POSTFIX:无法使用邮件客户端向其他域发送邮件

POSTFIX:无法使用邮件客户端向其他域发送邮件

我已经使用以下方式配置了 POSTFIXUbuntu 帮助指南。使用时我可以向任何域名发送和接收邮件ssh,但当我使用邮件客户端(如 Thunderbird 或 iPhone Mail)时,我只能通过自己的域名发送邮件,而不能通过 Gmail 或任何其他域名发送邮件。我寻找过解决方案,找到了这些链接,但没有答案:

无法从 postfix 向 gmail 账户发送电子邮件

我无法使用 Postfix 向 Gmail 地址发送邮件

这是我的main.cf

      # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version


  # Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
  # line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
  # is /etc/mailname.
  #myorigin = /etc/mailname

  smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
  biff = no

  # appending .domain is the MUA's job.
  append_dot_mydomain = no

  # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
  #delay_warning_time = 4h

  readme_directory = no

  # TLS parameters
  smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
  smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
  smtpd_use_tls=yes
  smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
  smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache

  # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
  # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

  smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
  myhostname = webgo.ir
  alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
  alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
  myorigin = /etc/mailname
  mydestination = webgo.ir, localhost.localdomain, localhost
  relayhost = 
  mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 137.74.154.133/32
  mailbox_command = 
  mailbox_size_limit = 0
  recipient_delimiter = +
  inet_interfaces = all
  inet_protocols = all
  home_mailbox = Maildir/

她是我的master.cf

    #
# Postfix master process configuration file.  For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or
# on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html).
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type  private unpriv  chroot  wakeup  maxproc command + args
#               (yes)   (yes)   (no)    (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp      inet  n       -       y       -       -       smtpd
#smtp      inet  n       -       y       -       1       postscreen
#smtpd     pass  -       -       y       -       -       smtpd
#dnsblog   unix  -       -       y       -       0       dnsblog
#tlsproxy  unix  -       -       y       -       0       tlsproxy
#submission inet n       -       y       -       -       smtpd
#  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
#  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
#  -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps     inet  n       -       y       -       -       smtpd
#  -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
#  -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
#  -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628       inet  n       -       y       -       -       qmqpd
pickup    unix  n       -       y       60      1       pickup
cleanup   unix  n       -       y       -       0       cleanup
qmgr      unix  n       -       n       300     1       qmgr
#qmgr     unix  n       -       n       300     1       oqmgr
tlsmgr    unix  -       -       y       1000?   1       tlsmgr
rewrite   unix  -       -       y       -       -       trivial-rewrite
bounce    unix  -       -       y       -       0       bounce
defer     unix  -       -       y       -       0       bounce
trace     unix  -       -       y       -       0       bounce
verify    unix  -       -       y       -       1       verify
flush     unix  n       -       y       1000?   0       flush
proxymap  unix  -       -       n       -       -       proxymap
proxywrite unix -       -       n       -       1       proxymap
smtp      unix  -       -       y       -       -       smtp
relay     unix  -       -       y       -       -       smtp
#       -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq     unix  n       -       y       -       -       showq
error     unix  -       -       y       -       -       error
retry     unix  -       -       y       -       -       error
discard   unix  -       -       y       -       -       discard
local     unix  -       n       n       -       -       local
virtual   unix  -       n       n       -       -       virtual
lmtp      unix  -       -       y       -       -       lmtp
anvil     unix  -       -       y       -       1       anvil
scache    unix  -       -       y       -       1       scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent.  See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop  unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
#   lmtp    cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
#  mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#  virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus     unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
#  user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
#  flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp      unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail    unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp     unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix    -    n    n    -    2    pipe
  flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman   unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
  ${nexthop} ${user}

更新:

我已经配置了dovecot了,现在我可以使用雨环,但仍然无法将任何客户端连接到我的电子邮件。

服务器拒绝连接 456 和 587,我的 iPhone 邮件显示logins are disabled for domain(我尝试了端口 25、143 和 110)

这是我的新的main.cf

      # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version


  # Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
  # line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
  # is /etc/mailname.
  #myorigin = /etc/mailname

  smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
  biff = no

  # appending .domain is the MUA's job.
  append_dot_mydomain = no

  # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
  #delay_warning_time = 4h

  readme_directory = no

  # TLS parameters
  smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
  smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
  smtpd_use_tls=yes
  smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
  smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache

  # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
  # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

  smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
  myhostname = webgo.ir
  alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
  alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
  myorigin = /etc/mailname
  mydestination = webgo.ir, localhost.localdomain, localhost
  relayhost = 
  mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 137.74.154.133/32
  mailbox_command = 
  mailbox_size_limit = 0
  recipient_delimiter = +
  inet_interfaces = all
  inet_protocols = all
  home_mailbox = Maildir/
  smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
  smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
  smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
  smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination

答案1

您遵循的操作指南为您提供了一个非常基本的设置。您可能想要使用 SASL 进行经过身份验证的 smtp(端口 587 或 465)。这对于 Thunderbird 等电子邮件客户端来说是完美的。使用您当前的设置,您可以配置 Squirrelmail 或 Roundcube 等网络邮件软件,这可以工作,但添加 SASL 可能是您想要的。您可以继续使用 Courier imap/pop3,但我强烈建议改用 Dovecot。Dovecot 是一款非常棒的 imap/pop3 服务器软件。

以下是 Ubuntu 上有关 SASL 与 Dovecot 和 Postfix 的帮助:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PostfixDovecotSASL

https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/postfix.html

这个针对 Dovecot、Postfix 和 SASL 的操作指南看起来非常好,可以作为入门指南:

http://www.binarytides.com/install-postfix-dovecot-debian

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