我在笔记本电脑上安装了新的 Ubuntu。安装过程中，我可以指示要使用哪个网络连接，它确实做到了。无线连接到我的路由器，甚至笔记本电脑上的 WiFi 指示灯也亮了。
但安装后它就一直无法工作。LED 指示无网络，而我有限的 Linux 经验所能发现的最多情况是适配器从未从 virbr0 转到 eth0，并且我在启动时瞥见“启动提升网络接口失败”。
让我感到困惑的是，在安装过程中我必须选择它并输入 wifi 密码。我缺少的是“每次重启时输入密码的方法吗？”
如果有人能帮助我解决这个问题，我将不胜感激。谢谢。
系统信息
以下是我系统的信息。我应该补充一点：我重新安装了笔记本电脑，通过有线端口连接，至少可以上网。但出于显而易见的原因，我希望能够激活无线功能。
########## wireless info START ##########
Report from: 13 Jul 2016 14:24 EDT -0400
Booted last: 13 Jul 2016 00:00 EDT -0400
Script from: 08 Jul 2016 02:16 UTC +0000
##### release ###########################
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release: 16.04
Codename: xenial
##### kernel ############################
Linux 4.4.0-28-generic #47-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jun 24 10:09:13 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Parameters: ro
##### desktop ###########################
sed: can't read /home/sergicle/.dmrc: No such file or directory
Could not be determined.
##### lspci #############################
01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 02)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller [103c:360b]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:002b] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company U98Z062.12 802.11bgn Wireless Half-size Mini PCIe Card [103c:3040]
Kernel driver in use: ath9k
##### lsusb #############################
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
##### PCMCIA card info ##################
'pccardctl' is not installed (package "pcmciautils").
##### rfkill ############################
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: yes
##### lsmod #############################
ath9k 143360 0
ath9k_common 36864 1 ath9k
ath9k_hw 466944 2 ath9k_common,ath9k
ath 32768 3 ath9k_common,ath9k,ath9k_hw
mac80211 737280 1 ath9k
hp_wmi 16384 0
sparse_keymap 16384 1 hp_wmi
cfg80211 565248 4 ath,ath9k_common,ath9k,mac80211
wmi 20480 1 hp_wmi
##### interfaces ########################
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet dhcp
auto wls1
iface wls1 inet static
address 192.168.1.11
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
wpa-ssid <345 Home Danny>
wpa-psk <WPA key removed>
##### ifconfig ##########################
docker0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr <MAC 'docker0' [IF1]>
inet addr:172.17.0.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
enp1s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr <MAC 'enp1s0' [IF2]>
inet addr:192.168.1.10 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::<IP6 'enp1s0' [IF2]>/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:42071 (42.0 KB) TX bytes:43140 (43.1 KB)
wls1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr <MAC 'wls1' [IF3]>
inet addr:192.168.1.11 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
##### iwconfig ##########################
lo no wireless extensions.
enp1s0 no wireless extensions.
docker0 no wireless extensions.
