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为什么 apt-get 会随机检查不存在的资源？

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为什么 apt-get 会随机检查不存在的资源？

我有一个自动化脚本，除其他任务外，它还更新源代码，apt-get update然后通过apt-get install.

偶尔（10-20% 的时间）apt-get update会失败并出现以下错误：

init[356]: W: 获取失败http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/source/Sources 404 Not Found
init[356]: E: 某些索引文件下载失败。它们已被忽略，或使用旧的。

事实上，浏览器显示引用的文件不存在：对应的目录仅包含以下文件：

  • Release
  • Sources.gz
  • Sources.xz

stdout失败的原因如下apt-get update：

Get:1 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease [63.1 kB]
Ign http://http.us.debian.org jessie InRelease
Get:2 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Sources [160 kB]
Get:3 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease [142 kB]
Get:4 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages [302 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Translation-en [161 kB]
Hit http://http.us.debian.org jessie Release.gpg
Get:6 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main Sources [15.5 kB]
Get:7 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex [5,440 B]
Get:8 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main Translation-en/DiffIndex [2,704 B]
Hit http://http.us.debian.org jessie Release
Get:9 http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [6,761 kB]
Get:10 http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main Translation-en [4,580 kB]
Err http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main Sources
  404  Not Found
Fetched 12.2 MB in 28s (433 kB/s)

最后两个 HTTP 请求是：

http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/i18n/Translation-en.bz2
http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/source/Sources

相比之下，这是apt-get update在原始机器失败后从同一台机器手动运行的：

Ign http://http.us.debian.org jessie InRelease
Get:1 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease [142 kB]
Get:2 http://http.us.debian.org jessie Release.gpg [2,373 B]              
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Sources
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages
Get:3 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex [5,440 B]
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Translation-en
Get:4 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main Translation-en/DiffIndex [2,704 B]
Get:5 http://http.us.debian.org jessie Release [148 kB]
Get:6 http://http.us.debian.org jessie-updates/main Sources [15.5 kB]
Get:7 http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main Sources [7,057 kB]
Get:8 http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [6,761 kB]
Get:9 http://http.us.debian.org jessie/main Translation-en [4,580 kB]
Fetched 18.7 MB in 12s (1,557 kB/s)                                            
Reading package lists... Done

Get:7以及对应于to 的三个 URI Get:9：

http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/source/Sources.xz
http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz
http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/jessie/main/i18n/Translation-en.bz2

为什么apt-get update有时会发现应该下载Sources.xz，而其他时候却试图获取丢失的内容Sources？

答案1

从任何地方下载 xz（或 gz）压缩列表文件

echo 'Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: { "xz"; "gz"; };' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/47compress

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