我在台式电脑 Intel i9 Core 16Gb RAM ASUS 主板上使用 Ubuntu 20.04。有时，当我运行 OBS Studio、Skype、Chrome 等应用程序时，我的电脑会突然重启。我不知道原因是什么，也找不到合适的文章来帮助解决这个问题。接下来，我将解释我的尝试，试图找出硬件可能存在的问题。
输入后的结果last reboot显示，我之前的 Ubuntu 运行在意外重启后显示为“仍在运行”：
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Wed Aug 26 11:00 still running
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Tue Aug 25 06:20 still running
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 24 06:38 - 00:06 (17:28)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 23 18:52 - 23:36 (04:44)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 23 06:32 - 23:36 (17:04)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Thu Aug 20 09:42 - 18:17 (2+08:35)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 21:55 - 22:22 (00:26)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 09:22 - 21:55 (12:33)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 09:00 - 21:55 (12:54)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 08:55 - 21:55 (12:59)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 05:56 - 07:37 (01:40)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Mon Aug 17 05:34 - 07:37 (02:02)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 21:09 - 00:07 (02:58)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 20:52 - 21:09 (00:17)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 20:38 - 20:51 (00:12)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 20:14 - 20:38 (00:23)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 20:05 - 20:38 (00:33)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 19:31 - 20:38 (01:07)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:39 - 19:30 (00:51)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:27 - 18:38 (00:11)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:22 - 18:27 (00:04)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:18 - 18:27 (00:08)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:16 - 18:27 (00:10)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 18:11 - 18:27 (00:15)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 16:42 - 18:11 (01:28)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 16:30 - 16:42 (00:11)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 16:22 - 16:30 (00:08)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 16:13 - 16:22 (00:08)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 15:50 - 16:13 (00:23)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 15:46 - 16:13 (00:27)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 14:01 - 15:42 (01:41)
reboot system boot 5.4.0-42-generic Sun Aug 16 13:50 - 14:00 (00:09)
计算机硬件配置如下：
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) (rev 0d)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Desktop 9 Series) (rev 02)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 200 Series/Z370 Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH CSME HECI #1
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH SATA controller [AHCI mode]
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f0)
00:1c.7 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #8 (rev f0)
00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #11 (rev f0)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device a2ca
00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation 200 Series/Z370 Chipset Family Power Management Controller
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH HD Audio
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation 200 Series/Z370 Chipset Family SMBus Controller
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208 [GeForce GT 710] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)
我第一次安装 Ubuntu 时，曾多次尝试让 Nvidia 驱动程序运行，但官方的 nvidia 驱动程序都无法识别我的 nvidia 卡。因此，我目前正在运行 Noveau 驱动程序。
stress-ng我使用安装的工具对我的 CPU 进行了压力测试，powertop以检查我的硬件设备的功耗。我的计算机连接到无间断（600 Va），压力测试期间硬件的最大功耗为 104W。根据sensors，压力测试期间我的 CPU 核心的温度为：
coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0: +92.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0: +91.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1: +87.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 2: +92.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 3: +91.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 4: +92.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 5: +91.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 6: +89.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 7: +89.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
acpitz-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
temp1: +27.8°C (crit = +119.0°C)
temp2: +29.8°C (crit = +119.0°C)
powertop相同压力测试期间的输出：
System baseline power is estimated at 104 W
Power est. Usage Device name
85.4 W 1065% CPU core
