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更新后 Xubuntu Wifi 驱动程序无法正常工作

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更新后 Xubuntu Wifi 驱动程序无法正常工作

我正在运行 Xubuntu 14.04 LTS。我有一个 TP Link T4U USB wifi 适配器，它基于 Realtek RTL8812AU 芯片组。它已经运行了好几个月，直到 Linux 内核 3.13.0-77。从更新到内核 3.13.0-79 开始，此后每次更新，wifi 适配器驱动程序都无法运行。从表面上看，它根本不存在。我可以重新启动并选择内核 3.13.0-77，一切又恢复正常。我修改了我的 grub 菜单，将内核 3.13.0-77 作为我的第一个和默认选项，但我真的很想解决这个问题。

在内核 3.13.0-77 中，以下是输出

    sudo lshw -C network

      *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: 82567LM-3 Gigabit Network Connection
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 19
       bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
       logical name: eth1
       version: 02
       serial: b8:ac:6f:1d:64:14
       size: 100Mbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 32 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=2.3.2-k duplex=full firmware=0.4-3 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s
       resources: irq:48 memory:fdfe0000-fdffffff memory:fdfd9000-fdfd9fff ioport:ece0(size=32)
  *-network
       description: Wireless interface
       physical id: 1
       bus info: usb@1:2
       logical name: wlan1
       serial: c4:e9:84:09:4d:fd
       capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rtl8812au driverversion=3.13.0-77-generic firmware=N/A ip=192.168.0.46 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11AC

有线连接连接到我在桥接模式下运行的旧 802.11G 路由器。如您所见，wifi router=rtl8812au 已列出并且运行正常。

当我重新启动到内核 3.13.0-86（当前更新）时，我得到以下输出

sudo lshw -C 网络

  *-network
   description: Ethernet interface
   product: 82567LM-3 Gigabit Network Connection
   vendor: Intel Corporation
   physical id: 19
   bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
   logical name: eth1
   version: 02
   serial: b8:ac:6f:1d:64:14
   size: 100Mbit/s
   capacity: 1Gbit/s
   width: 32 bits
   clock: 33MHz
   capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
   configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=2.3.2-k duplex=full firmware=0.4-3 ip=192.168.0.40 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s
   resources: irq:48 memory:fdfe0000-fdffffff memory:fdfd9000-fdfd9fff ioport:ece0(size=32)

如您所见，wifi 设备甚至没有列出，因为没有可操作的驱动程序。同样，如果我运行 iwconfig，wifi 设备甚至没有列出，也没有在我的 NetworkManager 中列出。但我回到内核 3.13.0-77，一切又正常了。我没有尝试重新安装驱动程序，因为它在较早的内核上运行良好。

在内核 3.13.0-86 中，输出如下

系统盘

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub    
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub    
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub    
Bus 006 Device 002: ID 045e:0745 Microsoft Corp. Nano Transceiver v1.0 for Bluetooth    
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub    
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0781:a7c1 SanDisk Corp. Storage device (SD card reader)    
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 2357:0101    
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub    
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub    
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub    
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 051d:0002 American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Supply    
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

在内核 3.13.0-77 中看起来是一样的。wifi 适配器连接到总线 001 设备 003（ID 2357:0101）。感谢您的帮助。

答案1

司机rtl8812au在内核版本 3.13.0-xx 中不存在。我确信，为了使其在 -77 中运行，您下载了它并从源代码编译了它。但是，当更新管理器安装更高版本的内核时，在您的例子中是 -79，则需要重新编译。

您可以使用 DKMS 程序自动完成此操作。在互联网连接正常并启动到 -86 的情况下，请执行以下操作：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
sudo dkms install -m 8812au -v 1.0

你的无线网络应该就可以正常工作了。

答案2

谢谢你的帮助，Chili555，但这并没有解决问题。在 -86 内核中运行时，我一次运行你列出的命令，所有命令都运行正常，直到最后一个命令。命令的输出

sudo dkms install -m 8812au -v 1.0

是：

Kernel preparation unnecessary for this kernel.  Skipping...

