我意外地将系统从 Ubuntu 14.04 升级到了 16.04。一切运行正常，但最近我无法再挂载 /dev/sda6 分区 (exFAT)。运行后：
sudo mount /dev/sda6 /media/zorz/Data/
我收到以下错误：
mount: according to mtab, `/dev/sda6` is already mounted on /media/zorz/Data
如果我尝试通过单击来执行此操作，则会出现更详细的错误：
Error mounting /dev/sda6 at /media/zorz/Data: Command-line `mount -t "exfat" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,namecase=0,errors=remount-ro,umask=0077" "/dev/sda6" "/media/zorz/Data"' exited with non-zero exit status 1:
stdout: `FUSE exfat 1.2.3
'
stderr: `mount: according to mtab, /dev/sda6 is already mounted on /media/zorz/Data
'
基本上，我在例如下创建的任何目录/media/zorz/test3都会出现类似的错误，但这次它以以下内容结尾test3：
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sda6 is already mounted on /media/zorz/test3
此分区用于执行文件和运行脚本，Ubuntu 和 Windows 10 都可以访问它，因为到目前为止我已经运行了双启动几年了。我不确定这个错误是否是升级的结果，但我记得升级后，系统重新启动时没有卸载它。通常如果发生这种情况，我只会收到sda6未干净卸载的警告。我已经尝试了其他类似问题的解决方案，但没有成功。还有其他建议我可以检查什么才能使它起作用吗？作为最后的手段，我会进行全新安装。
（针对评论中提出的解决方案进行了更新）文件夹/media/zorz/Data/是一个空文件夹。如果我按照建议单击 Nautilus 中的分区，我再次收到相同的错误。exfat 支持在发布此信息之前已更新，但仍然没有任何改进，错误仍然存在。
umount
zorz@zorz-LIFEBOOK-E554:~$ sudo umount /media/zorz/Data
umount: /media/zorz/Data: not mounted
zorz@zorz-LIFEBOOK-E554:~$ sudo umount /dev/sda6
umount: /dev/sda6: not mounted
在fstab和中mtab，没有对 sda6 的引用。该命令没有输出。 、和mount -a的输出包含以下内容：mountudisks --dumplsblk
fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda8 during installation
UUID=527ea26f-c915-47a9-af81-248d56f41b9d / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=4CF8-0068 /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda9 during installation
UUID=4c6dc5ae-7633-4913-bfce-c0c4cb724c0c none swap sw 0 0
mtab
/dev/sda2 /boot/efi vfat rw 0 0
binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0
systemd /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd cgroup rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,none,name=systemd 0 0
mount
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,relatime,size=6082360k,nr_inodes=1520590,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=1219396k,mode=755)
/dev/sda8 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=4k,mode=755)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,relatime)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,relatime)
none on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,relatime)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=102400k,mode=755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda2 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,name=systemd)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
udisks --dump
========================================================================
Showing information for /org/freedesktop/UDisks/devices/sda6
native-path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata5/host4/target4:0:0/4:0:0:0/block/sda/sda6
device: 8:6
device-file: /dev/sda6
presentation: /dev/sda6
by-id: /dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA_MQ01ABF050_85TKC1GHT-part6
by-id: /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000039673c8afb8-part6
by-id: /dev/disk/by-uuid/5A82-0E81
by-path: /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-5-part6
detected at: Fri 31 Jan 2020 01:14:53 AM CET
system internal: 1
removable: 0
has media: 1 (detected at Fri 31 Jan 2020 01:14:53 AM CET)
detects change: 0
detection by polling: 0
detection inhibitable: 0
detection inhibited: 0
is read only: 0
is mounted: 0
mount paths:
mounted by uid: 0
presentation hide: 0
presentation nopolicy: 0
presentation name:
presentation icon:
automount hint:
size: 107374182400
block size: 512
job underway: no
usage: filesystem
type: exfat
version: 1.0
uuid: 5A82-0E81
label: Data
partition:
part of: /org/freedesktop/UDisks/devices/sda
scheme: gpt
number: 6
type: EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
flags:
offset: 149622358016
alignment offset: 0
size: 107374182400
label: Basic data partition
uuid: 0636A8B6-8189-400C-B410-4EA200FC4B70
========================================================================
lsblk
zorz@zorz-LIFEBOOK-E554:~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda3 8:3 0 128M 0 part
├─sda4 8:4 0 57.2G 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 80G 0 part
├─sda6 8:6 0 100G 0 part
├─sda7 8:7 0 15G 0 part
├─sda8 8:8 0 205.5G 0 part /
└─sda9 8:9 0 5.9G 0 part [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
答案1
您的 mtab 文件看起来不完整。从 14.04 升级到 16.04 的人提交了一些错误，看起来使用 14.04 设置可能无法正确更新 mtab。
比较14.04 的安装手册页和16.04 的安装手册页表明文件发生了变化/etc/mtab。
14.04 使用“真正的 mtab 文件”，而 16.04 使用符号链接/proc/mounts或/proc/self/mounts。
mtab首先，通过运行以下命令备份现有文件：
sudo cp /etc/mtab /etc/mtabbackup
然后，通过运行以下命令创建符号链接/proc/self/mounts（确保复制并粘贴此命令或确保不要在这里颠倒顺序，因为这很重要！)：
sudo ln -fs /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
现在，您可以查看是否可以挂载或卸载该分区，或者重新启动并重试。