我有 Windows 7 和 Ubuntu 12.04 双启动。现在 Windows 检查错误后，Ubuntu 不见了/tmp。Windows 启动正常，但 Ubuntu 启动到 GRUB 提示符。我查看了文件夹\ubuntu\disks\，发现root.disk是0 kb。我可以通过 Windows 访问我的数据吗？接下来我运行了实时 USB 和 Boot-Repair，但仍然只得到 GRUB 提示符。我正在附加启动信息脚本输出。如何恢复正常的 Ubuntu 并恢复文件和文件夹？我可以使用实时 USB 恢复个人文件和文件夹吗？
Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
=> Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
sda1: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD
sda2: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 7
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe /wubildr
/ubuntu/winboot/wubildr /wubildr.mbr
/ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/disks/swap.disk
sda2/Wubi: __________________________________________________ ___________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
sda3: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts
at sector 2048.
Operating System:
Boot files: /wubildr
sda4: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda4 has
30722047 sectors, but according to the info from
fdisk, it has 30943919 sectors.
Operating System:
Boot files: /bootmgr /boot/bcd
sdb1: __________________________________________________ ________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.04 2011-04-18
Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 2998472 of /dev/sdb1 for its
second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory.
No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg
/efi/boot/bootx64.efi /ldlinux.sys
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda __________________________________________________ ___________________
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 411,647 409,600 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda2 411,648 533,389,311 532,977,664 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda3 533,389,312 594,198,527 60,809,216 f W95 Extended (LBA)
/dev/sda5 533,391,360 594,198,527 60,807,168 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda4 594,198,528 625,142,447 30,943,920 12 Compaq diagnostics
Drive: sdb __________________________________________________ ___________________
Disk /dev/sdb: 2013 MB, 2013265920 bytes
16 heads, 15 sectors/track, 16384 cylinders, total 3932160 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 3,608 3,932,159 3,928,552 6 FAT16
"blkid" output: __________________________________________________ ______________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/loop0 squashfs
/dev/sda1 C0C646D2C646C87C ntfs
/dev/sda2 F65048AB50487501 ntfs
/dev/sda4 DA6052146051F829 ntfs LENOVO_PART
/dev/sda5 DC72893972891982 ntfs LENOVO
/dev/sdb1 3F00-E6D7 vfat
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime)
/dev/sda1 /media/C0C646D2C646C87C fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,b lksize=4096)
/dev/sda5 /media/LENOVO fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,b lksize=4096)
/dev/sdb1 /cdrom vfat (ro,noatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,i ocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)
=========================== sdb1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if loadfont /boot/grub/font.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=auto
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod gfxterm
terminal_output gfxterm
fi
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash --
initrd /casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install Ubuntu" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity quiet splash --
initrd /casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /casper/vmlinuz boot=casper integrity-check quiet splash --
initrd /casper/initrd.lz
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
========================= sdb1/syslinux/syslinux.cfg: ==========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# D-I config version 2.0
include menu.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
prompt 0
timeout 50
ui gfxboot bootlogo
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
================= sdb1: Location of files loaded by Syslinux: ==================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? ldlinux.sys 1
?? = ?? syslinux/chain.c32 1
?? = ?? syslinux/gfxboot.c32 1
?? = ?? syslinux/syslinux.cfg 1
?? = ?? syslinux/vesamenu.c32 1
============== sdb1: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux: ===============
syslinux/chain.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)
syslinux/gfxboot.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)
syslinux/vesamenu.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx)
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ========================
Unknown BootLoader on sda2/Wubi
========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive: =========
sdc
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION :
=================== log of boot-repair 2012-11-11__14h20 ===================
boot-repair version : 3.194~ppa53~precise
boot-sav version : 3.194~ppa53~precise
glade2script version : 3.2.2~ppa45~precise
boot-sav-extra version : 3.194~ppa53~precise
boot-repair is executed in live-session (Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, precise, Ubuntu, x86_64)
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
BOOT_IMAGE=/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash --
=================== os-prober:
/dev/sda1:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain
/dev/sda4:Windows Recovery Environment (loader):Windows1:chain
=================== blkid:
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda1: UUID="C0C646D2C646C87C" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="F65048AB50487501" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda4: LABEL="LENOVO_PART" UUID="DA6052146051F829" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="LENOVO" UUID="DC72893972891982" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" UUID="3F00-E6D7" TYPE="vfat"
1 disks with OS, 2 OS : 0 Linux, 0 MacOS, 2 Windows, 0 unknown type OS.
