我在使用 Steam Launcher 时发现了一些有趣的事情。
系统：
系统是配备 Nvidia Quadro M1000M 的 ThinkPad P50。它是 Ubuntu 21.10 - 全新安装。Nvidia 驱动程序 495。
Steam 启动器是从 Ubuntu 软件应用程序安装的。
Nvidia 仅设置为专用显卡。（在 nvidia 设置程序中，它设置为“Nvidia”，而不是“Nvidia On demand”或“Intel”）
问题：
当我单击 steam 图标时，它有时会短暂弹出小更新程序窗口，然后什么都不会发生。ps显示了一个已停止的 steam 进程。
ps aux | grep steam
user 17368 0.0 0.0 18840 3816 ? S 09:24 0:00 bash /home/arbs/.steam/debian-installation/steam.sh -nominidumps -nobreakpad
user 17512 4.3 0.0 0 0 ? Zl 09:24 0:00 [steam] <defunct>
这个停止的进程将一直停留在那里直到我将其终止。
奇怪的是：
如果我只是使用终端启动 steam，通过运行steam，它就可以正常工作！这很奇怪，因为这正是 steam.desktop 文件在您单击桌面图标时执行的操作
关于如何让图标正常工作，您有什么想法吗？谢谢！
答案1
将我的笔记本电脑升级到 Ubuntu 21.04 并将 Nvidia 驱动程序升级到版本 495 后，我也遇到了同样的问题。从终端运行它也可以。
我查看了我的/var/log/syslog文件，从桌面启动 Steam 后发现了以下内容。
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306442] ------------[ cut here ]------------
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306447] kernel BUG at drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:154!
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306452] invalid opcode: 0000 [#12] SMP NOPTI
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306454] CPU: 11 PID: 34354 Comm: steam Tainted: P D OE 5.11.0-41-generic #45-Ubuntu
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306456] Hardware name: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. TUF Gaming FA706IU_TUF706IU/FA706IU, BIOS FA706IU.311 09/11/2020
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306457] RIP: 0010:drm_gem_private_object_init+0x89/0x90 [drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306476] Code: c7 83 d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 83 e7 f8 29 fb 8d 8b d8 00 00 00 c1 e9 03 f3 48 ab 5b 41 5c 5d c3 4c 89 a3 f8 00 00 00 eb c7 <0f> 0b 0f 1f 44 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 48 89 e5 41 54 49 89 d4 53
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306477] RSP: 0018:ffffacb107127cf0 EFLAGS: 00210206
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306479] RAX: ffff9b58986d3370 RBX: ffff9b58986d3360 RCX: 0000000000000200
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306480] RDX: 0000000000000200 RSI: ffff9b58986d3200 RDI: ffff9b5800a90000
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306481] RBP: ffffacb107127d18 R08: ffff9b58966fc088 R09: ffff9b58966fc088
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306482] R10: ffff9b580d564008 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff9b58986d3200
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306483] R13: 0000000000000200 R14: ffff9b5800a90000 R15: ffff9b58aff82200
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306484] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9b5b1f8c0000(0063) knlGS:00000000f77e3740
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306485] CS: 0010 DS: 002b ES: 002b CR0: 0000000080050033
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306487] CR2: 00000000572a3000 CR3: 00000001929c2000 CR4: 0000000000350ee0
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306488] Call Trace:
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306490] ? nv_drm_gem_object_init+0x60/0x70 [nvidia_drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306494] nv_drm_gem_import_nvkms_memory_ioctl+0xb9/0x130 [nvidia_drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306496] ? nv_drm_dumb_create+0x1e0/0x1e0 [nvidia_drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306499] drm_ioctl_kernel+0xae/0xf0 [drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306513] drm_ioctl+0x253/0x410 [drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306526] ? nv_drm_dumb_create+0x1e0/0x1e0 [nvidia_drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306529] ? nvidia_ioctl+0x3a7/0x8e0 [nvidia]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306712] drm_compat_ioctl+0xdf/0xf0 [drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306729] __do_compat_sys_ioctl+0x140/0x160
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306733] __ia32_compat_sys_ioctl+0x1a/0x20
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306735] __do_fast_syscall_32+0x65/0xa0
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306738] do_fast_syscall_32+0x34/0x80
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306739] entry_SYSCALL_compat_after_hwframe+0x45/0x4d
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306742] RIP: 0023:0xf7f15549
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306743] Code: 03 74 c0 01 10 05 03 74 b8 01 10 06 03 74 b4 01 10 07 03 74 b0 01 10 08 03 74 d8 01 00 00 00 00 00 51 52 55 89 cd 0f 05 cd 80 <5d> 5a 59 c3 90 90 90 90 8d b4 26 00 00 00 00 8d b4 26 00 00 00 00
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306745] RSP: 002b:00000000ffe9d548 EFLAGS: 00200296 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000036
