我最近全新安装了 Ubuntu 16.04。我还通过 安装了mysql-server
和mysql-client
(其默认版本 5.7.12)apt-get install
。
由于 5.7.12 出现了一些问题,我决定卸载它。我先尝试了一下,但发现像和apt-get remove mysql-server mysql-client
这样的工件没有被删除。/etc/mysql
/var/lib/mysql
然后我尝试了一下apt-get --purge removed mysql-server mysql-client
,但仍然没有区别。
因此,我手动删除了它们(通过rm -rf
)。我还手动删除了来自任何依赖包(如)的所有*mysql*
文件。/usr/
mysql-*
mysql-common
然而,现在,当我想重新安装时mysql-server and -client
,发现我无法重新安装。
事实上,我现在处于一种既不能apt-get remove mysql-server
也不能的状态apt-get install mysql-server
!
我该如何解决这种情况?如果我的本地软件包存储库元数据已损坏,我该如何修复它?
我讨厌仅仅因为 而再次重新安装整个操作系统以及我所有的其他应用程序和环境mysql-server
。
例如,以下是我尝试删除时收到的错误mysql-server
:
$ apt-get remove mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libaio1 mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
mysql-server
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 159 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
(Reading database ... 237601 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mysql-server (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
当我尝试安装时,出现此错误:
$ apt-get -f install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
mysql-server
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/10.1 kB of archives.
After this operation, 159 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server.
(Reading database ... 237599 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server_5.7.12-0ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
以下是 的输出apt-get install -f
:
$ apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.12-0ubuntu1) ...
Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.7 (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
编辑于 2017 年 1 月 10 日:这是对此帖子的一次重大审查,以纠正此帖子中的严重问题。
内心的错误
问题是该软件包仍然处于半安装和半配置状态,需要明确删除。
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
它实际上说的是,该软件包mysql-server-5.7
是 的依赖项mysql-server
,已安装,但尚未配置。因此您需要purge
它来删除 留下的那些痕迹mysql-server-5.7
。
sudo apt purge mysql-server mysql-server-5.7
基本原理
当您使用 安装软件时apt
,它也会自动为您处理依赖关系。
当您删除某些包时,它可能无法处理相同的依赖项。就本文而言,该依赖项是mysql-server-5.7
。
您可以通过发出以下命令来检查包状态。
dpkg-query -l [package-name-here]
通常,如果您看到代码un
或rc
包名称左侧的代码,您就能判断它是否真的是一个损坏的包。
当我遇到此问题时,它与libapache2-mod-php
和有关libapache2-mod-php7.0
。这是我的输出。
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-===========================-==================-==================-============================================================
un libapache2-mod-php <none> <none> (no description available)
就我而言,它声称我的包的状态未知,并且它没有安装(代码un
)在我的系统上。
当您告诉apt
某事时remove
,它可能会留下包、配置文件和其他在自动安装期间可能会出现问题的项目。
当你告诉apt
它purge
要做什么时,最好删除remove
可能遗留的任何面包屑。
我最初声明我假设该进程仍在运行,但很可能它处于非活动状态,或者已停止运行。
检查该服务是否干扰您删除包裹的最佳方法是先检查该服务。
1)调查mysql
服务
使用提供给我们的系统错误apt
,我们实际上可以通过检查服务systemctl
状态来调查错误mysql
sudo systemctl status [pattern]
在我们的例子中,我们想看看 mysql 是否正在运行,因此可以输入
systemctl status mysql.service
如果服务正在运行,您应该会看到此输出
systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2017-01-10 23:10:06 EST; 1h 3min ago
Main PID: 1206 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─1206 /usr/sbin/mysqld
注意:如果该服务已停止,您将看到一条简短消息,表明没有该名称的服务正在运行,然后跳至步骤 3。
2)mysql
使用以下方法停止服务systemctl
service
注意: [pattern] 必须是或列出的名称initctl
。我使用的原因pattern
是因为systemctl
使用正则表达式匹配,所以如果必须使用参数,请小心kill
。
sudo systemctl stop [pattern]
其中pattern
代表 mysql 守护进程/服务名称。如果停止不起作用,请尝试
sudo systemctl kill [pattern]
例如
sudo systemctl stop mysql
3)卸载/清除mysql
如果您需要完全清除,请确保先停止服务或进程,然后确保删除正确的文件和目录!
注意:请确保您针对的是正确的mysql
版本。例如,如果您使用 5.5,请适当调整版本号。
警告:以下步骤将删除您的数据!(必须执行第一个命令来进行备份)
来源:如何卸载 MySQL?
tar -zcvf ~/msql_backup.tar.gz /etc/mysql /var/lib/mysql
sudo apt purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7
sudo rm -rfv /etc/mysql /var/lib/mysql
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt autoclean
4)修复损坏的软件包并处理缺失的依赖项
如果上述步骤对您不起作用,您可能需要运行apt
选项--fix-broken
来修复任何造成的损害。
确保apt update
首先然后apt install
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-server mysql-client --fix-broken --fix-missing
5)当其他方法都失败时,mysql
自己构建和安装
如果以上方法都不起作用,您将必须手动下载源代码,编译并使用 make 或 bash 从那里进行安装(由于它是全部自动化的,所以并不像听起来那么痛苦)。
答案2
第一篇文章的问题在于您无法重新配置元包,尤其是 sql 项。您需要指定当前发布的项。
说用;
apt search mysql-server
这将显示一个软件包列表,即
“mysql-server-5.7” “mysql-server-core-5.7” 或更高版本
然后;
dpkg-reconfigure --force mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
完毕。
答案3
这是适合您的正确解决方案
首先,您必须删除所有 mysql-server 包:
警告:以下步骤将删除您的数据!请先备份!
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
然后安装:
sudo apt-get install lamp-server^
或者你可以这样做:
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
答案4
从 MySQL 切换到 MariaDB 时也发生了此错误(https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mysql-5.7/+bug/1490071)。
MySQL 二进制数据文件与 MariaDB 不兼容,因此我切换回 MySQL,因为我没有时间摆弄 mysqldump。
首先我必须将 MariaDB 数据从 移走/var/lib/mysql
,然后安装 MySQL,然后将我的原始数据从/var/lib/mysql-5.7
(此备份是在错误发生之前自动创建的)移到/var/lib/mysql
。