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编辑 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件。

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编辑 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件。

我第一次尝试 ubuntu-miniaml。我刚刚进行了设置，然后看到 sshd 服务正在运行。所以我尝试从另一台机器通过 ssh 登录，使用从设置中创建的标准用户。

我实在不能。

好的，我可以从控制台访问我的虚拟机，但是...我做错了什么？如果我们不能使用用户名/密码，而且我的电脑密钥不在授权文件中，那么使用 ssh 访问的新默认方法是什么？

我调查了/etc/ssh/sshd_config

# PubkeyAuthentication Yes 
...
# PasswordAuthentication Yes
...  
ChallengeResponseAuthentication No
...
UsePam Yes

什么是 Pam？我需要在创建时打开 ssh 访问权限，因为我正在使用脚本来创建新的 vm。

通常，我创建 id，使用用户名/密码通过 ssh 访问，发送我的密钥，然后禁用通过密码进行的 ssh 登录。

但是我无法通过 SSH 在新设置上访问此发行版。我想我做错了什么，因为此发行版是为云而生的。

答案1

请确保您的 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件配置如下，以便使用密码验证进行 ssh。

编辑 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件。

  1. 要启用密码验证，请取消注释

    #PasswordAuthentication yes

  2. 要启用 root 登录，请取消注释

    #PermitRootLogin yes

  3. 要启用 ssh 密钥登录，请取消注释

    #PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

示例配置文件

root@test:~# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#       $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.101 2017/03/14 07:19:07 djm Exp $
# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file.  See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.
# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented.  Uncommented options override the
# default value.
#Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
# Ciphers and keying
#RekeyLimit default none
# Logging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
#LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
#LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes       #prohibit-password
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10
#PubkeyAuthentication yes
# Expect .ssh/authorized_keys2 to be disregarded by default in future.
#AuthorizedKeysFile     .ssh/authorized_keys .ssh/authorized_keys2
#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none
#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes
# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
PasswordAuthentication yes
#PermitEmptyPasswords no
# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication yes
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials no
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes
#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PermitTTY yes
PrintMotd no
#PrintLastLog yes
#TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS no
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none
# no default banner path
#Banner none
# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem       sftp    /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
#       X11Forwarding no
#       AllowTcpForwarding no
#       PermitTTY no
#       ForceCommand cvs server**

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