我的 Ubuntu 启动速度非常慢，经常卡死，甚至保存文件和退出编辑器都需要很长时间。使用一小时后系统就会卡死，使用 Chrome 等任何程序都非常慢，因为每次打开或浏览选项卡时都必须等待一段时间
cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS"
uname -a
Linux gilead 5.10.0-1050-oem #52-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 6 12:58:49 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 3890308 0 3890308 0% /dev
tmpfs 786744 2188 784556 1% /run
/dev/sda3 951292564 53517336 849382476 6% /
tmpfs 3933720 275708 3658012 8% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 3933720 0 3933720 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 56960 56960 0 100% /snap/core18/2620
/dev/loop2 56960 56960 0 100% /snap/core18/2632
/dev/loop3 117760 117760 0 100% /snap/core/14056
/dev/loop5 56448 56448 0 100% /snap/cups/836
/dev/loop4 168832 168832 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/161
/dev/loop8 93952 93952 0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1535
/dev/loop7 55552 55552 0 100% /snap/snap-store/558
/dev/loop1 224256 224256 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/77
/dev/loop10 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1634
/dev/loop6 128 128 0 100% /snap/bare/5
/dev/loop13 83328 83328 0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1534
/dev/loop12 354688 354688 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/119
/dev/loop11 224256 224256 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/72
/dev/loop16 47104 47104 0 100% /snap/snap-store/599
/dev/loop9 149120 149120 0 100% /snap/chromium/2188
/dev/loop17 117760 117760 0 100% /snap/core/13886
/dev/loop15 354688 354688 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/115
/dev/loop14 148864 148864 0 100% /snap/chromium/2193
/dev/loop18 166784 166784 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/145
/dev/loop19 64768 64768 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/sda1 840704 34788 805916 5% /boot/efi
tmpfs 786744 36 786708 1% /run/user/1001
我已附加来自 sudo journalctl -b0 的日志。请参阅https://pastebin.com/D3bmvcgh
free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7867448 2164864 3112716 495808 2589868 4905968
Swap: 2097148 0 2097148
df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev 972578 605 971973 1% /dev
tmpfs 983431 1215 982216 1% /run
/dev/sda3 60473344 823847 59649497 2% /
tmpfs 983431 145 983286 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 983431 4 983427 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 983431 18 983413 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1 27806 27806 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/161
/dev/loop5 76208 76208 0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1535
/dev/loop6 10873 10873 0 100% /snap/core18/2620
/dev/loop0 2587 2587 0 100% /snap/cups/836
/dev/loop2 11885 11885 0 100% /snap/core20/1634
/dev/loop11 10873 10873 0 100% /snap/core18/2632
/dev/loop7 29 29 0 100% /snap/bare/5
/dev/loop10 12848 12848 0 100% /snap/core/14056
/dev/loop9 27807 27807 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/145
/dev/loop13 76177 76177 0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1534
/dev/loop14 17275 17275 0 100% /snap/snap-store/599
/dev/loop12 18121 18121 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/115
/dev/loop8 17311 17311 0 100% /snap/snap-store/558
/dev/loop4 1004 1004 0 100% /snap/chromium/2188
/dev/loop15 18272 18272 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/119
/dev/loop17 1004 1004 0 100% /snap/chromium/2193
/dev/loop16 12845 12845 0 100% /snap/core/13886
/dev/loop19 18500 18500 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/72
/dev/loop18 11897 11897 0 100% /snap/core20/1695
/dev/loop3 18500 18500 0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/77
/dev/sda1 0 0 0 - /boot/efi
tmpfs 983431 95 983336 1% /run/user/1001
编辑 1：无法启动我的终端和浏览器，因为它一直在旋转
编辑2：
systemd-analyze blame
1min 26.374s fstrim.service
55.496s plymouth-quit-wait.service
29.394s snapd.service
27.532s docker.service
23.801s containerd.service
23.387s networkd-dispatcher.service
20.075s systemd-journal-flush.service
19.395s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
19.152s dev-sda3.device
14.893s udisks2.service
9.877s accounts-daemon.service
8.088s polkit.service
7.966s avahi-daemon.service
7.964s bluetooth.service
7.956s NetworkManager.service
7.588s dev-loop0.device
7.443s switcheroo-control.service
7.438s thermald.service
7.436s systemd-logind.service
7.436s wpa_supplicant.service
7.198s systemd-modules-load.service
6.882s dev-loop6.device
6.853s dev-loop12.device
6.383s dev-loop11.device
6.302s dev-loop3.device
6.079s dev-loop19.device
