所有的问题都是在我尝试安装显卡驱动程序时开始的。我的桌面消失了。我惊慌失措，重新安装了apt-get很多软件包，包括 Ubuntu 桌面、Unity、Xserver 等。我解决了桌面和侧边栏缺失的问题，但从那天起，当我尝试使用 安装几乎所有东西时，我不断收到以下错误apt-get install。
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
totem : Depends: totem-common (= 3.0.1-0ubuntu21) but 3.0.1-0ubuntu21.1 is to be installed
Recommends: totem-plugins but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: totem-mozilla but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
哪里出了问题？要做什么才能恢复apt-get install工作？
我会尝试通过apt-get remove卸载有问题的东西然后apt-get install卸载我想要的东西来修复依赖关系。但它要求我卸载很多东西。按照未满足的依赖关系，我得到了 libgnutls26 包。
sudo apt-get remove libgnutls26
写道
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libopenal1:i386 libjna-java libsdl-ttf2.0-0 jsvc libdb5.1-java-gcj
libdb-je-java libxfixes3:i386 junit4 gcj-4.6-jre-lib ttf-umefont
libboost-filesystem1.46.1 libecj-java libgraphicsmagick3 libtorque2
libogre-1.7.4 libxcomposite1:i386 liboro-java libldap-2.4-2:i386
libv4l-0:i386 libjoda-time-java libnb-javaparser-java gnome-exe-thumbnailer
eclipse-platform-data libroken18-heimdal:i386 gcj-4.6-base libxerces2-java
libcxsparse2.2.3 libgphoto2-port0:i386 libgcj-bc libemma-java libfreeimage3
libjtidy-java libjzlib-java libglpk0 libarpack2 libpg-java libicu4j-java
libcholmod1.7.1 libaspectj-java libfreemarker-java libservlet2.4-java
libswt-cairo-gtk-3-jni libcommons-beanutils-java libosgi-compendium-java
libbetter-appframework-java libsane:i386 junit odbcinst1debian2
libsdl-mixer1.2 cmake-data libtinyxml2.6.2 libxxf86vm1:i386 bsh-gcj
libboost-system1.46.1 libsac-java-gcj libdb-java libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
empathy-common libxcb-glx0:i386 libasn1-8-heimdal:i386
libnb-platform-devel-java libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libwebkitgtk-1.0-common
libgeronimo-jpa-2.0-spec-java libapr1 libxslt1.1:i386 javahelp2
libcommons-cli-java libcapi20-3 libcapi20-3:i386 libx11-xcb1:i386
libcglib-java libglapi-mesa:i386 libumfpack5.4.0 libcommons-logging-java
odbcinst jetty libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 libcommons-compress-java
libcegui-mk2-0.7.5 libv4lconvert0:i386 apache2-utils libgcj12
libccolamd2.7.1 libdb5.1-java unixodbc libbytelist-java
libsimple-validation-java libicu4j-4.4-java libsvnkit-java
libfelix-framework-java libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0 smc-data
libosgi-foundation-ee-java libnb-platform13-java ant wine-gecko1.4
wine-gecko1.4:i386 libstringtemplate-java libwind0-heimdal:i386 aspectj
libjsch-java bsh libparpack2 libeasymock-java winetricks jarwrapper
libxml-commons-resolver1.1-java libfltk1.1 ant-optional libxinerama1:i386
libsilly libgif4:i386 libsac-java libjcodings-java dkms libapache-pom-java
libcolamd2.7.1 libopenmpi1.3 libxml-commons-external-java icoutils
libosgi-core-java libieee1284-3:i386 libgraphicsmagick++3
libhdf5-serial-1.8.4 octave3.2-common libflute-java sat4j libantlr-java
libcommons-el-java libjvyamlb-java libnb-org-openide-util-java
libboost-thread1.46.1 libtrilead-ssh2-java libxpm4:i386 libusb-0.1-4:i386
libzzip-0-13 libcommons-httpclient-java libfelix-main-java
libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386 libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 libgd2-xpm:i386
libheimbase1-heimdal:i386 libslf4j-java libcommons-daemon-java libnuma1
libnetx-java libasm3-java libamd2.2.0 libswing-layout-java libregexp-java
libgnomeui-common libmysql-java libswingx1-java libibverbs1
libnb-absolutelayout-java fastjar libjemmy2-java libois-1.3.0 libjasper-java
libmpg123-0 libmpg123-0:i386 libdb4.8 libsasl2-2:i386 libgsoap1
libcommons-codec-java libcommons-lang-java libhamcrest-java liblucene2-java
libgeronimo-osgi-support-java libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 libequinox-osgi-java
libxdamage1:i386 libcommons-parent-java libcommons-collections3-java
libbeansbinding-java libgcj-common libodbc1 libcommons-net1-java
libexif12:i386 libglu1-mesa:i386 fonts-droid libopenjpeg2
libbonoboui2-common libcommons-digester-java libbindex-java libxcursor1:i386
libini4j-java libjetty-java libsasl2-modules:i386 libaprutil1 libqrupdate1
libqhull5 antlr3 libxerces-c3.1 libjline-java libxrandr2:i386 libcrystalhd3
libnb-org-openide-modules-java libdevil1c2 libswt-glx-gtk-3-jni
libpostgresql-jdbc-java libgnomecanvas2-common libltdl7:i386 ttf-droid
libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386 libganymed-ssh2-java
