2008 年初 iMac 上的 22.04 黑色登录屏幕

2008 年初 iMac 上的 22.04 黑色登录屏幕

几天来,我只在启动后看到黑屏。

详细错误描述:

在启动过程中,显示​​分辨率似乎被搞乱了,所有内容都以扭曲的方式显示。系统启动后,屏幕完全变黑(似乎没有背光)。连接外部显示器似乎没有帮助,而且似乎也无法通过 Ctrl+Alt+F2 等进入终端,或者至少什么都看不到,很难盲目地做任何事情。

系统历史:

该系统最初设置为 xubuntu 20.04 LTS。我使用 fscrypt 加密了主分区。现在看来这是一个致命的错误,因为似乎无法从另一个 ubuntu 安装中解密数据(请参阅使用 fscrypt 加密的 HOME 目录重新安装 Ubuntu 22.04?) 然后我安装了 lubuntu-desktop,希望稍微降低 RAM 使用率,并在几周前更新到 22.04。更新后,系统不再挂起,屏幕保持亮起数小时,因此我更改了能源设置,在 15 分钟后无需用户交互即可关闭背光。我不完全确定这是决定性的设置还是可能是内核更新或其他原因。

我想做什么

我想启动一次再次进入系统,解密当前用户数据并将其备份到外部驱动器。无论如何,我打算进行全新安装,因为我想用 SSD 替换 HDD。

我迄今为止尝试过

当我进入 grub 并将当前内核的配置更改为 时nomodeset,屏幕已打开,但系统似乎使用了错误的分辨率或类似情况(一些上部像素线保留了 grub 引导加载程序的内容,其下方的所有内容都扭曲了,就像屏幕太小或太大,线条显示左右偏移)。尝试使用恢复模式时,显示也会扭曲,因此实际上无法使用它。可以从实时 USB 启动,因此我尝试了启动修复(https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair) 使用不同的选项(例如nomodesetGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX==keep),但这并没有改变任何东西。我还添加了 lightdm 设置脚本来更正分辨率,但它似乎只有在nomodeset未设置时才有效(在屏幕关闭前的瞬间,显示屏再次变得可读)。我找到了一个较旧的线程,也适用于 14.04 版的 iMac(14.04 出现黑屏,除非 radeon.modeset=0),但由于未启用 ssh,我看不到应用此功能的机会。我还发现了一个具有类似行为的线程,其中nomodeset用户只是在黑屏上等待几分钟,然后移动鼠标,屏幕就会恢复,但这也不起作用。

有人知道我还能尝试什么吗?

硬件: 该系统安装在 2008 年初的 iMac(2.4 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo E8135、4 GB RAM、250 GB HDD、ATI Mobility Raden 2400 XT)上。

从 lightdm.log 中提取 ''' (==) 日志文件:“/var/log/Xorg.0.log”,时间:2022 年 12 月 18 日星期日 11:44:15

(==)使用默认内置配置(39 行)

(II)[KMS] drm 报告模式设置不受支持。vesa:拒绝在 UEFI(EE)上运行

(EE)回溯:

(EE) 0:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(OsLookupColor+0x139)[0x55b0724a3719]

(EE)1:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__sigaction+0x50)[0x7f93b81d1520]

(EE)2:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(InitCallbackManager + 0x827)[0x55b0723331d7]

(EE) 3:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(InitCallbackManager + 0x2b7b)[0x55b07233552b]

(EE) 4:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(DamageDamageRegion+0x11b3)[0x55b0724156b3]

(EE) 5:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(InitProximityClassDeviceStruct+0x1383)[0x55b072418df3]

(EE) 6:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(SwapShorts+0x22be)[0x55b0723588de]

(EE) 7:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(UnmapWindow + 0x1ea)[0x55b07235bc6a]

(EE) 8:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(DeleteWindow+0x30)[0x55b07235bce0]

(EE) 9:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(RegisterExtensionNames+0x1ed)[0x55b07235460d]

(EE)10:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(免费资源+0xf1)[0x55b072355241]

(EE) 11:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(dixSaveScreens+0x306)[0x55b07235e716]

(EE)12:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(InitFonts+0x5cf)[0x55b07233173f]

(EE)13:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_init_first+0x90)[0x7f93b81b8d90]