5.839s dev-loop13.device
5.809s dev-loop14.device
5.794s dev-loop9.device
5.637s dev-loop10.device
5.495s systemd-random-seed.service
5.410s dev-loop8.device
5.246s dev-loop7.device
5.024s dev-loop2.device
5.006s dev-loop16.device
4.834s dev-loop5.device
4.821s dev-loop4.device
4.763s dev-loop18.device
4.531s dev-loop15.device
4.345s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
3.938s dev-loop17.device
3.861s gpu-manager.service
3.482s dev-loop1.device
3.259s grub-common.service
3.025s keyboard-setup.service
2.689s ssh.service
2.689s preload.service
2.631s secureboot-db.service
2.576s gdm.service
2.448s rsyslog.service
2.390s systemd-udevd.service
2.321s systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
2.223s systemd-udev-trigger.service
2.214s apport.service
2.146s ufw.service
2.050s apparmor.service
1.886s fwupd.service
1.853s systemd-remount-fs.service
1.706s tlp.service
1.607s snap-core-14056.mount
1.598s e2scrub_reap.service
1.490s systemd-sysusers.service
1.414s snap-core18-2632.mount
1.360s systemd-sysctl.service
1.202s snap-core18-2620.mount
1.136s snap-cups-836.mount
1.125s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-119.mount
1.125s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-16A4\x2dF313.service
1.038s snap-core20-1695.mount
985ms snapd.apparmor.service
981ms snap-core-13886.mount
922ms swapfile.swap
802ms grub-initrd-fallback.service
734ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-145.mount
726ms snap-bare-5.mount
710ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-77.mount
682ms snap-chromium-2193.mount
647ms snap-snap\x2dstore-558.mount
630ms boot-efi.mount
621ms lvm2-monitor.service
590ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-161.mount
579ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-72.mount
561ms snap-chromium-2221.mount
557ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1534.mount
554ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1535.mount
550ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-115.mount
539ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
535ms upower.service
505ms snap-snap\x2dstore-599.mount
477ms systemd-journald.service
476ms dev-hugepages.mount
474ms dev-mqueue.mount
473ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
472ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
464ms pppd-dns.service
461ms blk-availability.service
461ms kmod-static-nodes.service
460ms modprobe@efi_pstore.service
459ms [email protected]
455ms snapd.seeded.service
321ms kerneloops.service
300ms motd-news.service
255ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
220ms systemd-timesyncd.service
199ms rtkit-daemon.service
198ms snap-core20-1634.mount
193ms alsa-restore.service
186ms openvpn.service
159ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
124ms [email protected]
121ms console-setup.service
119ms setvtrgb.service
106ms systemd-user-sessions.service
77ms systemd-update-utmp.service
66ms systemd-resolved.service
64ms modprobe@chromeos_pstore.service
17ms [email protected]
12ms plymouth-start.service
12ms systemd-backlight@leds:dell::kbd_backlight.service
11ms ModemManager.service
11ms plymouth-read-write.service
6ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
4ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
2ms sys-kernel-config.mount
2ms modprobe@pstore_blk.service
2ms finalrd.service
2ms docker.socket
1ms modprobe@pstore_zone.service
1ms snapd.socket
编辑 3：fstrim 的输出
journalctl -u fstrim
-- Logs begin at Thu 2022-11-03 12:01:24 IST, end at Mon 2022-11-28 11:32:20 IST. --
Nov 07 07:14:22 gilead systemd[1]: Starting Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab...
-- Reboot --
Nov 14 07:40:24 gilead systemd[1]: Starting Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab...
Nov 14 07:44:20 gilead fstrim[313357]: /boot/efi: 787 MiB (825257984 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda1
Nov 14 07:44:20 gilead fstrim[313357]: /: 858.4 GiB (921678942208 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda3
Nov 14 07:44:20 gilead systemd[1]: fstrim.service: Succeeded.
Nov 14 07:44:20 gilead systemd[1]: Finished Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab.
-- Reboot --
Nov 21 06:28:29 gilead systemd[1]: Starting Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab...
Nov 21 07:36:49 gilead fstrim[204538]: /boot/efi: 787 MiB (825257984 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda1
Nov 21 07:36:49 gilead fstrim[204538]: /: 857.1 GiB (920249229312 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda3
Nov 21 07:36:47 gilead systemd[1]: fstrim.service: Succeeded.
