我一直尝试从源代码安装 inkscape（也尝试过 apt install），但一直出现以下错误。有人能给我解决方案吗？谢谢！
错误消息：
@owner-HP-Z840-Workstation ~/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3/build
% cmake .. [ 3:40PM]
------------------------------
Building Makefile for Inkscape
------------------------------
Source Dir: /home/owner/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3
Binary Dir: /home/owner/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3/build
-- Creating build files in: /home/owner/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3/build
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Could NOT find GTest (missing: GTEST_LIBRARY GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR GTEST_MAIN_LIBRARY)
No gmock/gtest found! Perhaps you wish to run 'bash download-gtest.sh' to download it.
-- Found PkgConfig: /usr/bin/pkg-config (found version "0.29.1")
-- Checking for modules 'pangocairo;pangoft2;fontconfig;gthread-2.0;gsl;gmodule-2.0'
-- Found pangocairo, version 1.38.1
-- Found pangoft2, version 1.38.1
-- Found fontconfig, version 2.11.94
-- Found gthread-2.0, version 2.48.2
-- Found gsl, version 2.1
-- Found gmodule-2.0, version 2.48.2
-- Checking for module 'x11'
-- Found x11, version 1.6.3
-- Checking for module 'gnome-vfs-2.0'
-- No package 'gnome-vfs-2.0' found
-- Found LCMS2: /usr/local/lib/liblcms2.so
-- Performing Test ICONV_SECOND_ARGUMENT_IS_CONST
-- Performing Test ICONV_SECOND_ARGUMENT_IS_CONST - Failed
-- Found Iconv: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so
-- Found Intl: /usr/include
-- Found BoehmGC: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgc.so
-- Checking for module 'poppler'
-- No package 'poppler' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpg-0.3'
-- No package 'libwpg-0.3' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpg-0.2'
-- No package 'libwpg-0.2' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-0.9' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-stream-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-stream-0.9' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpg-0.1'
-- No package 'libwpg-0.1' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpg-stream-0.1'
-- No package 'libwpg-stream-0.1' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-0.8'
-- No package 'libwpd-0.8' found
-- Checking for module 'libvisio-0.1'
-- No package 'libvisio-0.1' found
-- Checking for module 'libvisio-0.0'
-- No package 'libvisio-0.0' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-0.9' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-stream-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-stream-0.9' found
-- Checking for module 'libcdr-0.1'
-- No package 'libcdr-0.1' found
-- Checking for module 'libcdr-0.0'
-- No package 'libcdr-0.0' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-0.9' found
-- Checking for module 'libwpd-stream-0.9'
-- No package 'libwpd-stream-0.9' found
-- Found JPEG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (found version "80")
-- Found ZLIB: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (found version "1.2.8")
-- Found PNG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (found version "1.2.54")
-- Checking for module 'popt'
-- No package 'popt' found
CMake Error at CMakeScripts/Modules/FindPopt.cmake:82 (message):
Could not find Popt
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeScripts/DefineDependsandFlags.cmake:194 (find_package)
CMakeLists.txt:112 (include)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/home/owner/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/home/owner/Downloads/inkscape-INKSCAPE_0_92_3/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
sudo apt update [ 3:52PM]
Err:1 http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Could not resolve 'us.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Err:2 http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
Could not resolve 'us.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Err:3 http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
Could not resolve 'us.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Ign:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:5 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release
Hit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:8 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
Hit:9 http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/ InRelease
Hit:10 http://rodeo-deb.yhat.com rodeo InRelease
Err:11 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.41 80]
Ign:13 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu wily InRelease
Hit:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/inkscape.dev/stable/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:15 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu wily Release [6,596 B]
Hit:16 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_7.x xenial InRelease
Hit:17 https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial InRelease
Ign:18 http://ppa.launchpad.net/kalakris/cmake/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:6 https://americas.oxfordnanoportal.com/apt trusty-stable InRelease
Hit:19 http://cran.stat.ucla.edu/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/ InRelease
Hit:21 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:22 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thefanclub/grive-tools/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:23 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mate-dev/xenial-mate/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:24 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:25 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/sublime-text-2/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:26 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/sublime-text-3/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Err:27 http://ppa.launchpad.net/kalakris/cmake/ubuntu xenial Release
404 Not Found
Err:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thefanclub/grive-tools/ubuntu xenial Release
404 Not Found
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
N: Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://rodeo-deb.yhat.com rodeo InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/kalakris/cmake/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/thefanclub/grive-tools/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
@owner-HP-Z840-Workstation ~/Downloads/cmake-3.13.0-rc1-Linux-x86_64/bin
% sudo apt install inkscape [ 3:52PM]
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
inkscape : Depends: libgtkspell0 (>= 2.0.10) but it is not installable
Depends: libmagick++-6.q16-5v5 (>= 8:6.8.9.9-7ubuntu5.9) but it is not installable
Recommends: libwmf-bin but it is not installable
Recommends: perlmagick but it is not installable
Recommends: python-uniconvertor but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
答案1
我能够通过以下步骤解决该问题：
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
删除旧版本或损坏的链接（基本上删除打开的文件上的所有内容），然后粘贴以下内容，保存并关闭文件：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
最后，sudo apt-get update。然后您可以安装：sudo apt install inkscape。