(EE)14:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0x80)[0x7f93b81b8e40]

(EE) 15:/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg(_start+0x25)[0x55b07231a605](EE)

(EE)地址 0xb0 处发生段错误

(EE)致命的服务器错误:

(EE)捕获信号 11(分段错误)。服务器中止(EE)

(EE)请咨询 X.Org 基金会支持http://wiki.x.org 求助。

(EE)另请检查“/var/log/Xorg.0.log”日志文件以获取更多信息。(EE)

(EE)服务器因错误(1)而终止。正在关闭日志文件。´´´

从 Xorg.0.log 中提取

[    68.118] 
X.Org X Server 1.21.1.3
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[    68.118] Current Operating System: Linux Annes-iMac 5.15.0-56-generic #62-Ubuntu SMP Tue Nov 22 19:54:14 UTC 2022 x86_64
[    68.118] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-56-generic root=UUID=d7136309-782e-4219-9b0d-22886ffbbde1 ro acpi=off
[    68.119] xorg-server 2:21.1.3-2ubuntu2.5 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) 
[    68.119] Current version of pixman: 0.40.0
[    68.119]    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
    to make sure that you have the latest version.
[    68.119] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[    68.119] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sun Dec 18 12:05:25 2022
[    68.354] (II) Loader magic: 0x55fa14042020
[    68.354] (II) Module ABI versions:
[    68.354]    X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[    68.354]    X.Org Video Driver: 25.2
[    68.354]    X.Org XInput driver : 24.4
[    68.354]    X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
[    68.355] (++) using VT number 7