Building module:
cleaning build area....
'make'...................
cleaning build area....

DKMS: build completed.

8812au.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
Error! Module version v4.2.2_7502.20130517 for 8812au.ko
is not newer than what is already found in kernel 3.13.0-86-generic (v4.2.2_7502.20130517).
You may override by specifying --force.

depmod....

DKMS: install completed.

因此我重新运行了命令并添加了--force”

sudo dkms install --force -m 8812au -v 1.0

输出为：

Module 8812au/1.0 already installed on kernel 3.13.0-86-generic/i686

因此，对于拥有一个正常运行的驱动程序来说，仍然没有区别。

我查看了你给我的倒数第二条命令。以下是输出：

sudo dkms add ./rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux

Creating symlink /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/source ->
                 /usr/src/8812au-1.0

DKMS: add completed.

接下来我想看看 /var/lib/dkms 里有什么

cd /var/lib/dkms

[/var/lib/dkms]
[home4-randy]:ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 26.05.2016 23:57 8812au
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 10.05.2016 10:15 nvidia-304
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 10.05.2016 10:15 rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    6 08.07.2008 08:19 dkms_dbversion

[/var/lib/dkms]
[home4-randy]:ll 8812au
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 26.05.2016 23:57 1.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   26 26.05.2016 23:57 kernel-3.13.0-86-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-86-generic/i686

[/var/lib/dkms]
[home4-randy]:ll rtl*
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 10.05.2016 10:15 1.0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 20.09.2015 11:49 kernel-3.13.0-46-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-46-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 10.09.2015 10:23 kernel-3.13.0-63-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-63-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 28.09.2015 23:30 kernel-3.13.0-65-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-65-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 21.10.2015 13:09 kernel-3.13.0-66-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-66-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 05.11.2015 09:12 kernel-3.13.0-67-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-67-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 18.11.2015 14:23 kernel-3.13.0-68-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-68-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 02.12.2015 14:11 kernel-3.13.0-71-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-71-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 31.12.2015 10:33 kernel-3.13.0-74-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-74-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 21.01.2016 18:37 kernel-3.13.0-76-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-76-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 03.02.2016 23:43 kernel-3.13.0-77-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-77-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 04.03.2016 10:49 kernel-3.13.0-79-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-79-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 15.03.2016 23:38 kernel-3.13.0-83-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-83-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 06.04.2016 12:54 kernel-3.13.0-85-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-85-generic/i686
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 10.05.2016 10:15 kernel-3.13.0-86-generic-i686 -> 1.0/3.13.0-86-generic/i686

因此，您让我重建的驱动程序似乎位于目录 /var/lib/dkms/8812au 中。此外，在目录 /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux 中，已经为我安装的每个内核升级构建了一个 wifi 驱动程序。那么，如果 wifi 驱动程序已经针对内核构建，为什么它不适用于较新的版本？我想知道这些较新的内核中是否存在未反映在驱动程序中的更改，从而导致驱动程序软件过时？

