我该如何清理 /boot 或者删除哪些内容，因为它几乎已满，而且我一直收到一条消息，说只剩下 5.1 MB。因为如果我转到磁盘使用情况分析器，就像它说的那样，没有可以清理的空间。
分区内容如下：
username@hostname:~$ ls -l /boot/
total 423041
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1443719 Aug 9 07:08 abi-4.10.0-32-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1443962 Aug 11 13:59 abi-4.10.0-33-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1443962 Sep 13 07:16 abi-4.10.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1407843 Feb 5 2017 abi-4.8.0-36-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1408375 Mar 31 14:01 abi-4.8.0-46-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1408671 Apr 20 09:07 abi-4.8.0-49-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1408813 Jun 14 11:17 abi-4.8.0-56-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1408813 Jun 26 17:31 abi-4.8.0-58-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 204970 Aug 9 07:08 config-4.10.0-32-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 204970 Aug 11 13:59 config-4.10.0-33-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 204970 Sep 13 07:16 config-4.10.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 199575 Feb 5 2017 config-4.8.0-36-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 199564 Mar 31 14:01 config-4.8.0-46-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 199588 Apr 20 09:07 config-4.8.0-49-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 199564 Jun 14 11:17 config-4.8.0-56-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 199564 Jun 26 17:31 config-4.8.0-58-generic
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 Apr 9 12:00 efi
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 1024 Sep 20 05:03 grub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42058341 Aug 28 10:57 initrd.img-4.10.0-32-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42056847 Aug 29 02:58 initrd.img-4.10.0-33-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42056820 Sep 20 05:03 initrd.img-4.10.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40647942 Aug 28 10:56 initrd.img-4.8.0-36-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40638652 Aug 28 10:55 initrd.img-4.8.0-46-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40637975 Aug 28 10:55 initrd.img-4.8.0-49-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40644972 Aug 28 10:55 initrd.img-4.8.0-56-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40643997 Aug 28 10:55 initrd.img-4.8.0-58-generic
drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Apr 9 12:00 lost+found
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 182704 Jan 28 2016 memtest86+.bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184380 Jan 28 2016 memtest86+.elf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184840 Jan 28 2016 memtest86+_multiboot.bin
-rw------- 1 root root 3718993 Aug 9 07:08 System.map-4.10.0-32-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3721812 Aug 11 13:59 System.map-4.10.0-33-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3721891 Sep 13 07:16 System.map-4.10.0-35-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 4060748 Feb 5 2017 System.map-4.8.0-36-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 4066103 Mar 31 14:01 System.map-4.8.0-46-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 4066773 Apr 20 09:07 System.map-4.8.0-49-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 4068016 Jun 14 11:17 System.map-4.8.0-56-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 4068043 Jun 26 17:32 System.map-4.8.0-58-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7398816 Aug 9 07:08 vmlinuz-4.10.0-32-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7404416 Aug 11 13:59 vmlinuz-4.10.0-33-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7405152 Sep 13 07:16 vmlinuz-4.10.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7297312 Apr 9 12:08 vmlinuz-4.8.0-36-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7305856 Mar 31 14:01 vmlinuz-4.8.0-46-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7305856 Apr 20 09:07 vmlinuz-4.8.0-49-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7309536 Jun 14 11:17 vmlinuz-4.8.0-56-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7310848 Jun 26 17:31 vmlinuz-4.8.0-58-generic
username@hostname:~$
答案1
这是一个可以自动执行此操作的脚本。
清理 /boot 空间的最简单方法是删除旧的和未使用的内核。删除内核时，切勿删除当前正在使用的内核（使用 uname -r 检查），也不要删除最新内核，否则下次升级时您将再次下载它。
每个内核及其相关的磁盘资源占用大约 50MB 的空间。您还想仅使用 apt purge 删除内核，因为它会在最后删除依赖项并更新 grub。您可以使用 dpkg -l | grep linux-image 查看已安装内核的列表。
自动删除并不总是能获取所有旧内核。
#!/bin/bash
# create the clean-boot command line utility, if it doesn't exist
if [ ! -f /usr/sbin/clean-boot ]; then
cp "$0" /usr/sbin/clean-boot
chown root.root /usr/sbin/clean-boot
chmod 0770 /usr/sbin/clean-boot
fi
# add clean-boot cron job to root's crontab, if it doesn't exist
if [[ `crontab -l | grep "/usr/sbin/clean-boot" | wc -l` -eq 0 ]]; then
(crontab -l 2>/dev/null; echo "0 10 * * 3,4 /usr/sbin/clean-boot") | crontab -
fi
# array of kernels installed on the system
kernels=($(dpkg --list | grep 'linux-image-[0-9]' | awk '{ print $2 }'))
# kernel currently being used by the system
current_kernel=linux-image-`uname -r`
# newest kernel installed (currently being initialized to current_kernel)
newest_kernel=$current_kernel
# for loop below used to find the newest insitalled kernel
for i in "${kernels[@]}"
do
# since newest is initialized to current, there is no need to parse through kernels same version as the one currently loaded
if [[ $i != $current_kernel* ]]; then
# each iteration of the for loop is for each version number (kernel version, major, minor, incidental numbers) example 4.8.0-56-generic
for counter in 1 2 3 4
do
# if statement extracts the version numbers
if [[ $counter -lt 3 ]]; then
compare_number=$(echo ${i#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'.' -f$counter)
newest_number=$(echo ${newest_kernel#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'.' -f$counter)
elif [[ $counter -eq 3 ]]; then
compare_number=$(echo ${i#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'.' -f$counter)
newest_number=$(echo ${newest_kernel#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'.' -f$counter)
compare_number=$(echo ${compare_number} | cut -d'-' -f1)
newest_number=$(echo ${newest_number} | cut -d'-' -f1)
else
compare_number=$(echo ${i#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'-' -f2)
newest_number=$(echo ${newest_kernel#"linux-image-"} | cut -d'-' -f2)
fi
# this if statement does the comparison
if [[ $compare_number -eq $newest_number ]]; then
continue
elif [[ $compare_number -lt $newest_number ]]; then
break
else
newest_kernel=$i
break
fi
done
fi
done
# for every kernel
for i in "${kernels[@]}"
do
# delete the kernel if the kernel is not the one in use and is not the newest one installed
if [[ $i != $current_kernel* && $i != $newest_kernel* ]]; then
apt-get purge "$i" -y
fi
done