[    68.355] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration
[    68.356] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[    68.356] (II) Platform probe for /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0/drm/card0
[    68.361] (--) PCI:*(1@0:0:0) 1002:94c8:106b:0084 rev 0, Mem @ 0xc0000000/268435456, 0xd0520000/65536, I/O @ 0x00006000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[    68.361] (==) Using default built-in configuration (39 lines)
[    68.361] (==) --- Start of built-in configuration ---
[    68.361]    Section "Device"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default ati Device 0"
[    68.361]        Driver  "ati"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Screen"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default ati Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Device  "Builtin Default ati Device 0"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Device"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default modesetting Device 0"
[    68.361]        Driver  "modesetting"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Screen"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default modesetting Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Device  "Builtin Default modesetting Device 0"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Device"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
[    68.361]        Driver  "fbdev"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Screen"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Device  "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Device"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default vesa Device 0"
[    68.361]        Driver  "vesa"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "Screen"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default vesa Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Device  "Builtin Default vesa Device 0"
[    68.361]    EndSection
[    68.361]    Section "ServerLayout"
[    68.361]        Identifier  "Builtin Default Layout"
[    68.361]        Screen  "Builtin Default ati Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Screen  "Builtin Default modesetting Screen 0"
[    68.361]        Screen  "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
[    68.362]        Screen  "Builtin Default vesa Screen 0"
[    68.362]    EndSection
[    68.362] (==) --- End of built-in configuration ---
[    68.362] (==) ServerLayout "Builtin Default Layout"
[    68.362] (**) |-->Screen "Builtin Default ati Screen 0" (0)
[    68.362] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Device "Builtin Default ati Device 0"
[    68.482] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Builtin Default ati Screen 0".
    Using a default monitor configuration.
[    68.482] (**) |-->Screen "Builtin Default modesetting Screen 0" (1)
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Device "Builtin Default modesetting Device 0"
[    68.482] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Builtin Default modesetting Screen 0".
    Using a default monitor configuration.
[    68.482] (**) |-->Screen "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0" (2)
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Device "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
[    68.482] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0".
    Using a default monitor configuration.
[    68.482] (**) |-->Screen "Builtin Default vesa Screen 0" (3)
[    68.482] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[    68.483] (**) |   |-->Device "Builtin Default vesa Device 0"
[    68.483] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Builtin Default vesa Screen 0".
    Using a default monitor configuration.
[    68.483] (==) Automatically adding devices
[    68.483] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[    68.483] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[    68.483] (==) Automatically binding GPU devices
[    68.483] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
[    68.920] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[    69.093]    Entry deleted from font path.
...
[    69.213] (==) FontPath set to:
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
    built-ins
[    69.213] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[    69.213] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
    If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[    69.221] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[    69.448] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[    70.006] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.006]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 1.0.0
[    70.006]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 10.0
[    70.006] (II) LoadModule: "ati"
[    70.140] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/ati_drv.so
[    70.335] (II) Module ati: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.335]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 19.1.0
[    70.335]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    70.335]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.335] (II) LoadModule: "radeon"
[    70.335] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/radeon_drv.so
[    70.656] (II) Module radeon: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.656]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 19.1.0
[    70.656]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    70.656]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.657] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[    70.657] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[    70.700] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.700]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 1.21.1
[    70.700]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    70.700]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.700] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[    70.701] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[    70.851] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.851]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 0.5.0
[    70.851]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    70.851]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.851] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[    70.852] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[    70.877] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.877]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 2.5.0
[    70.877]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    70.877]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.877] (II) RADEON: Driver for ATI/AMD Radeon chipsets:
...
    AMD Radeon HD 6900M Series, Mobility Radeon HD 6000 Series, BARTS,
    AMD Radeon HD 6800 Series, AMD Radeon HD 6700 Series, TURKS, CAICOS,
    ARUBA, TAHITI, PITCAIRN, VERDE, OLAND, HAINAN, BONAIRE, KABINI,
    MULLINS, KAVERI, HAWAII
[    70.882] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[    70.882] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[    70.882] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[    70.890] (II) [KMS] Kernel modesetting enabled.
[    70.890] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[    70.890] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[    70.890] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[    70.890] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[    70.891] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[    70.946] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    70.946]    compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 0.0.2
[    70.946]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    70.946] (II) RADEON(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
    "Builtin Default ati Screen 0" for depth/fbbpp 24/32
[    70.946] (==) RADEON(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32
[    70.947] (II) RADEON(0): Pixel depth = 24 bits stored in 4 bytes (32 bpp pixmaps)
[    70.947] (==) RADEON(0): Default visual is TrueColor
[    70.947] (==) RADEON(0): RGB weight 888
[    70.947] (II) RADEON(0): Using 8 bits per RGB (8 bit DAC)