wls1 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
##### route #############################
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 enp1s0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 enp1s0
##### resolv.conf #######################
nameserver 192.168.1.1
##### network managers ##################
Installed:
NetworkManager
Running:
root 913 1 0 14:22 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon
##### NetworkManager info ###############
GENERAL.DEVICE: docker0
GENERAL.TYPE: bridge
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceBridge
GENERAL.VENDOR:
GENERAL.PRODUCT:
GENERAL.DRIVER: bridge
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 2.3
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: N/A
GENERAL.HWADDR: <MAC address>
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 100 (connected)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /sys/devices/virtual/net/docker0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: docker0
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: yes
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: yes
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: docker0
GENERAL.CON-UUID: 16753b8b-6213-4719-ada5-dc1f71eac831
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/0
GENERAL.METERED: no (guessed)
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: yes
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: yes
BRIDGE.SLAVES:
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/{0}
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTIONS[1]: 16753b8b-6213-4719-ada5-dc1f71eac831 | docker0
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 172.17.0.1/16
IP4.GATEWAY:
IP6.GATEWAY:
GENERAL.DEVICE: enp1s0
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceEthernet
GENERAL.VENDOR: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
GENERAL.PRODUCT: RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller
GENERAL.DRIVER: r8169
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 2.3LK-NAPI
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION:
GENERAL.HWADDR: <MAC 'enp1s0' [IF2]>
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 10 (unmanaged)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /virtual/device/placeholder/1
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: enp1s0
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: no
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: no
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: --
GENERAL.CON-UUID: --
GENERAL.CON-PATH: --
GENERAL.METERED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: yes
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: 100 Mb/s
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: no
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS:
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.1.10/24
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.1.1
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::<IP6 'enp1s0' [IF2]>/64
IP6.GATEWAY:
GENERAL.DEVICE: wls1
GENERAL.TYPE: wifi
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceWifi
GENERAL.VENDOR: Qualcomm Atheros
GENERAL.PRODUCT: AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (U98Z062.12 802.11bgn Wireless Half-size Mini PCIe Card)
GENERAL.DRIVER: ath9k
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 4.4.0-28-generic
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: N/A
GENERAL.HWADDR: <MAC 'wls1' [IF3]>
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 10 (unmanaged)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /virtual/device/placeholder/0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: wls1
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: no
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: no
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: --
GENERAL.CON-UUID: --
GENERAL.CON-PATH: --
GENERAL.METERED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: no
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: no
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WEP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WPA: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WPA2: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.TKIP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.CCMP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.AP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.ADHOC: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.2GHZ: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.5GHZ: no
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS:
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.1.11/24
IP4.GATEWAY:
IP6.GATEWAY:
SSID BSSID MODE CHAN FREQ RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY ACTIVE *
##### NetworkManager.state ##############
[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true
##### NetworkManager.conf ###############
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
dns=dnsmasq
[ifupdown]
managed=false
##### NetworkManager profiles ###########
##### iw reg get ########################
Region: America/New_York (based on set time zone)
country 00: DFS-UNSET
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
(2457 - 2482 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(2474 - 2494 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-OFDM, NO-IR
(5170 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(5250 - 5330 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, NO-IR
(5490 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, NO-IR
(5735 - 5835 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-IR
(57240 - 63720 @ 2160), (N/A, 0), (N/A)
##### iwlist channels ###################
lo no frequency information.
enp1s0 no frequency information.
docker0 no frequency information.
wls1 14 channels in total; available frequencies :
Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz
Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz
Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz
Channel 04 : 2.427 GHz
Channel 05 : 2.432 GHz
Channel 06 : 2.437 GHz
Channel 07 : 2.442 GHz
Channel 08 : 2.447 GHz
Channel 09 : 2.452 GHz
Channel 10 : 2.457 GHz
Channel 11 : 2.462 GHz
Channel 12 : 2.467 GHz
Channel 13 : 2.472 GHz
Channel 14 : 2.484 GHz
##### iwlist scan #######################
lo Interface doesn't support scanning.
enp1s0 Interface doesn't support scanning.
wls1 Interface doesn't support scanning : Network is down
docker0 Interface doesn't support scanning.
##### module infos ######################
[ath9k]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k.ko
license: Dual BSD/GPL
description: Support for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN cards.
author: Atheros Communications
srcversion: 323EDC06388A3D0920FD7FC
depends: mac80211,ath9k_hw,ath9k_common,cfg80211,ath
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: debug:Debugging mask (uint)
parm: nohwcrypt:Disable hardware encryption (int)
parm: blink:Enable LED blink on activity (int)
parm: led_active_high:Invert LED polarity (int)
parm: btcoex_enable:Enable wifi-BT coexistence (int)
parm: bt_ant_diversity:Enable WLAN/BT RX antenna diversity (int)
parm: ps_enable:Enable WLAN PowerSave (int)
parm: use_chanctx:Enable channel context for concurrency (int)
[ath9k_common]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.ko
license: Dual BSD/GPL
description: Shared library for Atheros wireless 802.11n LAN cards.