由于这些只是符号链接，我跟着它们往下走...对于您让我编译的版本，这是 make.log 文件：

DKMS make.log for 8812au-1.0 for kernel 3.13.0-86-generic (i686)
Thu May 26 23:57:04 MST 2016
make ARCH=i386 CROSS_COMPILE= -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-86-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build  modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-86-generic'
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_cmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_security.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_debug.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_io.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_ioctl_query.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_ioctl_set.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_ieee80211.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_mlme.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_mlme_ext.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_wlan_util.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_vht.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_pwrctrl.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_rf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_recv.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_sta_mgt.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_ap.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_p2p.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_tdls.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_br_ext.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_iol.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_sreset.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/efuse/rtw_efuse.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/osdep_service.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.o
/var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c:1702:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .ndo_select_queue = rtw_select_queue,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c:1702:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_netdev_ops.ndo_select_queue’) [enabled by default]
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/usb_intf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/usb_ops_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/xmit_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/mlme_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/recv_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.o
/var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5109:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .get_station = cfg80211_rtw_get_station,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5109:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_cfg80211_ops.get_station’) [enabled by default]
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/rtw_android.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/hal_intf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/hal_com.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/hal_com_phycfg.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/hal_phy.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/led/hal_usb_led.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/HalPwrSeqCmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/Hal8812PwrSeq.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/Hal8821APwrSeq.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_sreset.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_hal_init.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_phycfg.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_rf6052.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_dm.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_rxdesc.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_cmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/usb_halinit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_led.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_recv.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/usb_ops_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_mp.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_debug.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_interface.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_HWConfig.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/HalPhyRf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalPhyRf_8812A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/odm_RegConfig8812A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalPhyRf_8821A.o
  CC [M] /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/odm_RegConfig8821A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_mp.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/core/rtw_mp_ioctl.o
  LD [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/8812au.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
  CC      /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/8812au.mod.o
  LD [M]  /var/lib/dkms/8812au/1.0/build/8812au.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-86-generic'

然后，我查看了之前使用更新自动构建的 make.log 文件：

DKMS make.log for rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux-1.0 for kernel 3.13.0-86-generic (i686)
Tue May 10 10:15:03 MST 2016
make ARCH=i386 CROSS_COMPILE= -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-77-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build  modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-77-generic'
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_cmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_security.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_debug.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_io.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_ioctl_query.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_ioctl_set.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_ieee80211.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_mlme.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_mlme_ext.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_wlan_util.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_vht.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_pwrctrl.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_rf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_recv.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_sta_mgt.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_ap.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_p2p.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_tdls.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_br_ext.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_iol.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_sreset.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/efuse/rtw_efuse.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/osdep_service.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.o
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c:1702:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .ndo_select_queue = rtw_select_queue,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c:1702:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_netdev_ops.ndo_select_queue’) [enabled by default]
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/usb_intf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/usb_ops_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/xmit_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/mlme_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/recv_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.o
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5099:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .add_station = cfg80211_rtw_add_station,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5099:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_cfg80211_ops.add_station’) [enabled by default]
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5100:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .del_station = cfg80211_rtw_del_station,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5100:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_cfg80211_ops.del_station’) [enabled by default]
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5101:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
  .change_station = cfg80211_rtw_change_station,
  ^
/var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c:5101:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘rtw_cfg80211_ops.change_station’) [enabled by default]
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/os_dep/linux/rtw_android.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/hal_intf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/hal_com.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/hal_com_phycfg.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/hal_phy.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/led/hal_usb_led.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/HalPwrSeqCmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/Hal8812PwrSeq.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/Hal8821APwrSeq.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_sreset.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_hal_init.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_phycfg.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_rf6052.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_dm.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_rxdesc.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_cmd.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/usb_halinit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_led.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_xmit.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/rtl8812au_recv.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/usb/usb_ops_linux.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/rtl8812a/rtl8812a_mp.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_debug.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_interface.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm_HWConfig.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/odm.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/HalPhyRf.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalHWImg8812A_TestChip_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/HalPhyRf_8812A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8812a/odm_RegConfig8812A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_FW.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_MAC.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_BB.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalHWImg8821A_TestChip_RF.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/HalPhyRf_8821A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/hal/OUTSRC/rtl8821a/odm_RegConfig8821A.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_mp.o
  CC [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/core/rtw_mp_ioctl.o
  LD [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/8812au.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
  CC      /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/8812au.mod.o
  LD [M]  /var/lib/dkms/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux/1.0/build/8812au.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-77-generic'

