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模拟mv命令的动作

tag-icon • tag-icon command-line mv
模拟mv命令的动作

mv我正在移动一些文件，在继续运行之前我想确保我输入的命令是正确的。

如果我正在使用apt-get，我可以使用该-s标志来执行实际上可以执行任何事情的模拟。

是否mv有类似的功能，可以模拟文件的移动但实际上不执行任何操作？

答案1

以下函数用于详细检查mv语法。请注意，它仅适用于 2 个参数，即 SOURCE 和 DESTINATION，并且不检查-t标志。

该函数将被放入~/.bashrc。要立即使用它，请打开新终端或运行source ~/.bashrc

mv_check()
{
    # Function for checking syntax of mv command 
    # sort of verbose dry run
    # NOTE !!! this doesn't support the -t flag
    # maybe it will in future (?)

    # check number of arguments  
    if [ $# -ne 2   ]; then
        echo "<<< ERROR: must have 2 arguments , but $# given "
        return 1
    fi

    # check if source item exist
    if ! readlink -e "$1" > /dev/null 
    then
        echo "<<< ERROR: " "$item" " doesn't exist"
        return 1
    fi

    # check where file goes

    if [ -d "$2"  ]
    then
        echo "Moving " "$1" " into " "$2" " directory"
    else
        echo "Renaming "  "$1" " to " "$2" 
    fi

}

以下是一些测试运行：

$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1  bin/python                                                                                      
Moving  TEST_FILE1  into  bin/python  directory
$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1  TEST_FILE2                                                                                      
Renaming  TEST_FILE1  to  TEST_FILE2
$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1  TEST_FILE 2                                                                                     
<<< ERROR: must have 2 arguments , but 3 given 
$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1  TEST_FILE\ 2                                                                                    
Renaming  TEST_FILE1  to  TEST_FILE 2
$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1  "TEST_FILE 2"                                                                                   
Renaming  TEST_FILE1  to  TEST_FILE 2
$> mv_check  TEST_FILE1                                                                                                  
<<< ERROR: must have 2 arguments , but 1 given

答案2

github 上有一个名为或许这可能就是您正在寻找的。

根据他们的项目描述，maybe

... 允许您运行命令并查看它对您的文件做了什么，而无需实际执行！查看列出的操作后，您可以决定是否真的希望这些事情发生。

因此，它还将向您显示其他程序对您的文件执行的操作，不仅仅是mv。

maybe需要 Python 才能运行，但这应该不是问题。使用 Python 的包管理器 pip 可以轻松安装或构建它。

安装过程和程序的使用方法均在项目主页上进行了描述。遗憾的是，我目前无法访问 Linux 系统，因此无法为您提供有关该程序使用的任何示例。

答案3

此脚本应该可以解决问题。它也可以处理多个源文件/目录。使用方法与使用mv-相同mvsim source... dest。请注意，它不关注选项，也不会过滤掉它们（它只是将它们视为文件名），并且它可能与符号链接配合使用效果不佳。

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
    echo "Too few arguments given; at least 2 arguments are needed."
    exit 1
fi

lastArg="${@:$#}"

i=1
for param in "$@"; do
    if [ ! -e "$param" -a $i -lt $# ]; then
        echo "Error: $param does not exist."
        exit 1
    elif [ "$param" = "$lastArg" -a $i -lt $# ]; then
        echo "Error: $param is the same file/directory as the destination."
        exit 1
    fi
    ((i++))
done

if [ $# -eq 2 ]; then # special case for 2 arguments to make output look better
    if [ -d "$1" ]; then
        if [ -d "$2" ]; then
            echo "Moves directory $1 (and anything inside it) into directory $2"
            exit 0
        elif [ ! -e "$2" ]; then
            echo "Renames directory $1 to $2"
            exit 0
        else
            echo "Error: $2 is not a directory; mv cannot overwrite a non-directory with a directory."
            exit 1
        fi
    else
        if [ -d "$2" ]; then
            echo "Moves file $1 into directory $2"
        elif [ -e "$2" ]; then
            echo "Renames file $1 to $2, replacing file $2"
        else
            echo "Renames file $1 to $2"
        fi
        exit 0
    fi
elif [ ! -e "$lastArg" ]; then
    echo "Error: $lastArg does not exist."
    exit 1
elif [ ! -d "$lastArg" ]; then
    echo "Error: $lastArg is not a directory; mv cannot merge multiple files into one."
    exit 1
fi

argsLeft=$#
echo "Moves..."
for param in  "$@"; do
    if [ $argsLeft -eq 1 ]; then
        echo "...Into the directory $param" # has to be a directory because -f $lastArg was dealt with earlier
        exit 0
    fi
    if [ -d "$param" ]; then
        if [ ! -d "$lastArg" ]; then
            echo "Error: $lastArg is not a directory; mv cannot overwrite a non-directory with a directory."
            exit 1
        fi
        if [ $argsLeft -eq $# ]; then
            echo "The directory ${param} (and anything inside it)..."
        else
            echo "And the directory ${param} (and anything inside it)..."
        fi
    else
        if [ $argsLeft -eq $# ]; then
            echo "The file ${param}..."
        else
            echo "And the file ${param}..."
        fi
    fi
    ((argsLeft--))
done

一些例子：

$ ls
dir1  dir2  file1  file2  file3  mvsim
$ ./mvsim file1 file2
Renames file file1 to file2, replacing file file2
$ ./mvsim file1 newfile
Renames file file1 to newfile
$ ./mvsim file1 dir1
Moves file file1 into the directory dir1
$ ./mvsim file1 file2 file3 dir1
Moves...
The file file1...
And the file file2...
And the file file3...
...Into the directory dir1
$ ./mvsim file1 file2 dir1 dir2
Moves...
The file file1...
And the file file2...
And the directory dir1 (and anything inside it)...
...Into the directory dir2
$ ./mvsim file1 file2 file3 # error - file3 isn't a directory
Error: file3 is not a directory; mv cannot merge multiple files into one.
$ ./mvsim -f -i file1 dir1 # options aren't parsed or filtered out
Error: -f does not exist.

答案4

创建可执行文件 safemv，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

# Allows invocation with dryrun=1 and also protects from fraud attempts.
[ -n "$dryrun" ] && dryrun=echo

$dryrun mv "$@"

要测试替换的参数，请使用 dryrun=1 运行此文件，例如：

dryrun=1 ./safemv *.png /tmp/pngs

实际使用时运行此文件而不指定 dryrun：

./safemv *.png /tmp/pngs

这种方法可以与任何有潜在危险的命令一起使用。

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