[    70.947] (--) RADEON(0): Chipset: "ATI Mobility Radeon HD 2400 XT" (ChipID = 0x94c8)
...
[    82.967] (II) RADEON(0): glamor X acceleration enabled on AMD RV610 (DRM 2.50.0 / 5.15.0-56-generic, LLVM 13.0.1)
[    82.967] (II) RADEON(0): glamor detected, initialising EGL layer.
[    82.967] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Color Tiling: enabled
[    82.967] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Color Tiling 2D: enabled
[    82.967] (==) RADEON(0): TearFree property default: auto
[    82.967] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Pageflipping: enabled
[    82.983] (II) RADEON(0): Output DVI-0 has no monitor section
[    82.983] (II) RADEON(0): Output LVDS has no monitor section
[    82.999] (II) RADEON(0): Output DIN has no monitor section
[    82.999] (WW) RADEON(0): 3 ZaphodHeads crtcs unavailable. Some outputs will stay off.
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DVI-0
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output LVDS
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer: APP  Model: 9c6a  Serial#: 16843009
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Year: 2006  Week: 0
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): EDID Version: 1.3
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Digital Display Input
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Max Image Size [cm]: horiz.: 43  vert.: 27
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Gamma: 2.20
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): No DPMS capabilities specified
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Supported color encodings: RGB 4:4:4 YCrCb 4:4:4 
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): First detailed timing is preferred mode
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): redX: 0.636 redY: 0.340   greenX: 0.292 greenY: 0.612
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): blueX: 0.146 blueY: 0.069   whiteX: 0.313 whiteY: 0.328
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Supported established timings:
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer's mask: 10
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Supported detailed timing:
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): clock: 119.0 MHz   Image Size:  433 x 270 mm
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): h_active: 1680  h_sync: 1728  h_sync_end 1760 h_blank_end 1840 h_border: 0
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): v_active: 1050  v_sync: 1053  v_sync_end 1059 v_blanking: 1080 v_border: 0
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Unknown vendor-specific block 1
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):  LM201WE3-TLF1
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): Monitor name: Color LCD
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0): EDID (in hex):
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    00ffffffffffff0006106a9c01010101
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    00100103802b1b780acf74a2574a9c25
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    11505400001001010101010101010101
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    0101010101017c2e90a0601a1e403020
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    3600b10e1100001c0000000100061030
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    11080000000000000a20000000fe004c
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    4d3230315745332d544c4631000000fc
[    83.015] (II) RADEON(0):    00436f6c6f72204c43440a202020002b
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Printing probed modes for output LVDS
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1680x1050"x59.9  119.00  1680 1728 1760 1840  1050 1053 1059 1080 -hsync +vsync (64.7 kHz eP)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1400x1050"x60.0  121.79  1400 1488 1632 1864  1050 1053 1057 1089 -hsync +vsync (65.3 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x1024"x59.9  109.10  1280 1368 1496 1712  1024 1027 1034 1063 -hsync +vsync (63.7 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1440x900"x60.0  106.68  1440 1528 1672 1904  900 903 909 934 -hsync +vsync (56.0 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x960"x60.0  101.34  1280 1360 1488 1696  960 963 967 996 -hsync +vsync (59.8 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x854"x60.0   89.34  1280 1352 1480 1680  854 857 867 887 -hsync +vsync (53.2 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x800"x60.0   83.71  1280 1352 1480 1680  800 803 809 831 -hsync +vsync (49.8 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x720"x60.0   74.65  1280 1344 1472 1664  720 723 728 748 -hsync +vsync (44.9 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1152x768"x59.9   71.95  1152 1216 1328 1504  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync (47.8 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1024x768"x59.9   63.53  1024 1072 1176 1328  768 771 775 798 -hsync +vsync (47.8 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "800x600"x60.0   38.31  800 832 912 1024  600 603 607 624 -hsync +vsync (37.4 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "848x480"x59.9   31.65  848 872 952 1056  480 483 493 500 -hsync +vsync (30.0 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "720x480"x59.9   26.85  720 744 808 896  480 483 493 500 -hsync +vsync (30.0 kHz)
[    83.016] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "640x480"x59.9   23.98  640 664 720 800  480 483 487 500 -hsync +vsync (30.0 kHz)
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DIN
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): Output DVI-0 disconnected
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): Output LVDS connected
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): Output DIN disconnected
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): Using exact sizes for initial modes
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): Output LVDS using initial mode 1680x1050 +0+0
[    83.031] (II) RADEON(0): mem size init: gart size :1fdee000 vram size: s:8000000 visible:f6c7000
[    83.031] (==) RADEON(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
[    83.031] (==) RADEON(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
...
[    83.075] (II) RADEON(0): [DRI2] Setup complete
[    83.075] (II) RADEON(0): [DRI2]   DRI driver: r600
[    83.075] (II) RADEON(0): [DRI2]   VDPAU driver: r600
[    83.075] (II) RADEON(0): Front buffer size: 7087K
[    83.075] (II) RADEON(0): VRAM usage limit set to 221022K
[    83.093] (II) RADEON(0): SYNC extension fences enabled
[    83.118] (II) RADEON(0): Present extension enabled
[    83.118] (==) RADEON(0): DRI3 enabled
[    83.118] (==) RADEON(0): Backing store enabled
[    83.118] (II) RADEON(0): Direct rendering enabled
[    83.507] (II) RADEON(0): Use GLAMOR acceleration.
[    83.507] (II) RADEON(0): Acceleration enabled
[    83.507] (==) RADEON(0): DPMS enabled
[    83.507] (==) RADEON(0): Silken mouse enabled
[    83.523] (II) RADEON(0): Set up textured video (glamor)
[    83.523] (II) RADEON(0): [XvMC] Associated with GLAMOR Textured Video.
[    83.523] (II) RADEON(0): [XvMC] Extension initialized.
...
[    83.579] (II) RADEON(0): Setting screen physical size to 444 x 277
[    84.105] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA Intel Line (/dev/input/event1)
[    84.106] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[    84.106] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[    84.106] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA Intel Headphone (/dev/input/event2)
[    84.106] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[    84.106] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[    84.107] (II) config/udev: Adding input device applesmc (/dev/input/event0)
[    84.107] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[    84.107] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[    84.107] (II) config/udev: Adding input device applesmc (/dev/input/js0)
[    84.107] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[    84.107] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.

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