我在两次编译中都看到了警告，但不知道它们有多重要。如果您对此有任何进一步的想法，我很乐意听听。谢谢。

答案3

好的，我解决了这个问题。 Chili555 走在正确的轨道上，但它并没有为我解决问题。 我修改了我的 Grub2，以便它默认启动到内核 3.13.0.77，但随着升级到 LTS 16.04（内核 4.4.0.24），即使我启动到 3.13.0.77，我也不再有 wifi 连接。 再看看周围，我从以下位置下载了软件包：

https://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux

将 zip 文件下载到您选择的目录并在那里解压。向下导航一个目录

cd rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux-master

需要安装 dkms。如果没有，请运行：

sudo apt-get install dkms

以下 2 个命令仅需为驱动程序运行一次：

sudo cp -R . /usr/src/8812au-1.0
sudo dkms add -m 8812au -v 1.0

当您需要重建并重新安装驱动程序时（例如，在内核更新后无法与以前的驱动程序兼容），需要运行接下来的两个命令：

sudo dkms build -m 8812au -v 1.0
sudo dkms install -m 8812au -v 1.0

这对我在 Ubuntu 和 Xubuntu 中都有效。我会将此线程标记为已解决！！！

编辑：

好的，我正在编辑这个答案，因为又一次内核升级，我的 wifi 又停止工作了，我按照这里的步骤操作，但仍然不起作用。但我变得更聪明了。首先，我了解到 Windows 中所谓的驱动程序在 Linux 中称为模块，所以我将更改我的命名法。我运行了上面列出的后两个命令来构建和安装模块

sudo dkms build -m 8812au -v 1.0
sudo dkms install -m 8812au -v 1.0

但 Pengy 抱怨说它已经构建并安装好了。我发现实际的驱动程序文件名为 8812au.ko，存储在目录中

 /lib/modules/<kernel-version>/updates/dkms

当前内核版本可以从以下位置找到

 uname -r

删除该文件没有用，因为模块安装在内核中。我可以用 dmesg 检查启动问题：

 dmesg:
 ...
 [    7.849101] 8812au: disagrees about version of symbol filp_open
 [    7.849103] 8812au: Unknown symbol filp_open (err -22)
 [    7.849165] 8812au: disagrees about version of symbol wake_up_process
 [    7.849166] 8812au: Unknown symbol wake_up_process (err -22)
 [    7.849246] 8812au: disagrees about version of symbol filp_close
 [    7.849247] 8812au: Unknown symbol filp_close (err -22)
 ...

这告诉我它至少尝试安装模块，但失败了。我可以用 modinfo 检查模块的参数：

 modinfo 8812au

 filename:       /lib/modules/4.4.0-36-generic/updates/dkms/8812au.ko
 version:        v4.3.8_12175.20140902
 author:         Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
 description:    Realtek Wireless Lan Driver
 license:        GPL
 ......
 vermagic:       4.4.0-34-generic SMP mod_unload modversions 686 
 ......

vermagic 告诉我这是为内核 4.4.0.34 编译的，而我现在运行的是内核 4.4.0.36。Pengy 拿走了旧模块并重新使用了它。这就是它不起作用的原因。我尝试再次制作它，但他抱怨说它已经为这个内核构建了。我尝试再次安装它，他抱怨说它已经安装好了。我尝试使用选项 --force，但 Pengy 似乎认为我指的是 --threes 后面的内容。我可以多次尝试更改不同的参数和选项，但没有任何效果。

我进入 /usr/src/ 目录，发现有 3 个名称不同的目录，但内容相同，用于构建此模块。删除其中两个目录并重新运行第三个目录没有帮助。我采用了上面列出的 4 行，并在前面添加了另外两行，以从内核中删除模块，并删除 /usr/src/ 目录树（在删除模块之前不要删除目录）。我将这 6 行放入名为 rebuild_t4u.sh 的脚本文件中：

 sudo dkms remove -m 8812au -v 1.0 -k $(uname -r);
 sudo rm -rfd /usr/src/8812au-1.0
 sudo cp -R . /usr/src/8812au-1.0
 sudo dkms add -m 8812au -v 1.0
 echo "Rebuilding 8812au -v 1.0....";
 sudo dkms build --force -m 8812au -v 1.0
 echo "Installing 8812au -v 1.0....";
 sudo dkms install --force -m 8812au -v 1.0;

