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步骤 1 - 识别 ATA2

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步骤 1 - 识别 ATA2

此主板使用三重启动设置，以 AHCI 模式启动

以下是相关消息（摘自dmesg），请注意它们之间的时间戳的较长延迟：

[    6.528119] ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
[   11.028120] ata2: SRST failed (errno=-16)
[   16.540117] ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
[   21.040117] ata2: SRST failed (errno=-16)
[   26.552117] ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=-19)
[   56.072118] ata2: SRST failed (errno=-16)
[   56.072125] ata2: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps
[   61.104117] ata2: SRST failed (errno=-16)
[   61.104142] ata2: reset failed, giving up

在 Windows 上似乎运行良好。这只是 Ubuntu 的问题。

我的所有驱动器似乎都连接牢固，没有跳线，大多数是 SSD，但有些是 IDE。我有 6 个驱动器。一个是 Hackintosh（Mac GPT 驱动器），另一个是 Windows。一个 SSD 通过 eSATA 连接

我不知道是否ata2相同，/dev/sdb但如果相同，这可能会很有趣：

$ sudo fsck /dev/sdb                                                                                         
fsck from util-linux 2.31.1
e2fsck 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

Found a gpt partition table in /dev/sdb

对原因的评论：https://www.redhat.com/archives/rhl-list/2006-October/msg03892.html

因为它是一个 GPT 黑苹果驱动器：

$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb -l
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sdb: 1953525168 sectors, 931.5 GiB
Model: ST31000524AS    
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 384E6D96-A1EE-4D32-8FE5-14B63E4BF049
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 1953525134
Partitions will be aligned on 8-sector boundaries
Total free space is 262157 sectors (128.0 MiB)

验证磁盘通过：

$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb
$ v
No problems found. 262157 free sectors (128.0 MiB) available in 2
segments, the largest of which is 262151 (128.0 MiB) in size.

答案1

步骤 1 - 识别 ATA2

ATA2这是引用的猜测/dev/sdb。确定的方法是使用：

$ ll /sys/block/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 ./
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Apr  4 21:05 ../
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop0 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop0/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop1 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop1/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop2 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop2/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop3 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop3/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop4 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop4/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop5 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop5/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop6 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop6/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 loop7 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop7/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 nvme0n1 -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/0000:3e:00.0/nvme/nvme0/nvme0n1/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 sda -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:17.0/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sda/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 0 Apr 10 16:46 sr0 -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sr0/

忽略loop1通过的loop7条目。

  • sda（硬盘）处于频道ata2
  • nvme0n1（SSD）已打开0000:3e:00.0（实际上以 40 GB/s 的速度硬连线到 CPU）
  • sr0正在usb1

因此，你的第一步是发现哪些设备处于开启状态ata2

第 2 步 - 检查设备

ide设备可以与主/从安排链接在一起，如果打开，ata2您可能需要检查它们的设置，同时逐个移除它们以确定哪个有缺陷。

遇到同样错误的人发现他们的 DVD/CD 驱动器ata2是罪魁祸首且有缺陷：启动时出现“ata2：链接响应缓慢，请耐心等待”

另一个人发现问题在于有缺陷的固态硬盘 (SSD)：ata1：链接响应较慢，请耐心等待（ready=0）

尽一切办法运行fsck或者使用任何您可以使用的驱动测试实用程序。

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