author: Atheros Communications
srcversion: 6FBD9F8A613FDFA282AB4FE
depends: ath9k_hw,cfg80211,ath
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[ath9k_hw]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.ko
license: Dual BSD/GPL
description: Support for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN cards.
author: Atheros Communications
srcversion: BF9F4930086BABAAF3CD9BA
depends: ath
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[ath]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.ko
license: Dual BSD/GPL
description: Shared library for Atheros wireless LAN cards.
author: Atheros Communications
srcversion: 3FCDBF7CE71CB8FB980D59D
depends: cfg80211
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
[mac80211]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko
license: GPL
description: IEEE 802.11 subsystem
srcversion: 2FFAEED0245CA1D97FE1E44
depends: cfg80211
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: minstrel_vht_only:Use only VHT rates when VHT is supported by sta. (bool)
parm: max_nullfunc_tries:Maximum nullfunc tx tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: max_probe_tries:Maximum probe tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: beacon_loss_count:Number of beacon intervals before we decide beacon was lost. (int)
parm: probe_wait_ms:Maximum time(ms) to wait for probe response before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: ieee80211_default_rc_algo:Default rate control algorithm for mac80211 to use (charp)
[cfg80211]
filename: /lib/modules/4.4.0-28-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
description: wireless configuration support
license: GPL
author: Johannes Berg
srcversion: 25A45701AAA64DAC1E47D9D
depends:
intree: Y
vermagic: 4.4.0-28-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: ieee80211_regdom:IEEE 802.11 regulatory domain code (charp)
parm: cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz:Disable 40MHz support in the 2.4GHz band (bool)
##### module parameters #################
[ath9k]
blink: 0
bt_ant_diversity: 0
btcoex_enable: 0
led_active_high: -1
nohwcrypt: 1
ps_enable: 0
use_chanctx: 0
[mac80211]
beacon_loss_count: 7
ieee80211_default_rc_algo: minstrel_ht
max_nullfunc_tries: 2
max_probe_tries: 5
minstrel_vht_only: Y
probe_wait_ms: 500
[cfg80211]
cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz: N
ieee80211_regdom: 00
##### /etc/modules ######################
##### modprobe options ##################
[/etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf]
options ath9k nohwcrypt=1
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf]
blacklist ath_pci
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf]
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist i2c_i801
blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rare-network.conf]
alias net-pf-3 off
alias net-pf-6 off
alias net-pf-9 off
alias net-pf-11 off
alias net-pf-12 off
alias net-pf-19 off
alias net-pf-21 off
alias net-pf-36 off
[/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf]
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211
[/etc/modprobe.d/mlx4.conf]
softdep mlx4_core post: mlx4_en
##### rc.local ##########################
exit 0
##### pm-utils ##########################
##### udev rules ########################
##### dmesg #############################
[ 15.919242] ath: phy0: Enable LNA combining
[ 15.922699] ath: phy0: ASPM enabled: 0x43
[ 15.922704] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x60
[ 15.922707] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a direct regpair map
[ 15.922709] ath: Country alpha2 being used: 00
[ 15.922711] ath: Regpair used: 0x60
[ 16.198049] ath9k 0000:02:00.0 wls1: renamed from wlan0
[ 19.393276] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: link down (repeated 2 times)
[ 19.393330] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
[ 21.131103] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: link up
[ 21.131113] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp1s0: link becomes ready
[ 28.990927] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): docker0: link is not ready
########## wireless info END ############
答案1
看起来您没有安装一些通常包含在默认 Ubuntu 安装中的软件。这可能是 wifi 在实时会话期间可用但在安装后不可用的原因。
最好找到一根以太网电缆来提供网络访问。
建立网络连接后，按++CTRL打开终端，然后运行以下命令：ALTT
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install wireless-tools iw network-manager
重启。
安装后，请再次运行无线脚本，但是，如果重新启动后一切正常，则不必运行该脚本。
更新：
看起来 fn 组合键可能映射到了错误的键。
首先，尝试使用 fn 键组合切换 wifi。
如果灯不亮，请尝试其他功能键来查看它映射到哪一个。ALT+f12通常是罪魁祸首。