Windows not detected by os-prober on sda2.
Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.
There is Wubi inside sda2
=================== UEFI/Legacy mode :
BIOS is EFI-compatible, and is setup in EFI-mode for this live-session.
=================== PARTITIONS & DISKS:
sda1 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, bootmgr, is-winboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /media/C0C646D2C646C87C.
sda2 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /media/F65048AB50487501.
sda4 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-kernel, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, bootmgr, is-winboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda4.
sda5 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /media/LENOVO.
sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
=================== parted -l:
Model: ATA ST320LT020-9YG14 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 320GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 211MB 210MB primary ntfs boot
2 211MB 273GB 273GB primary ntfs
3 273GB 304GB 31.1GB extended lba
5 273GB 304GB 31.1GB logical ntfs
4 304GB 320GB 15.8GB primary ntfs diag
Model: (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 2013MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1847kB 2013MB 2011MB primary fat16 boot
=================== parted -lm:
BYT;
/dev/sda:320GB:scsi:512:4096:msdos:ATA ST320LT020-9YG14;
1:1049kB:211MB:210MB:ntfs::boot;
2:211MB:273GB:273GB:ntfs::;
3:273GB:304GB:31.1GB:::lba;
5:273GB:304GB:31.1GB:ntfs::;
4:304GB:320GB:15.8GB:ntfs::diag;
BYT;
/dev/sdb:2013MB:scsi:512:512:msdos: ;
1:1847kB:2013MB:2011MB:fat16::boot;
=================== mount:
/cow on / type overlayfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
/dev/sdb1 on /cdrom type vfat (ro,noatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,i ocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/ubuntu/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu)
/dev/sda1 on /media/C0C646D2C646C87C type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,b lksize=4096)
/dev/sda2 on /media/F65048AB50487501 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,b lksize=4096)
/dev/sda5 on /media/LENOVO type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,b lksize=4096)
/dev/sda4 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda4 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096)
=================== ls:
/sys/block/sda (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/sys/block/sdb (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sdb1 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/sys/block/sdc (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/sys/block/sr0 (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent
/dev (filtered): agpgart autofs block bsg btrfs-control bus cdrom cdrw char console core cpu cpu_dma_latency disk dri dvd dvdrw ecryptfs fb0 fd full fuse hidraw0 hpet input kmsg log mapper mcelog mei mem net network_latency network_throughput null oldmem port ppp psaux ptmx pts random rfkill rtc rtc0 rts51x0 sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sdb sdb1 sdc sg0 sg1 sg2 sg3 shm snapshot snd sr0 stderr stdin stdout uinput urandom usbmon0 usbmon1 usbmon2 v4l vga_arbiter video0 zero
ls /dev/mapper: control
=================== df -Th:
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/cow overlayfs 1.9G 108M 1.8G 6% /
udev devtmpfs 1.9G 12K 1.9G 1% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 774M 868K 773M 1% /run
/dev/sdb1 vfat 1.9G 1.6G 315M 84% /cdrom
/dev/loop0 squashfs 660M 660M 0 100% /rofs
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 48K 1.9G 1% /tmp
none tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none tmpfs 1.9G 176K 1.9G 1% /run/shm
/dev/sda1 fuseblk 200M 29M 172M 15% /media/C0C646D2C646C87C
/dev/sda2 fuseblk 255G 37G 218G 15% /media/F65048AB50487501
/dev/sda5 fuseblk 29G 9.8G 20G 34% /media/LENOVO
/dev/sda4 fuseblk 15G 8.5G 6.3G 58% /mnt/boot-sav/sda4
=================== fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1a0aba4b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2 411648 533389311 266488832 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3 533389312 594198527 30404608 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda4 594198528 625142447 15471960 12 Compaq diagnostics
/dev/sda5 533391360 594198527 30403584 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
Disk /dev/sdb: 2013 MB, 2013265920 bytes
16 heads, 15 sectors/track, 16384 cylinders, total 3932160 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 3608 3932159 1964276 6 FAT16
=================== Recommended repair
Recommended-Repair
This setting will restore the [(generic mbr)] MBR in sda, and make it boot on sda1.
