我的 Wifi 适配器是 TL-WN823N，最初我的电脑无法识别任何东西。所以我安装了谷歌搜索找到的两个解决方案：
现在我的Wifi适配器可以被Kali-Linux系统（4.7.0）识别，但无法工作。
airmon-ng 启动 wlan1
PHY Interface Driver Chipset
null wlan1 ??????
这些是我为了寻找解决方案而启动的一些命令：
LSSB
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 2357:0109
长沙
*-usb:1
description: Generic USB device
product: 802.11n NIC
vendor: Realtek
physical id: 3
bus info: usb@1:3
version: 2.00
serial: 00e04c000001
capabilities: usb-2.10
configuration: driver=rtl8192eu maxpower=500mA speed=480Mbit/
尾-f -n 0 /var/log/messages
Nov 3 18:57:18 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.096552] usb 1-2: new high-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.281427] usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=2357, idProduct=0109
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.281430] usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.281431] usb 1-2: Product: 802.11n NIC
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.281433] usb 1-2: Manufacturer: Realtek
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.281434] usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 00e04c000001
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282035] RTL871X:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282035] usb_endpoint_descriptor(0):
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282038] RTL871X: bLength=7
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282039] RTL871X: bDescriptorType=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282039] RTL871X: bEndpointAddress=84
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282040] RTL871X: wMaxPacketSize=512
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282041] RTL871X: bInterval=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282042] RTL871X: RT_usb_endpoint_is_bulk_in = 4
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282043] RTL871X:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282043] usb_endpoint_descriptor(1):
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282044] RTL871X: bLength=7
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282045] RTL871X: bDescriptorType=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282046] RTL871X: bEndpointAddress=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282046] RTL871X: wMaxPacketSize=512
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282047] RTL871X: bInterval=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282048] RTL871X: RT_usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out = 5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282049] RTL871X:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282049] usb_endpoint_descriptor(2):
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282050] RTL871X: bLength=7
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282051] RTL871X: bDescriptorType=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282051] RTL871X: bEndpointAddress=6
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282052] RTL871X: wMaxPacketSize=512
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282053] RTL871X: bInterval=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282054] RTL871X: RT_usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out = 6
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282055] RTL871X:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282055] usb_endpoint_descriptor(3):
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282056] RTL871X: bLength=7
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282056] RTL871X: bDescriptorType=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282057] RTL871X: bEndpointAddress=87
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282058] RTL871X: wMaxPacketSize=64
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282059] RTL871X: bInterval=3
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282060] RTL871X: RT_usb_endpoint_is_int_in = 7, Interval = 3
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282061] RTL871X:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282061] usb_endpoint_descriptor(4):
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282062] RTL871X: bLength=7
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282062] RTL871X: bDescriptorType=5
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282063] RTL871X: bEndpointAddress=8
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282064] RTL871X: wMaxPacketSize=512
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282065] RTL871X: bInterval=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282065] RTL871X: RT_usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out = 8
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282067] RTL871X: nr_endpoint=5, in_num=2, out_num=3
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282067]
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282068] RTL871X: USB_SPEED_HIGH
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282104] RTL871X: CHIP TYPE: RTL8192E
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282110] RTL871X: register rtw_netdev_ops to netdev_ops
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282150] RTL871X: ReadChipVersion192e 0xF0 = 0xc441135
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282156] RTL871X: Chip Version Info: CHIP_8192E_Normal_Chip_SMIC_B_CUT_2T2R_RomVer(0)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282158] RTL871X: RF_Type is 2!!
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282160] RTL871X: _ConfigChipOutEP_8192E OutEpQueueSel(0x07), OutEpNumber(3)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282161] RTL871X: ====> ReadAdapterInfo8192EU
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.282184] RTL871X: Boot from EFUSE, Autoload OK !
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338870] RTL871X: EEPROM ID=0x8129
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338879] RTL871X: VID = 0x2357, PID = 0x0109
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338881] RTL871X: Customer ID: 0x00, SubCustomer ID: 0xCD
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338884] RTL871X: hal_ReadMACAddress_8192EU MAC Address from EFUSE = 18:a6:f7:12:eb:08
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338887] RTL871X: Hal_ReadPowerSavingMode8192E...bHWPwrPindetect(0)-bHWPowerdown(0) ,bSupportRemoteWakeup(1)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338889] RTL871X: ### PS params=> power_mgnt(1),usbss_enable(0) ###
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338893] RTL871X: EEPROMRegulatory = 0x1 TxPwrCalibrateRate=0x0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338894] RTL871X: Board Type: Dongle or WIFI only Module
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338898] RTL871X: mlmepriv.ChannelPlan = 0x21
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338899] RTL871X: CrystalCap: 0x1b
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338900] RTL871X: ThermalMeter = 0x23
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338901] RTL871X: SWAS: bHwAntDiv = 0, TRxAntDivType = ff
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338902] RTL871X: pHalData->PAType_2G is 0x0, pHalData->ExternalPA_2G = 0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338903] RTL871X: pHalData->LNAType_2G is 0x0, pHalData->ExternalLNA_2G = 0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.338904] RTL871X: ReadAdapterInfo8192EU <====
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339008] RTL871X: init_channel_set ChannelPlan ID 21 Chan num:13
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339802] RTL871X: pwrctrlpriv.bSupportRemoteWakeup~~~~~~
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339818] RTL871X: pwrctrlpriv.bSupportRemoteWakeup~~~[1]~~~
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339824] RTL871X: can't get autopm:
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339828] RTL871X: rtw_macaddr_cfg MAC Address = 18:a6:f7:12:eb:08
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339830] RTL871X: bDriverStopped:1, bSurpriseRemoved:0, bup:0, hw_init_completed:0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.339872] RTL871X: rtw_ndev_init(wlan1)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.1747] (wlan1): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x3F).