第一行专门用于从当前内核中删除模块，因此如果我需要恢复到以前的内核，它仍然会在那里。

我还修改了文件 dkms.conf，添加了以下行

 MODULES_CONF_ALIAS_TYPE="wlan"

这会将该模块标识为 wlan，并且如果存在其他 wlan（例如 wlan0），则会为其赋予下一个编号。

以下是此次运行的输出：

 sudo dkms build -m rtl8812au -v 1.0
 sudo dkms remove -m 8812au -v 1.0 -k 4.4.0-36-generic;
 sudo rm -rfd /usr/src/8812au-1.0
 sudo cp -R . /usr/src/8812au-1.0
 sudo dkms add -m 8812au -v 1.0

 echo "Rebuilding 8812au -v 1.0....";
 sudo dkms build --force -m 8812au -v 1.0

 echo "Installing 8812au -v 1.0....";
 sudo dkms install --force -m 8812au -v 1.0;

 ./rebuild-t4u-driver.sh

 -------- Uninstall Beginning --------
 Module:  8812au
 Version: 1.0
 Kernel:  4.4.0-36-generic (i686)
 -------------------------------------

 Status: Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel.

 8812au.ko:
  - Uninstallation
    - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-36-generic/
 rmdir: failed to remove '': No such file or directory
  - Original module
    - No original module was found for this module on this kernel.
    - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module      version.

 depmod....

 DKMS: uninstall completed.
 Error! DKMS tree already contains: 8812au-1.0
 You cannot add the same module/version combo more than once.
 Rebuilding 8812au -v 1.0....

 Kernel preparation unnecessary for this kernel.  Skipping...

 Building module:
 cleaning build area....
 'make' KVER=4.4.0-36-generic..................
 cleaning build area....

 DKMS: build completed.
 Installing 8812au -v 1.0....

 8812au:
 Running module version sanity check.
  - Original module
    - No original module exists within this kernel
  - Installation
    - Installing to /lib/modules/4.4.0-36-generic/updates/dkms/

 /etc/modprobe.d/dkms.conf: added alias reference for '8812au'
 depmod....

 DKMS: install completed.

嗯，这看起来很有希望，但它仍然没有运行。尝试了不同的方法后，我输入了经过验证的命令：

 ifconfig wlan0 up

Bing。USB 适配器上的灯立即开始闪烁。所以现在它已打开。但我仍然无法访问 WIFI。我进入网络管理器 GUI，它仍然没有显示任何 WIFI 连接。我尝试了其他几种方法，但都没有奏效，但后来我遇到了以下建议：

 With the computer running, unplug the adapter and plug it in again.

Bing！Bing！Bing！终于成功了。我又能连上 wifi 了！如果我重启了，可能就能连上，但这样就不用重启了（但可能需要更长的时间来解决这个问题）。

因此，总结一下，下载模块包，安装 dkms，修改包中的 dkms.conf 文件以创建别名，获取上述 6 条命令并将它们放在包根目录中的脚本文件中，运行它，运行命令“ifconfig wlan? up”，然后拔下并重新插入适配器或重新启动计算机。此过程应该适用于除 Realtek 之外有类似问题的其他 wifi 适配器。

编辑2：

我重启了好几次，它仍然有效。唯一的问题是，当我发出 ifconfig 或 iwconfig 命令时，正常的设备名称已经改变。您需要创建一个文件

/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules.

在其中添加行

SUBSYSTEM=="net",  ACTION=="add",  DRIVERS=="?*",  ATTR{address}=="<MAC-ID>", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", NAME="<dev-name>"

其中 MAC-ID 是设备的名称，dev-name 是您想要称呼它的名称。请注意，此文件的旧版本还有一个字段

KERNEL=="wlan*"

新内核不喜欢这样，如果包含该字段，将会忽略整行，因此如果您正在使用此文件的旧版本，请删除此字段。

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