Additional repair will be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s repair-wubi fix-windows-boot
Quantity of real Windows: 1
mount -o loop /media/F65048AB50487501/ubuntu/disks/root.disk /mnt/boot-sav/wubi1
mount: /dev/loop1: can't read superblock
The file browser that just opened will let you access your Wubi (Linux installed into Windows) files. (/mnt/boot-sav/wubi1/home) Please backup your data now! Then close this window.
xdg-open: file '/mnt/boot-sav/wubi1/home' does not exist
umount /mnt/boot-sav/wubi1
umount: /mnt/boot-sav/wubi1: not mounted
fsck -f -y /media/F65048AB50487501/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
e2fsck 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
fsck.ext2: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short read while trying to open /media/F65048AB50487501/ubuntu/disks/root.disk
Could this be a zero-length partition?
Will restore the MBR_TO_RESTORE : sda (generic mbr) into sda
dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
Boot successfully repaired.
You can now reboot your computer.
pastebinit packages needed
W: Duplicate sources.list entry cdrom://Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120823.1)/ precise/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Ubuntu%2012.04.1%20LTS%20%5fPrecise%20Pangolin%5f% 20-%20Release%20amd64%20(20120823.1)_dists_precise_ma in_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry cdrom://Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120823.1)/ precise/restricted i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Ubuntu%2012.04.1%20LTS%20%5fPrecise%20Pangolin%5f% 20-%20Release%20amd64%20(20120823.1)_dists_precise_re stricted_binary-i386_Packages)
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin: No such file or directory
谢谢您的回复。我没有看到任何看起来合适的文件大小。
以下是找到的文件夹的输出：
c:\found.000>dir
11/08/2012 07:09 AM <DIR> dir0000.chk
10/13/2012 05:17 AM 1,048,576 file0002.chk
1 File(s) 1,048,576 bytes
1 Dir(s) 236,435,017,728 bytes free
c:\found.000>cd dir0000.chk
c:\found.000\dir0000.chk>dir
11/08/2012 07:09 AM <DIR> .
11/08/2012 07:09 AM <DIR> ..
10/13/2012 05:17 AM 240 CiAD0001.000
10/13/2012 05:17 AM 0 CiAD0001.002
2 File(s) 240 bytes
2 Dir(s) 236,435,005,440 bytes free
我是否应该尝试将它们移动到 root.disk 或任何其他位置进行搜索？如果找不到此文件，还有其他方法可以恢复数据吗？
答案1
恢复 root.disk 之前，您无法查看数据。请参阅此帖子仅供参考（选定的详细信息如下所示）。请注意，恢复并非在所有情况下都有效。
以下是上面链接的帖子中详细介绍的内容的摘要。首先运行chkdsk /f，查找隐藏\found.???目录，并检查名为的文件，file0000.chk其大小与旧的 root.disk 大致相同：
C:\>dir /a:h
C:\>cd \found.000
C:\found.000>dir
Volume in drive C is OS
Volume Serial Number is B4B7-99A8
Directory of C:\found.000
19/07/2011 02:02 PM 15,000,000,000 file0000.chk
1 File(s) 15,000,000,000 bytes
0 Dir(s) 222,258,069,504 bytes free
C:\found.000>move file0000.chk \ubuntu\disks\root.disk
1 file(s) moved.
注意：您必须从 CMD.EXE 运行您选择的命令“以管理员身份运行”。
我真的不建议在 Wubi 安装上运行启动修复。它做了以下事情：
- 使用通用的 syslinux MBR 引导程序替换你的 windows 引导程序
- 重置 /dev/sda1 上的启动标志（已设置）
- 尝试 fsck root.disk（失败）
- 宣告“启动已成功修复”
我已经多次要求作者修复这个问题。我不确定强制fsck对损坏root.disk的NTFS进行修复会有什么效果，但它无法修复这个问题，我会避免任何危及恢复的事情。