libnb-org-openide-util-lookup-java libllvm3.0:i386 libgphoto2-2:i386
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
activity-log-manager-control-center aisleriot alacarte apport-gtk
apt-transport-https aptdaemon apturl bamfdaemon baobab bluez-cups brasero
brasero-cdrkit chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg
cmake compiz compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-gnome compiz-plugins-extra
compiz-plugins-main compiz-plugins-main-default compizconfig-backend-gconf
compizconfig-settings-manager cups cups-bsd cups-client cups-filters
cups-pk-helper cups-ppdc curl dconf-tools default-jre default-jre-headless
deja-dup eclipse eclipse-jdt eclipse-pde eclipse-platform eclipse-rcp
emacs23 empathy eog evince evolution-data-server file-roller firefox
firefox-globalmenu firefox-gnome-support flashplugin-installer gcalctool
gconf-service gconf-service-backend gconf2 gedit geoclue
geoclue-ubuntu-geoip ghex ghostscript ghostscript-cups ghostscript-x ginn
gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 gir1.2-caribou-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-1.0
gir1.2-dbusmenu-gtk-0.4 gir1.2-gconf-2.0 gir1.2-gkbd-3.0
gir1.2-gnomebluetooth-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-gtksource-3.0
gir1.2-launchpad-integration-3.0 gir1.2-mutter-3.0 gir1.2-panelapplet-4.0
gir1.2-peas-1.0 gir1.2-rb-3.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 gir1.2-ubuntuoneui-3.0
gir1.2-vte-2.90 gir1.2-webkit-3.0 gir1.2-wnck-3.0 git gksu glib-networking
gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-bluetooth gnome-contacts
gnome-control-center gnome-disk-utility gnome-font-viewer gnome-games-data
gnome-icon-theme gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-icon-theme-symbolic
gnome-keyring gnome-media gnome-nettool gnome-online-accounts gnome-orca
gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver
gnome-screenshot gnome-session gnome-session-bin gnome-session-canberra
gnome-session-fallback gnome-settings-daemon gnome-shell gnome-sudoku
gnome-system-log gnome-system-monitor gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data
gnome-themes-standard gnome-tweak-tool gnome-user-guide gnome-user-share
gnomine gnuplot gnuplot-x11 gparted gs-cjk-resource gstreamer0.10-gconf
gstreamer0.10-nice gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-murrine gtk3-engines-unico gucharmap gvfs-backends
gwibber hardinfo hplip humanity-icon-theme ibus ibus-gtk ibus-gtk3
ibus-pinyin ibus-table icedtea-6-jre-cacao icedtea-6-jre-jamvm
indicator-applet-complete indicator-application indicator-appmenu
indicator-datetime indicator-messages indicator-power indicator-printers
indicator-session indicator-sound indicator-status-provider-mc5
indicator-status-provider-pidgin jockey-common jockey-gtk kerneloops-daemon
landscape-client-ui-install language-selector-gnome libappindicator1
libappindicator3-1 libatk-wrapper-java-jni libavahi-ui-gtk3-0 libbamf0
libbamf3-0 libbonoboui2-0 libbrasero-media3-1 libcamel-1.2-29
libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk0 libcanberra-gtk3-0
libcanberra-gtk3-module libcaribou0 libclutter-1.0-0 libcmis-0.2-0
libcompizconfig0 libcups2 libcupscgi1 libcupsdriver1 libcupsfilters1
libcupsimage2 libcupsmime1 libcupsppdc1 libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls
libcurl3-nss libdmapsharing-3.0-2 libebackend-1.2-1 libebook-1.2-12
libecal-1.2-10 libedata-book-1.2-11 libedata-cal-1.2-13
libedataserver-1.2-15 libedataserverui-3.0-1 libevince3-3 libfarstream-0.1-0
libfolks-eds25 libfolks-telepathy25 libfolks25 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
libgail-3-0 libgail-common libgail18 libgconf2-4 libgcr-3-1 libgdata13
libgdu-gtk0 libgksu2-0 libglade2-0 libgnome-bluetooth8
libgnome-control-center1 libgnome-desktop-3-2 libgnome-media-profiles-3.0-0
libgnome2-0 libgnome2-common libgnomecanvas2-0 libgnomekbd7 libgnomeui-0
libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-common libgnutls26 libgoa-1.0-0 libgpod-common
libgpod4 libgrip0 libgs9 libgssdp-1.0-3 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk2-perl
libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtkhex-3-0 libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a libgtkmm-3.0-1
libgtksourceview-3.0-0 libgtkspell-3-0 libgtkspell0 libgucharmap-2-90-7
libgupnp-1.0-4 libgupnp-igd-1.0-4 libgweather-3-0 libgweather-common