9.68 W 1065% CPU misc
1.01 W 1065% DRAM
100,0% PCI Device: NVIDIA Corporation GK208 [GeForce GT 710]
100,0% USB device: xHCI Host Controller
100,0% USB device: USB Optical Mouse (Logitech)
100,0% USB device: USB Keyboard (USB)
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series/Z370 Chipset Family Power Management Controller
100,0% PCI Device: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH SATA controller [AHCI mode]
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #5
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Device a2ca
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16)
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #8
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH HD Audio
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 8th Gen Core 8-core Desktop Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers [Coffee
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series PCH PCI Express Root Port #11
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Desktop 9 Series)
100,0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 200 Series/Z370 Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
100,0% Audio codec hwC0D0: Realtek
18,6 pkts/s Network interface: enp3s0 (r8169)
有人能告诉我我的电脑出了什么问题吗？我很感激你的建议！
谢谢！
答案1
CPU 温度
该stress-ng工具显示所有 8 个 CPU 的温度均为 87.0°C 至 92.0°C（接近 200°F）。这些温度会毁坏您的机器。
检查风扇是否正确接线、连接和运行。
检查您的 BIOS 中的自定义风扇设置。
尽快降低温度！
超频
如果您的 CPU 或 RAM 超频，请将其恢复为默认值。
BIOS
华硕 PRIME H310M-E R2.0/BR
您的 BIOS 版本为 1402，日期为 2020 年 5 月 21 日。
有较新的 BIOS 可用，版本 1605，日期为 2020 年 8 月 14 日，可以下载这里。
注意：请确认我拥有适合您主板的正确网页。
注意：更新 BIOS 之前请做好备份。
英伟达
NVIDIA 公司 GK208 [GeForce GT 710]
关于 Nvidia 的问题...当前驱动程序版本为 450.66，可以下载这里。
确认 BIOS 中已禁用安全启动。
清除所有当前的 Nvidia 驱动程序，然后安装新的驱动程序。
更新＃1：
您从 Nvidia 驱动程序收到的消息表明 450.66 不支持您的视频卡，因此它们不适用于您的配置。您需要联系 Nvidia 支持部门询问要使用哪个驱动程序。在此之前，请选择 Nouveau 视频驱动程序，然后再次清除所有 Nvidia 内容。
答案2
的输出ps auxc | grep therm是：
root 228 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 07:39 0:00 acpi_thermal_pm
root 872 0.0 0.0 134500 9892 ? Ssl 07:40 0:00 thermald
我成功更新了 BIOS 版本并安装了 Nvidia 驱动程序 450，但计算机在安装过程中自行重启。
我的计算机空闲时的温度如下：
sensors
nct6796-isa-0290
Adapter: ISA adapter
Vcore: 328.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +1.74 V)
in1: 1.02 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
AVCC: 3.39 V (min = +2.98 V, max = +3.63 V)
+3.3V: 3.41 V (min = +2.98 V, max = +3.63 V)
in4: 1.02 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in5: 160.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in6: 128.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
3VSB: 3.39 V (min = +2.98 V, max = +3.63 V)
Vbat: 3.17 V (min = +2.70 V, max = +3.63 V)
in9: 1000.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in10: 152.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in11: 128.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in12: 144.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in13: 128.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
in14: 136.00 mV (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
fan1: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
fan2: 1220 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
fan3: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
fan4: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
fan5: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
fan7: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM)
SYSTIN: +32.0°C (high = +98.0°C, hyst = +95.0°C) sensor = thermistor
CPUTIN: +31.5°C (high = +80.0°C, hyst = +75.0°C) sensor = thermistor
AUXTIN0: +110.0°C sensor = thermistor
AUXTIN1: +115.0°C sensor = thermistor
AUXTIN2: +114.0°C sensor = thermistor
AUXTIN3: +115.0°C sensor = thermistor
PECI Agent 0: +34.0°C (high = +98.0°C, hyst = +95.0°C)
(crit = +100.0°C)
PECI Agent 0 Calibration: +31.5°C
PCH_CHIP_CPU_MAX_TEMP: +0.0°C
PCH_CHIP_TEMP: +0.0°C
intrusion0: OK
intrusion1: ALARM
beep_enable: disabled
acpitz-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
temp1: +27.8°C (crit = +119.0°C)
temp2: +29.8°C (crit = +119.0°C)
coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0: +38.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0: +35.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1: +34.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 2: +38.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 3: +35.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 4: +33.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 5: +34.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 6: +35.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 7: +34.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
重启后，我看到 Nvidia 450 驱动程序已安装，但是当我输入时nvidia-smi，收到以下消息：
NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
附言：这台电脑很新颖……我两周前买的。