Nov 21 07:36:47 gilead systemd[1]: Finished Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab.
-- Reboot --
Nov 28 09:12:55 gilead systemd[1]: Starting Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab...
Nov 28 09:14:23 gilead fstrim[1118]: /boot/efi: 787 MiB (825257984 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda1
Nov 28 09:14:23 gilead fstrim[1118]: /: 856.3 GiB (919475277824 bytes) trimmed on /dev/sda3
Nov 28 09:14:23 gilead systemd[1]: fstrim.service: Succeeded.
Nov 28 09:14:23 gilead systemd[1]: Finished Discard unused blocks on filesystems from /etc/fstab.
编辑4：
lsblk -d -e 7 -o NAME,ROTA,DISC-MAX,MODEL
NAME ROTA DISC-MAX MODEL
sda 1 2G ST1000LM035-1RK172
编辑5：
lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 9a14 (rev 01)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 9a49 (rev 01)
00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 9a03 (rev 01)
00:0a.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 9a0d (rev 01)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Device a0ed (rev 20)
00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Device a0ef (rev 20)
00:15.0 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device a0e8 (rev 20)
00:15.1 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device a0e9 (rev 20)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Device a0e0 (rev 20)
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Device a0d3 (rev 20)
00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a0b0 (rev 20)
00:1d.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a0b1 (rev 20)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device a082 (rev 20)
00:1f.3 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation Device a0c8 (rev 20)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Device a0a3 (rev 20)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device a0a4 (rev 20)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Et
编辑6：
sudo lshw -c storage -c disk
*-sata
description: SATA controller
product: Intel Corporation
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 17
bus info: pci@0000:00:17.0
version: 20
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: sata msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0
resources: irq:125 memory:70b00000-70b01fff memory:70b04000-70b040ff ioport:4080(size=8) ioport:4088(size=4) ioport:4060(size=32) memory:70b03000-70b037ff
*-scsi
physical id: a
logical name: scsi0
capabilities: emulated
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: ST1000LM035-1RK1
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: 1002
serial: WKPLQM26
size: 931GiB (1TB)
capabilities: gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt
configuration: ansiversion=5 guid=1c7719c4-6f41-42d1-b542-67a2bcbbe758 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=4096
编辑 7：来自 smartctl 的输出
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda3
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.14.0-1054-oem] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Mobile HDD
Device Model: ST1000LM035-1RK172
Serial Number: WKPLQM26
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0d5ceb077
Firmware Version: 1002
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Thu Dec 1 20:13:12 2022 IST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x71) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 167) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x3035) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 079 064 006 Pre-fail Always - 87816166
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 097 097 020 Old_age Always - 3729
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 075 060 045 Pre-fail Always - 31083756
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1463 (24 10 0)
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 215
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 097 000 Old_age Always - 3145781
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 062 055 040 Old_age Always - 38 (Min/Max 36/40)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 76
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 87
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 3829
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 038 045 000 Old_age Always - 38 (0 24 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 710 (41 71 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1452420411
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2297508873
254 Free_Fall_Sensor 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
编辑8：
sudo lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 116.7M 1 loop /snap/core/14399
loop1 7:1 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/77
loop2 7:2 0 164.8M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/161
loop3 7:3 0 91.7M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1535
loop4 7:4 0 63.2M 1 loop /snap/core20/1634
loop5 7:5 0 4K 1 loop /snap/bare/5
loop6 7:6 0 146.6M 1 loop /snap/chromium/2229
loop7 7:7 0 145.3M 1 loop /snap/chromium/2221
loop8 7:8 0 55.6M 1 loop /snap/core18/2620
loop9 7:9 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/72
loop10 7:10 0 46M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/638
loop11 7:11 0 63.2M 1 loop /snap/core20/1695
loop12 7:12 0 55.6M 1 loop /snap/core18/2632
loop13 7:13 0 55.1M 1 loop /snap/cups/836
loop14 7:14 0 81.3M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1534
loop15 7:15 0 346.3M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/115
loop16 7:16 0 346.3M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/119
loop17 7:17 0 45.9M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/599
loop18 7:18 0 162.9M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/145
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 825M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 8G 0 part
└─sda3 8:3 0 922.7G 0 part /
编辑9：
sudo parted -l
Model: ATA ST1000LM035-1RK1 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 866MB 865MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp
2 866MB 9456MB 8590MB fat32 Basic data partition msftres
3 9456MB 1000GB 991GB ext4