libgwibber-gtk2 libido3-0.1-0 libimobiledevice2 libindicator3-7
libindicator7 liblaunchpad-integration-3.0-1 liblaunchpad-integration1
libldap-2.4-2 libmetacity-private0 libmusicbrainz3-6 libmutter0
libnautilus-extension1a libnb-apisupport3-java libnb-ide14-java
libnb-java5-java libneon27-gnutls libnice10 libnm-gtk0 liboauth0
liboverlay-scrollbar-0.2-0 liboverlay-scrollbar3-0.2-0 libpam-winbind
libpanel-applet-4-0 libpeas-1.0-0 libpurple0 libqtbamf1 libqtgconf1 libquvi7
libraptor2-0 librasqal3 librdf0 libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-calc
libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-draw libreoffice-emailmerge
libreoffice-gnome libreoffice-gtk libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-impress
libreoffice-math libreoffice-style-human libreoffice-style-tango
libreoffice-writer librest-0.7-0 librhythmbox-core5 librsvg2-common librtmp0
libsane-hpaio libslv2-9 libsmbclient libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1
libspectre1 libsvn-java libsvn1 libsvnclientadapter-java
libswt-gnome-gtk-3-jni libswt-gtk-3-java libswt-gtk-3-jni
libswt-webkit-gtk-3-jni libsyncdaemon-1.0-1 libtelepathy-farstream2
libtimezonemap1 libtotem-plparser17 libubuntuoneui-3.0-1 libunique-3.0-0
libunity-2d-private0 libunity-core-5.0-5 libunity-misc4 libvncserver0
libvte-2.90-9 libvte9 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwnck-3-0
libwnck22 libwxgtk2.8-0 libxmlrpc-core-c3 libyelp0 light-themes lynx
lynx-cur mahjongg metacity metacity-common mousetweaks mplayer2
mutter-common mythes-en-us nautilus nautilus-sendto nautilus-sendto-empathy
nautilus-share netbeans network-manager-gnome network-manager-pptp-gnome
notify-osd ntfs-3g octave3.2 onboard oneconf openjdk-6-jdk openjdk-6-jre
openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-lib overlay-scrollbar pidgin
pidgin-libnotify policykit-1-gnome printer-driver-c2esp
printer-driver-foo2zjs printer-driver-gutenprint printer-driver-hpcups
printer-driver-pnm2ppa printer-driver-postscript-hp printer-driver-ptouch
printer-driver-sag-gdi printer-driver-splix pulseaudio-module-gconf
python-appindicator python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets
python-aptdaemon.pkcompat python-compizconfig python-cups python-cupshelpers
python-gconf python-gmenu python-gnomekeyring python-gtk2 python-ibus
python-notify python-pycurl python-smbc python-software-properties
python-ubuntu-sso-client python-ubuntuone-control-panel python-uno
python-virtkey remmina remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox
rhythmbox-mozilla rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder rhythmbox-plugin-magnatune
rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist rhythmbox-plugins rhythmbox-ubuntuone
samba-common-bin seahorse sessioninstaller shotwell simple-scan smbclient
software-center software-properties-gtk ssh-askpass-gnome subversion
synaptic system-config-printer-common system-config-printer-gnome
system-config-printer-udev telepathy-gabble telepathy-haze
telepathy-indicator telepathy-salut thunderbird thunderbird-globalmenu
thunderbird-locale-en thunderbird-locale-en-us transmission-gtk
ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-mono ubuntu-sso-client
ubuntu-sso-client-gtk ubuntuone-client ubuntuone-client-gnome
ubuntuone-control-panel ubuntuone-installer unity unity-2d unity-2d-panel
unity-2d-shell unity-2d-spread unity-asset-pool unity-common unity-greeter
unity-lens-applications unity-scope-video-remote unity-services
update-manager update-notifier upower usb-creator-gtk vino virtualbox
virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-qt vlc vlc-nox vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-pulse
whoopsie winbind wine wine1.4 wine1.4-amd64 wine1.4-common wine1.4-i386:i386
xdg-user-dirs-gtk xdiagnose xul-ext-ubufox yelp zeitgeist zeitgeist-datahub
zenity
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 467 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 1,807 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
删除 1.8GB 的 Ubuntu 工作人员是正确的做法吗？这比昨天更糟糕，当时我不得不删除 qt 库和所有依赖它的东西（几乎每个带有 GUI 的应用程序）才能安装 VLC 播放器。
我正在使用 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS。提前感谢您的解释。
答案1
我真的不知道你的包裹发生了什么，但是请尝试：
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update
答案2
您是否已aptitude安装或仍可安装？Aptitude 本身不会清理此问题 - 尽管会遵循其修复损坏依赖项的建议将要让您回到正常工作状态。更重要的是，aptitude 可能会为您提供解决此问题的方法，因为它有助于跟踪依赖关系。