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306746] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000011 RCX: 00000000c0206441
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306747] RDX: 00000000ffe9d5d4 RSI: 000000005727a7b0 RDI: 00000000ffe9d5a0
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306748] RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306749] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306749] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306751] Modules linked in: ccm rfcomm xt_CHECKSUM xt_MASQUERADE xt_conntrack ipt_REJECT nf_reject_ipv4 xt_tcpudp nft_compat nft_chain_nat nf_nat nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 nft_counter nf_tables libcrc32c nfnetlink bridge stp snd_seq_dummy snd_hrtimer nls_utf8 appletalk psnap llc cifs cmac fscache overlay libdes algif_hash algif_skcipher af_alg bnep binfmt_misc nvidia_uvm(POE) intel_rapl_msr intel_rapl_common edac_mce_amd nvidia_drm(POE) nvidia_modeset(POE) nvidia(POE) amdgpu snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_codec_generic ledtrig_audio snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_intel snd_intel_dspcfg soundwire_intel soundwire_generic_allocation soundwire_cadence snd_hda_codec kvm_amd snd_hda_core soundwire_bus snd_soc_core kvm rtw88_8822ce snd_usb_audio rtw88_8822c snd_compress ac97_bus rtw88_pci snd_usbmidi_lib snd_pcm_dmaengine iommu_v2 snd_hwdep rtw88_core gpu_sched crct10dif_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel drm_ttm_helper snd_pcm nls_iso8859_1 ttm aesni_intel btusb snd_seq_midi btrtl
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306780] uvcvideo crypto_simd mac80211 btbcm snd_seq_midi_event videobuf2_vmalloc btintel videobuf2_memops cryptd videobuf2_v4l2 glue_helper snd_rawmidi bluetooth videobuf2_common drm_kms_helper snd_seq rapl videodev input_leds snd_seq_device cec snd_timer serio_raw hid_multitouch rc_core joydev i2c_algo_bit asus_nb_wmi ecdh_generic fb_sys_fops mc efi_pstore snd_rn_pci_acp3x ecc wmi_bmof syscopyarea cfg80211 k10temp snd snd_pci_acp3x sysfillrect ccp ucsi_ccg sysimgblt soundcore libarc4 ucsi_acpi typec_ucsi typec asus_wireless mac_hid sch_fq_codel msr parport_pc ppdev lp drm parport ip_tables x_tables autofs4 usbhid hid_generic mfd_aaeon asus_wmi sparse_keymap r8169 nvme crc32_pclmul ahci i2c_hid xhci_pci nvme_core i2c_piix4 libahci realtek xhci_pci_renesas i2c_nvidia_gpu wmi video hid
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.306812] ---[ end trace 6fb93b3dd8673b0d ]---
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334017] RIP: 0010:drm_gem_private_object_init+0x89/0x90 [drm]
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334038] Code: c7 83 d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 83 e7 f8 29 fb 8d 8b d8 00 00 00 c1 e9 03 f3 48 ab 5b 41 5c 5d c3 4c 89 a3 f8 00 00 00 eb c7 <0f> 0b 0f 1f 44 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 48 89 e5 41 54 49 89 d4 53
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334040] RSP: 0018:ffffacb10170fcf0 EFLAGS: 00210206
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334042] RAX: ffff9b5872128970 RBX: ffff9b5872128960 RCX: 0000000000000200
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334043] RDX: 0000000000000200 RSI: ffff9b5872128800 RDI: ffff9b5800a90000
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334044] RBP: ffffacb10170fd18 R08: ffff9b580bc44a08 R09: ffff9b580bc44a08
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334045] R10: ffff9b580d564008 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff9b5872128800
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334046] R13: 0000000000000200 R14: ffff9b5800a90000 R15: ffff9b5876eeb600
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334047] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9b5b1f8c0000(0063) knlGS:00000000f77e3740
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334048] CS: 0010 DS: 002b ES: 002b CR0: 0000000080050033
Dec 9 12:05:18 cdeacon-bigmode kernel: [ 3212.334050] CR2: 00000000572a3000 CR3: 00000001929c2000 CR4: 0000000000350ee0
我认为我的问题是由于 GNOME 和桌面图标使用 Nvidia 的专用 GPU 而导致的，而目前驱动程序中似乎存在某种错误。因此，在我看来，您需要在使用集成显卡的情况下启动 Steam，直到 Nvidia 修复此问题。
修改位于的桌面图标（如果您想在主目录下修改它，/usr/share/applications/steam.desktop也可以将其复制到）并设置以下内容已为我解决了该问题：~/.local/share/applications
PrefersNonDefaultGPU=false
X-KDE-RunOnDiscreteGpu=false # This probably had no effect since I'm running GNOME, but just set it in-case.
默认情况下这些设置为 true。
我还必须重新启动才能使此更改生效。我确实尝试通过以下命令清除图标缓存，但出于某种原因，这些命令不起作用。
# Attempted Solution #1
sudo update-icon-caches /usr/share/icons/*
sudo update-icon-caches /usr/share/applications/*
# Attempted Solution #2
sudo touch /usr/share/icons/hicolor ~/.local/share/icons/hicolor
sudo gtk-update-icon-cache
希望以上内容对您有帮助！