我最近从 Windows 7 切换到 Ubuntu 18.04 - 启动时间显著增加。我对 Linux 一无所知，在网上找到了一些命令，这是它们的结果：
30.014s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
3.209s apt-daily-upgrade.service
Startup finished in 3.997s (firmware) + 11.073s (loader) + 34.461s (kernel) + 31.580s (userspace) = 1min 21.113s
graphical.target reached after 31.574s in userspace
也可以通过命令 dmesg 来获取：
[ 3.196338] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[ 34.353573] EXT4-fs (dm-0): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 37.359921] wlp3s0: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b
[ 40.492024] usb 1-1.1: device descriptor read/64, error -110
[ 40.966771] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 40.966772] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 40.966775] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[ 45.898314] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=13d3, idProduct=3362
[ 45.898319] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 45.898322] usb 1-1.1: Product: Bluetooth USB Host Controller
[ 45.898325] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Atheros Communications
[ 45.898328] usb 1-1.1: SerialNumber: Alaska Day 2006
[ 47.310992] wlp3s0: deauthenticating from 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
[ 48.478143] wlp3s0: authenticate with 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b
[ 48.497623] wlp3s0: send auth to 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (try 1/3)
[ 48.531905] wlp3s0: authenticated
[ 48.535980] wlp3s0: associate with 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (try 1/3)
[ 48.541475] wlp3s0: RX AssocResp from 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (capab=0x1411 status=0 aid=1)
[ 48.541590] wlp3s0: associated
[ 48.541709] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x8114
[ 48.541711] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a country code
[ 48.541712] ath: doing EEPROM country->regdmn map search
[ 48.541714] ath: country maps to regdmn code: 0x37
[ 48.541715] ath: Country alpha2 being used: DE
[ 48.541716] ath: Regpair used: 0x37
[ 48.541718] ath: regdomain 0x8114 dynamically updated by country IE
[ 48.579891] wlp3s0: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b
[ 52.070060] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[ 52.070076] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[ 52.070080] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[ 53.093985] rfkill: input handler disabled
[ 58.542229] wlp3s0: deauthenticating from 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
[ 63.018217] wlp3s0: authenticate with 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b
[ 63.032644] wlp3s0: send auth to 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (try 1/3)
[ 63.034615] wlp3s0: authenticated
[ 63.039967] wlp3s0: associate with 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (try 1/3)
[ 63.045433] wlp3s0: RX AssocResp from 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b (capab=0x1411 status=0 aid=1)
[ 63.045543] wlp3s0: associated
[ 63.045628] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x8114
[ 63.045629] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a country code
[ 63.045639] ath: doing EEPROM country->regdmn map search
[ 63.045640] ath: country maps to regdmn code: 0x37
[ 63.045641] ath: Country alpha2 being used: DE
[ 63.045642] ath: Regpair used: 0x37
[ 63.045643] ath: regdomain 0x8114 dynamically updated by country IE
[ 63.088419] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlp3s0: link becomes ready
[ 63.132007] wlp3s0: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by 10:62:d0:1a:6a:5b
在我看来，这像是零件变慢了。这是什么原因造成的？
编辑：正如评论所指出的，我按照这里接受的答案所建议的做了：使固定
现在启动时会出现一些警告信息，我将尝试禁用静音启动来查看它。
答案1
您是否使用 mke2fs 格式化了 dm-0（LVM？）？也许这可能对你有用。