Ubuntu 14.04.3。我无法安装 python-dev：
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install python-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
python-dev : Depends: libpython-dev (= 2.7.5-5ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: python2.7-dev (>= 2.7.5-1~) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
还：
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libpython-dev
[sudo] password for yura:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libpython-dev : Depends: libpython2.7-dev (>= 2.7.5-1~) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libpython2.7-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libpython2.7-dev : Depends: libpython2.7-stdlib (= 2.7.6-8) but 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.2 is to be installed
Depends: libpython2.7 (= 2.7.6-8) but 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libpython2.7-stdlib
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
libpython2.7-stdlib is already the newest version.
libpython2.7-stdlib set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libpython2.7-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libpython2.7-dev : Depends: libpython2.7-stdlib (= 2.7.6-8) but 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.2 is to be installed
Depends: libpython2.7 (= 2.7.6-8) but 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.2 is to be installed
我尝试过这些命令，但它们没有帮助：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove
auso apt-get install -f
当我尝试执行时apt-get update，收到以下信息：
yura@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease [55,7 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg [933 B]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages [1 045 kB]
Ign http://dl.google.com stable InRelease
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
Get:4 http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg [181 B]
Get:5 http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg [72 B]
Get:6 http://dl.google.com stable Release [1 189 B]
Get:7 http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty Release [11,9 kB]
Get:8 http://dl.google.com stable/main amd64 Packages [1 363 B]
Get:9 http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources [14 B]
Get:10 http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty/main i386 Packages [14 B]
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages [16,1 kB]
Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en [414 kB]
Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en [3 869 B]
Get:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release [58,5 kB]
Get:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources [1 064 kB]
Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Sources [5 433 B]
Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Sources [6 399 kB]
Get:18 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Sources [174 kB]
Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main i386 Packages [1 348 kB]
Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted i386 Packages [13,4 kB]
Get:21 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe i386 Packages [5 866 kB]
Get:22 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse i386 Packages [134 kB]
Get:23 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en [762 kB]
Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en [102 kB]
Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Translation-en [3 457 B]
Get:26 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en [4 089 kB]
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US
Fetched 21,6 MB in 1min 7s (318 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_main_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_restricted_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_main_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_restricted_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_main_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_restricted_binary-i386_Packages)
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
我安装了常见的python2.7，但是还需要python-dev。
我也尝试过从相关问题中解决这个问题（对我来说不起作用）：
echo "deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/precise-updates.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python2.7-dev
输出如下该命令：
apt-cache policy python2.7-dev
apt-cache policy python2.7
apt-cache show python2.7
答案1
我已经通过 packages.ubuntu.com 网站找到了该决定。
编辑文件
/etc/apt/sources.list（在文件管理器中双击或sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list从终端使用）。将新记录添加到包列表中：deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main关闭此文件（Ubuntu 将自动更新您的软件包）。如果没有，则执行
sudo apt-get update。执行
sudo apt-get install python-dev。它应该可以工作。如果没有，请尝试其他来自的包链接这里。
答案2
这意味着您在某处提到了deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main两次deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates restricted。
确保没有提及精确更新在 中
/etc/apt/sources.list。如果有，请复制它，删除它，然后尝试另一个sudo apt-update && sudo apt-upgrade -y。移至
/etc/apt/sources.list.d。检查每个文件是否提及精确更新并删除您找到的第一个文件上的整行。从此时起，您应该能够sudo apt-update && sudo apt-upgrade -y成功运行。如果不能，则此目录中的某个地方还有另一个重复项，您需要再次运行步骤 2。