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.1749] (wlan1): using WEXT for WiFi device control
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.341084] RTL871X: _rtw_drv_register_netdev, MAC Address (if1) = 18:a6:f7:12:eb:08
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.342813] RTL871X: LeaveAllPowerSaveMode(wlan1): bup=0 Skip!
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.342827] RTL871X: rtw_wx_set_scan: bDriverStopped=1, bup=0, hw_init_completed=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.1763] manager: (wlan1): new 802.11 WiFi device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/3)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 6: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2"
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 6 was not an MTP device
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.404413] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.404438] RTL871X: +871x_drv - drv_open, bup=0
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.404440] RTL871X: ==>_InitPowerOn_8192EU
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.406520] RTL871X: SetHwReg8192E: bMacPwrCtrlOn=1
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.406717] RTL871X: ===> FirmwareDownload88E() fw source from Header.
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.406720] RTL871X: FirmwareDownload8192E fw:NIC, size: 31818
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.2360] devices added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/net/wlan1, iface: wlan1)
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.2360] device added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/net/wlan1, iface: wlan1): no ifupdown configuration found.
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <info> [1478195839.2361] device (wlan1): state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed') [10 20 2]
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.406722] RTL871X: FirmwareDownload8192E: fw_ver=19 fw_subver=0 sig=0x92e1
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.437964] RTL871X: polling_fwdl_chksum: Checksum report OK! (1, 0ms), REG_MCUFWDL:0x00070305
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.438409] RTL871X: =====> _8051Reset8192E(): 8051 reset success .
Nov 3 18:57:19 Koine-Paolo kernel: [ 171.462916] RTL871X: _FWFreeToGo8192E: Polling FW ready OK! (508, 24ms), REG_MCUFWDL:0x000702c6
Nov 3 18:57:19 Koine-Paolo kernel: [ 171.462925] RTL871X: FWDL success. write_fw:1, 56ms
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.467718] RTL871X: ===> phy_BB8192E_Config_ParaFile() EEPROMRegulatory 1
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 171.482715] RTL871X: PHY_BBConfig8192E ==> CrystalCap:0x1b
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.022213] RTL871X: Auto InitLLTTable8192E success
Nov 3 18:57:19 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.032385] RTL871X: pDM_Odm TxPowerTrackControl = 1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.189231] RTL871X: phy_SpurCalibration_8192E =>AFE_PHASE_SEL
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.249968] RTL871X: ===FixSpur NOT Pass!
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.620896] RTL871X: wlan1 MAC Address from REG_MACID = 18:a6:f7:12:eb:08
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.620898] RTL871X: rtl8192eu_hal_init in 1220ms
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.620900] RTL871X: wlan1Port-0 set opmode = 2
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.627095] RTL871X: MAC Address = 18:a6:f7:12:eb:08
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.627132] RTL871X: -871x_drv - drv_open, bup=1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.627188] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.627343] RTL871X: (2)871x_drv - drv_close, bup=1, hw_init_completed=1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.633770] RTL871X: indicate disassoc
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.633789] RTL871X: SetHwReg8192E(wlan1) HW_VAR_BASIC_RATE: BrateCfg(0x15d)
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.633791] RTL871X: +rtl8192e_set_FwJoinBssReport_cmd(wlan1): iface_type=0 mstatus(0)
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.633945] RTL871X: -871x_drv - drv_close, bup=1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC NetworkManager[702]: <warn> [1478195840.5662] device (wlan1): set-hw-addr: new MAC address 36:26:4F:13:8B:1B not successfully set (scanning)
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.734440] RTL871X: +871x_drv - drv_open, bup=1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.734446] RTL871X: -871x_drv - drv_open, bup=1
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.734464] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742328] RTL871X: [rtw_wx_set_pmkid] IW_PMKSA_FLUSH!
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742334] RTL871X: set_mode = IW_MODE_INFRA
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742350] RTL871X: set bssid:00:00:00:00:00:00
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742361] RTL871X: =>rtw_wx_set_essid
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742362] RTL871X: ssid=g�isQ�J�)ͺ����F|�T����vZ.c3�ɚ, len=32
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742364] RTL871X: set ssid [g�isQ�J�)ͺ����F|�T����vZ.c3�ɚUw-�] fw_state=0x00000008
Nov 3 18:57:20 KALI-PC kernel: [ 172.742364] RTL871X: Set SSID under fw_state=0x00000008
答案1
为了避免这种情况，我在 Windows 上使用 Rufus 制作了 live USB，并将 Debian 非自由固件提取到 USB 上的固件文件夹中。然后在安装 Kali 时插入 wifi 卡。它应该为其加载非免费固件。