我有一个旧的HP Stream 13-c002dx在 Windows 8.1 下变得越来越不稳定。我将 xubuntu 22.04 实时磁盘下载到 USB 驱动器上，并成功从驱动器中提取了我关心的所有数据，尽管复制过程中出现了一些 I/O 错误。
关于 HP Stream 13 的说明：它是一款便宜的主板上集成了 32GB eMMC 硬盘的赛扬笔记本电脑。如果硬盘坏了，我就得更换主板或扔掉这台笔记本电脑。
该驱动器为/dev/mmcblk0。以下是根据 的分区表gdisk：
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 534527 260.0 MiB EF00 EFI system partition
2 534528 796671 128.0 MiB 0C01 Microsoft reserved ...
3 796672 45119487 21.1 GiB 0700 Basic data partition
4 45119488 61077503 7.6 GiB 2700 Basic data partition
通过 BIOS 系统诊断屏幕对硬盘进行快速扫描，没有显示任何错误。我认为这有点可疑，因为文件复制期间出现了 I/O 错误，但它确实表明驱动器没有处于故障边缘。
在下面安装 Xubuntu 22.04.LTS，我点击继续在将更改写入磁盘对话框。时区窗口出现了，但几秒钟后我得到了一个对话框，上面写着
Error!!!
Input/Output error during write on /dev/mmcblk0
[Retry] [Ignore] [Cancel]
有时安装程序会在此时冻结，需要xkill，如果它没有冻结，单击任何按钮都会弹出错误
Failed to create a file system
The efi file system creation in partition #1 of MMC/SD cart #1 (mmcblk0) failed
[OK]
单击[OK]可以取消文件系统创建并取消安装。
无论我怎么尝试，分区都是不是感动。我甚至尝试使用 gparted 删除它们。再次，我收到 I/O 错误。
我做我认为硬盘有问题；我希望格式化硬盘的过程会标记并将坏扇区列入黑名单，这样我就可以使用笔记本电脑，直到硬盘完全损坏。看来我无法写入分区表，但它不可能完全损坏，因为我仍然可以重新启动 Windows，并且仍然可以看到分区。
感觉好像有什么东西在积极阻止我写入分区表。这显然是不是可能是电缆未插好或者其他问题，因为驱动器集成在主板中。我下一步该尝试什么？
摘录/var/kern/log显示了我在安装过程中尝试将更改写入磁盘后出现的 I/O 错误。
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.548945] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.548981] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.550726] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 61079544 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.550755] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 7634943, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.551988] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.552016] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.557041] mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3 p4
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562617] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 3 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562632] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562653] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 1, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562661] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 2, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562854] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 61079528 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 3 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562865] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 7634941, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562880] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 7634942, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.562893] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 7634943, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.575989] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 5 prio class 0
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.576007] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, lost async page write
Nov 4 13:58:01 xubuntu kernel: [2335561.576926] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 61079512 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 5 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906219] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 2048 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906239] buffer_io_error: 9 callbacks suppressed
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906241] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 0, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906270] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 1, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906278] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 2, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906285] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 3, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906293] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 4, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906300] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 5, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906306] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 6, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906318] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 7, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906331] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 8, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.906344] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0p1, logical block 9, lost async page write
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.911993] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 3072 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.917732] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 4096 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.923440] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 5120 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.929061] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 6144 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.934865] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 7168 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.941732] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 8192 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.946324] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 9216 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4800 phys_seg 128 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:00:28 xubuntu kernel: [2335708.946632] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 10240 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 5 prio class 0
Nov 4 14:02:49 xubuntu kernel: [2335849.802252] mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3 p4