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OpenVPN - Linux 客户端已连接但无法访问互联网，路由问题

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OpenVPN - Linux 客户端已连接但无法访问互联网，路由问题

我安装了 OpenVPN 服务器一段时间，并使用所有互联网流量都通过的网关选项。

它适用于 Windows 和我的 Android 手机等客户端计算机，但在我的 ubuntu 笔记本上相同的 Open VPN 客户端配置似乎不起作用。客户端连接到 VPN 服务器，但互联网流量似乎没有被路由。

连接处于活动状态时 ping vpn 服务器确实有效： ping 10.8.0.1

所以我不确定缺少什么。到目前为止我尝试了以下选项

  • 添加到客户端路由配置：route 10.8.0.0/24
  • 尝试通过控制台添加路由配置： sudo route add -net 10.8.0.0/24 gw 1​​0.8.0.1 dev tun0 但它会变成一个错误，尽管 vpn 已启动并正在运行，但网络无法访问
  • 关闭我的 ubuntu 客户端上的防火墙

任何帮助或提示表示赞赏。谢谢

服务器配置：

port 443
proto tcp
dev tun
ca ...
cert ...
key ...
dh ...
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
push "redirect-gateway def1 bypasss-dhcp"
push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8"
push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4"
client-to-client
keepalive 10 120
comp-lzo
persist-key
persist-tun
status ...
log ...
verb 3

客户端配置：

client
dev tun
proto tcp
remote www.serverdomain.com 443
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
persist-key
persist-tun
comp-lzo
verb 3
remote-cert-tls server
# route 10.8.0.0/24 --> adding such a route made no difference

客户端 ifconfig:

tun0      
      Link encap:UNSPEC  HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  
      inet addr:10.8.0.10  P-t-P:10.8.0.9  Mask:255.255.255.255
      inet6 addr: fe80::b393:268c:61db:72d4/64 Scope:Link
      UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:47 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:93 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 
      RX bytes:4394 (4.3 KB)  TX bytes:7012 (7.0 KB)

wlp1s0    
      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr a4:34:d9:5c:9d:06  
      inet addr:192.168.0.130  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::5e97:3a8f:9596:8c30/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:24879 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:17473 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
      RX bytes:14983497 (14.9 MB)  TX bytes:2721828 (2.7 MB)

客户端日志输出：

 Thu Nov  3 21:03:25 2016 OpenVPN 2.3.10 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [IPv6] built on Feb  2 2016
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:25 2016 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.2g-fips  1 Mar 2016, LZO 2.08
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:25 2016 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->87380] S=[16384->16384]
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:25 2016 Attempting to establish TCP connection with [AF_INET]188.62.xx.xx:443 [nonblock]
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]188.62.xx.xx:443
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef]
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: [AF_INET]188.62.xx.xx:443
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]188.62.xx.xx:443, sid=ff1258e5 f87eeaf5
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=CH, ST=ZH, L=Hinwil, O=xxx, OU=IT, CN=xxxx, name=xxxx, emailAddress=xxxx.ch
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Validating certificate key usage
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 ++ Certificate has key usage  00a0, expects 00a0
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 VERIFY KU OK
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Validating certificate extended key usage
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 ++ Certificate has EKU (str) TLS Web Server Authentication, expects TLS Web Server Authentication
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 VERIFY EKU OK
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=CH, ST=ZH, L=Hinwil, O=xxxx, OU=IT, CN=xxxx, name=xxxxx, emailAddress=xxxx.ch
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 Control Channel: TLSv1.2, cipher     TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, 2048 bit RSA
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:26 2016 [xxxx] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]188.62.xx.xx:443
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:28 2016 SENT CONTROL [diabolo]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5'
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ip-win32 and/or --dhcp-option options modified
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 ROUTE_GATEWAY 192.168.0.1/255.255.255.0 IFACE=wlp1s0 HWADDR=a4:34:d9:5c:9d:06
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 do_ifconfig, tt->ipv6=0, tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup=0
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip addr add dev tun0 local 10.8.0.6 peer 10.8.0.5
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip route add 188.62.79.43/32 via 192.168.0.1
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip route add 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.5
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip route add 128.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.5
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 /sbin/ip route add 10.8.0.0/24 via 10.8.0.5
 Thu Nov  3 21:03:29 2016 Initialization Sequence Completed

客户端netstat -rn

 Kernel IP routing table
 Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
 0.0.0.0         10.8.0.9        128.0.0.0       UG        0 0          0 tun0
 0.0.0.0         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 wlp1s0
 10.8.0.0        10.8.0.9        255.255.255.0   UG        0 0          0 tun0
 10.8.0.9        0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH        0 0          0 tun0
 128.0.0.0       10.8.0.9        128.0.0.0       UG        0 0          0 tun0
 169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 wlp1s0
 188.62.xx.xx    192.168.0.1     255.255.255.255 UGH       0 0          0 wlp1s0
 192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 wlp1s0

答案1

我可以通过降低以太网/无线网卡的“指标”来解决这个问题。您可以通过“route”命令或使用附加工具“降低网卡路由条目的指标（优先级）”如果度量" (sudo apt-get install ifmetric) 即 ifmetric eth0 100 (0 = 最高优先级)

之后我认识到，当 VPN 连接建立时，来自 openvpn 服务器的 DNS 条目尚未被接管。所以我用谷歌搜索了一下，找到了一个答案，你需要在 ubuntu 客户端的配置文件中添加以下几行：

script-security 2
up /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
down /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf

当使用服务器推送的条目建立 VPN 连接时，这会更新“/etc/resolv.conf”中的 DNS 条目。

所以它现在作为一种魅力发挥作用。

答案2

尝试：

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

答案3

可能是安装 OpenVPN Linux 客户端的权限吗？因为它没有创建一个TUN。所以我自己做了一个（这是实际的问题）：

sudo ip tuntap add name tun0 mode tun
sudo ip link show

在询问 VPN 用户名和密码后它就连接了，现在终于有了互联网连接。

来源：https://www.naturalborncoder.com/virtualization/2014/10/17/understanding-tun-tap-interfaces

尝试官方 openvpn3-linux 客户端和安装程序的替代解决方案应该为您进行配置：https://github.com/OpenVPN/openvpn3-linux

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