install command-not-found=0.3ubuntu12
命令
sudo make install
未安装任何软件包。因此apt无法查看已安装的版本。
如果我们已经修复您的安装（因此正在回答），您可以稍后按如下方式安装该包。
sudo apt-get install checkinstall
cd ~/Downloads/Python-2.7.9
sudo checkinstall