我在用于视频制作和媒体中心的台式机上运行 Ubuntu 18.04。Kdenlive 和 Audacity 程序运行良好，Kodi 也是如此。我使用任何网络浏览器观看视频都没有问题。
我想安装 Handbreak 来将一些视频文件转换为其他格式。但我无法这样做，因为我破坏了 libavcode58 等软件包。经过几个小时的寻找和尝试不同的解决方案，我对我的电脑造成的伤害大于好处。
因此，我使用 Timeshift 程序回到了反复试验之前的状态，并在备用设备上安装了 Handbreak。问题解决了。而且我也很认同“没坏就别修”这个道理。话虽如此：
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
ffmpeg kodi kodi-inputstream-rtmp kodi-peripheral-joystick kodi-pvr-hts
libavcodec-dev libavutil-dev libchromaprint1 libgstreamer-plugins-
good1.0-0 libmlt++3 libswresample-dev libvlc-bin libvlc5 vlc-bin vlc-
data vlc-l10n vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-
visualization
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 19 not upgraded.
我有几个软件包无法升级。让它们保持这种状态让我很烦。我该怎么办？
sudo apt upgrade ffmpeg
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ffmpeg : Depends: libavcodec58 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libavdevice58 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libavfilter7 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libavformat58 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libavresample4 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libavutil56 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to be
installed
Depends: libpostproc55 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libswresample3 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to
be installed
Depends: libswscale5 (>= 10:4.1.4) but it is not going to be
installed
E: Broken packages
sudo apt-cache policy
[sudo] password for oneputtmike:
Package files:
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
release a=now
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu
bionic/main
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-
teejee2008,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Development,c=main,b=i386
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-
teejee2008,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Development,c=main,b=amd64
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-team-xbmc,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Kodi
stable,c=main,b=i386
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-team-xbmc,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Kodi
stable,c=main,b=amd64
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/stebbins/handbrake-releases/ubuntu
bionic/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-stebbins-handbrake-
releases,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=HandBrake Releases,c=main,b=amd64
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_10.x bionic/main amd64
Packages
release o=Node Source,n=bionic,l=Node Source,c=main,b=amd64
origin deb.nodesource.com
500 http://apt.keepsolid.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
release o=apt.keepsolid.com,n=bionic,l=KeepSolid apt
repository,c=main,b=amd64
origin apt.keepsolid.com
500 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64
Packages
release v=1.0,o=Google
LLC,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main,b=amd64
origin dl.google.com
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gezakovacs/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-
gezakovacs,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=UNetbootin PPA,c=main,b=i386
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gezakovacs/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-
gezakovacs,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=UNetbootin PPA,c=main,b=amd64
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com bionic/main
amd64
Packages
release o=. bionic,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=.
bionic,c=main,b=amd64
origin brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com
500 http://www.deb-multimedia.org sid/main i386 Packages
release o=Unofficial Multimedia
Packages,a=unstable,n=sid,l=Unofficial Multimedia
Packages,c=main,b=i386
origin www.deb-multimedia.org
500 http://www.deb-multimedia.org sid/main amd64 Packages
release o=Unofficial Multimedia
Packages,a=unstable,n=sid,l=Unofficial Multimedia
Packages,c=main,b=amd64
origin www.deb-multimedia.org
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
security/multiverse
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
security/multiverse
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
security/restricted
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
security/restricted
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic/partner i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Canonical,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Partner
archive,c=partner,b=i386
origin archive.canonical.com
500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic/partner amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Canonical,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Partner
archive,c=partner,b=amd64
origin archive.canonical.com
100 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
backports/universe
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
100 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
backports/universe
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
100 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
100 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
updates/multiverse
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
updates/multiverse
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe
i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
updates/restricted
i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-
updates/restricted
amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main
amd64
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-
updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse i386
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/universe i386
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted i386
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/main i386
Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
500 http://la-mirrors.evowise.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64
Packages
release
v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin la-mirrors.evowise.com
Pinned packages:
答案1
哇，比我想象的还要糟糕。在我看来，保存你的数据并安装新的。永远不要在 ubuntu 中使用 Debian 软件包源。
如果您想要最新的软件包，请使用像 Arch 这样的滚动发布发行版。