我只是想安装 mailman 以便权限正确，但无论我做什么，mailman 都会以错误的权限安装：
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo apt-get install mailman
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
spamassassin lynx listadmin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
mailman
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/10.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 35.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 233409 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking mailman (from .../mailman_1%3a2.1.16~rc2-1_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...
Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (1.5.2-1) ...
Setting up libaprutil1-ldap (1.5.2-1) ...
Setting up apache2-bin (2.4.6-2ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up apache2-data (2.4.6-2ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up apache2 (2.4.6-2ubuntu2.1) ...
* Restarting web server apache2 [ OK ]
Setting up mailman (1:2.1.16~rc2-1) ...
Looking for enabled languages (this may take some time) ... done.
Installing site language en ............................................ done.
Configuring mailman for domain dur.bounceme.net ...
Upgrading from version 0x0 to 0x20110c2
getting rid of old source files
update-rc.d: warning: default stop runlevel arguments (0 1 6) do not match mailman Default-Stop values (none)
* Site list for mailman missing (looking for list named 'mailman').
* Please create it; until then, mailman will refuse to start.
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo newlist mailman
Enter the email of the person running the list: [email protected]
Initial mailman password:
To finish creating your mailing list, you must edit your /etc/aliases (or
equivalent) file by adding the following lines, and possibly running the
`newaliases' program:
## mailman mailing list
mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman"
mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman"
mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman"
mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman"
mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman"
mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman"
mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman"
mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman"
mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman"
mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman"
Hit enter to notify mailman owner...
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ ll /var/lib/mailman/
total 36
drwxrwsr-x 8 root list 4096 Jan 5 09:00 ./
drwxr-xr-x 71 root root 4096 Jan 5 09:00 ../
drwxrwsr-x 4 root list 4096 Jan 5 09:00 archives/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Aug 21 02:16 bin -> /usr/lib/mailman/bin/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Aug 21 02:16 cgi-bin -> /usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Aug 21 02:16 cron -> /usr/lib/mailman/cron/
drwxrwsr-x 2 root list 4096 Jan 5 09:00 data/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Aug 21 02:16 icons -> /usr/share/images/mailman/
drwxrwsr-x 3 root list 4096 Jan 5 09:01 lists/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Aug 21 02:16 locks -> /var/lock/mailman/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Aug 21 02:16 logs -> /var/log/mailman/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Aug 21 02:16 mail -> /usr/lib/mailman/mail/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Aug 21 02:16 Mailman -> /usr/lib/mailman/Mailman/
drwxr-xr-x 40 root list 4096 Jan 5 09:00 messages/
drwxrwsr-x 3 list list 4096 Jan 5 09:01 qfiles/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Aug 21 02:16 scripts -> /usr/lib/mailman/scripts/
drwxrwsr-x 2 root list 4096 Aug 21 02:15 spam/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Aug 21 02:16 templates -> /etc/mailman/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root list 15 Aug 21 02:16 .version
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo /usr/lib/mailman/bin/check_perms -f
directory must be at least 02775: /var/lib/mailman/logs (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/cron bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/logs bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/icons bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/mail bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/locks bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/Mailman bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/cgi-bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/templates bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/scripts bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sk (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/uk (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/nl (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ru (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/it (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ro (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/vi (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ca (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/et (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/tr (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/el (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ia (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/da (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ja (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pt (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/eu (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/hu (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fi (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sv (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/gl (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/hr (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ar (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/no (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fa (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fr (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/zh_TW (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ko (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/cs (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/de (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sr (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sl (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pl (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/es (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/lt (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pt_BR (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/he (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/zh_CN (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ast (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sk/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/uk/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/nl/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ru/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/it/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ro/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/vi/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ca/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/et/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/tr/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/el/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ia/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/da/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ja/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pt/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/eu/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/hu/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fi/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sv/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/gl/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/hr/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ar/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/no/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fa/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/fr/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ko/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/cs/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/de/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sr/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/sl/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pl/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/es/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/lt/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/he/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
directory permissions must be 02775: /var/lib/mailman/messages/ast/LC_MESSAGES (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/archives/private bad group (has: www-data, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman.mbox bad group (has: www-data, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman bad group (has: www-data, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman/index.html bad group (has: www-data, expected list) (fixing)
Problems found: 92
Re-run as list (or root) with -f flag to fix
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo /usr/lib/mailman/bin/check_perms -f
/var/lib/mailman/cron bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/logs bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/icons bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/mail bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/locks bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/Mailman bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/cgi-bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/templates bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/scripts bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
Problems found: 10
Re-run as list (or root) with -f flag to fix
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo /usr/lib/mailman/bin/check_perms -f
/var/lib/mailman/cron bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/logs bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/icons bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/mail bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/locks bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/Mailman bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/cgi-bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/templates bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/bin bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
/var/lib/mailman/scripts bad group (has: root, expected list) (fixing)
Problems found: 10
Re-run as list (or root) with -f flag to fix
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$
这是邮递员的错误吗，还是我以某种方式“错误”地执行了此操作，或者是我的系统存在“问题”？
对于默认安装，这似乎是一个危险信号，表明需要检查安装权限，更糟糕的是 mailman 实用程序无法修复它。我需要手动更改这些文件链接到的任何文件的权限吗？那只是似乎过多的。
我天真地倾向于认为这是一个包装问题，但也许我首先以某种方式搞砸了它，所以现在它无法正确安装。
也可以看看：
http://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/mailman-install/troubleshooting.html
答案1
我写于https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mailman/+bug/1266288/comments/2
“”” check_perms 并非设计用于处理符号链接。它会查看符号链接本身的所有权和模式并发出投诉，然后根据请求修复目标。因此，它永远不会“修复”它无论如何都无法做到的符号链接。
除了 check_perms 的投诉外，这不是一个问题，因为符号链接本身的所有权和模式在实践中无关紧要。"""
check_perms（或者其他任何东西）不能改变符号链接本身的所有权和模式。如果需要并且有要求，它会“修复”目标的所有权和模式。实际上 Mailman 没有任何操作问题。
唯一的问题是，check_perms 根据符号链接本身的所有权和模式报告问题，因为它不是为处理这种情况而设计的，因为标准 GNU Mailman 不以这种方式使用符号链接。
我已经添加了https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mailman/+bug/1266288/comments/3意思是
“”“我对此进行了更深入的研究，虽然我在评论 2 中说的都是正确的，但还有另一个问题。基本上，check_perms 报告的所有问题都是无害的，只是反映了“Debian 方式”和标准 GNU Mailman 之间的差异，这些“修复”
/var/lib/mailman/archives/private 坏组（具有：www-data，预期列表）（修复）/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman.mbox 坏组（具有：www-data，预期列表）（修复）/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman 坏组（具有：www-data，预期列表）（修复）/var/lib/mailman/archives/private/mailman/index.html 坏组（具有：www-data，预期列表）（修复）
将破坏公共档案访问。这是因为 /var/lib/mailman/archives/private 的标准推荐所有权和模式将是
drwxrws---www 数据列表
但 Debian 的方式是
drwxrws---列出www数据
虽然这可能有效，但 check_perms 会将其更改为
drwxrws--- 列表列表
这将不允许 Web 服务器访问公共档案。请参阅以下警告：http://www.list.org/mailman-install/node9.html了解更多详情。
底线是标准 check_perms 不应针对 Debian/Ubuntu 包运行。Debian 应该从包中删除 check_perms 或对其进行修复以遵循 Debian 方式。"""