我安装了 16.04，遇到了一个奇怪的问题
sudo apt autoremove
删除除当前和前一个内核之外的旧内核，但不会删除旧的头文件。
在其他 16.04 安装中，它会删除两者。
我怎样才能找出问题所在？
我花了很多时间来学习内核自动删除的工作原理，但没有发现工作机器和非工作机器之间有任何区别。
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels
// DO NOT EDIT! File autogenerated by /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal
APT::NeverAutoRemove
{
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
};
/* Debug information:
# dpkg list:
rc linux-image-3.11.0-17-generic 3.11.0-17.31 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.11.0-18-generic 3.11.0-18.32 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.11.0-19-generic 3.11.0-19.33 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-27-generic 3.13.0-27.50 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-29-generic 3.13.0-29.53 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-33-generic 3.13.0-33.58 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-35-generic 3.13.0-35.62 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-36-generic 3.13.0-36.63 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-25-generic 3.16.0-25.33~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-28-generic 3.16.0-28.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-29-generic 3.16.0-29.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-40-generic 3.16.0-40.54~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-21-generic 3.19.0-21.21~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-22-generic 3.19.0-22.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-23-generic 3.19.0-23.24~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-25-generic 3.19.0-25.26~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-26-generic 3.19.0-26.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-28-generic 3.19.0-28.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-30-generic 3.19.0-30.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-31-generic 3.19.0-31.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-32-generic 3.19.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-33-generic 3.19.0-33.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-18-generic 4.2.0-18.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-19-generic 4.2.0-19.23~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-21-generic 4.2.0-21.25~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-22-generic 4.2.0-22.27~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-23-generic 4.2.0-23.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-25-generic 4.2.0-25.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-27-generic 4.2.0-27.32~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-30-generic 4.2.0-30.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-32-generic 4.2.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-34-generic 4.2.0-34.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-10-generic 4.4.0-10.25 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-11-generic 4.4.0-11.26 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-12-generic 4.4.0-12.28 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-13-generic 4.4.0-13.29~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-14-generic 4.4.0-14.30~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-15-generic 4.4.0-15.31~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-18-generic 4.4.0-18.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic 4.4.0-22.40 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-24-generic 4.4.0-24.43 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-31-generic 4.4.0-31.50 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-34-generic 4.4.0-34.53 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-36-generic 4.4.0-36.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-17-generic 3.11.0-17.31 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-18-generic 3.11.0-18.32 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-19-generic 3.11.0-19.33 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-27-generic 3.13.0-27.50 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-29-generic 3.13.0-29.53 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-33-generic 3.13.0-33.58 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-35-generic 3.13.0-35.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-36-generic 3.13.0-36.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-40-generic 3.13.0-40.69 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-25-generic 3.16.0-25.33~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-28-generic 3.16.0-28.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-29-generic 3.16.0-29.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-40-generic 3.16.0-40.54~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-21-generic 3.19.0-21.21~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-22-generic 3.19.0-22.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-23-generic 3.19.0-23.24~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-25-generic 3.19.0-25.26~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-26-generic 3.19.0-26.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-28-generic 3.19.0-28.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-30-generic 3.19.0-30.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-31-generic 3.19.0-31.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-32-generic 3.19.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-33-generic 3.19.0-33.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-18-generic 4.2.0-18.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-19-generic 4.2.0-19.23~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-21-generic 4.2.0-21.25~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-22-generic 4.2.0-22.27~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-23-generic 4.2.0-23.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-25-generic 4.2.0-25.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-27-generic 4.2.0-27.32~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-30-generic 4.2.0-30.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-32-generic 4.2.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-34-generic 4.2.0-34.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-10-generic 4.4.0-10.25 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-11-generic 4.4.0-11.26 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-12-generic 4.4.0-12.28 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-13-generic 4.4.0-13.29~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-14-generic 4.4.0-14.30~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-15-generic 4.4.0-15.31~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-18-generic 4.4.0-18.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic 4.4.0-22.40 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic 4.4.0-24.43 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic 4.4.0-31.50 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-34-generic 4.4.0-34.53 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-36-generic 4.4.0-36.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rH linux-image-extra-4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.43.45 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
# list of installed kernel packages:
4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57
4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63
# list of different kernel versions:
4.4.0-43.63
4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-38.57
# Installing kernel: 4.4.0-38.57 (4.4.0-38-generic)
# Running kernel: 4.4.0-43.63 (4.4.0-43-generic)
# Last kernel: 4.4.0-43.63
# Previous kernel: 4.4.0-42.62
# Kernel versions list to keep:
4.4.0-38.57
4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-43.63
# Kernel packages (version part) to protect:
4\.4\.0-38-generic
4\.4\.0-42-generic
4\.4\.0-43-generic
*/
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ aptitude search '^linux* ?installed'
i A linux-base - Linux image base package
i linux-firmware - Firmware for Linux kernel drivers
i linux-generic - Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-34 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-34-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-36 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-36-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-38 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-38-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-42 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-42-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-43 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-43-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-generic - Generic Linux kernel headers
i A linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64
i A linux-image-4.4.0-43-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64
i A linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-gene - Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4
i A linux-image-extra-4.4.0-43-gene - Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4
i A linux-image-generic - Generic Linux kernel image
i linux-libc-dev - Linux Kernel Headers for development
i linux-sound-base - base package for ALSA and OSS sound system
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
上次运行后，除 4.4.0-42 和 43 之外的apt autoremove所有linux-image软件包都已被删除，但标题被保留。
这是受影响安装的 debug-autoremove.txt。
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/89297281/debug-autoremove.txt
这是来自未受影响的机器的同一命令的输出。
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/89297281/debug-autoremove-good.txt
这是第一个使用 sudo 的。
答案1
autoremove将删除以下所有软件包：
- 自动安装
- 未包含在
APT::NeverAutoRemoveAPT 配置中 - 没有任何受抚养人
以下是我们遵循的调试步骤
检查自动/手动安装
aptitude search '^linux* ?installed'检查当前声明的版本
APT::NeverAutoRemovecat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels检查依赖性
apt-cache rdepends linux-headers-4.4.0-38-generic带来的只是
sudo apt-get -o Debug::pkgAutoRemove=1 -s autoremove 2> debug-autoremove.txt ... Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-43-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-43.63 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-43-generic:amd64 4.4.0-43.63 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-42-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-42.62 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-42-generic:amd64 4.4.0-42.62 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-38-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-38.57 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-38-generic:amd64 4.4.0-38.57 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-36-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-36.55 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-36-generic:amd64 4.4.0-36.55 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-34-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-34.53 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-34-generic:amd64 4.4.0-34.53 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-31-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-31.50 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-31-generic:amd64 4.4.0-31.50 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-28-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-28.47 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic:amd64 4.4.0-28.47 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-24-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-24.43 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-24-generic:amd64 4.4.0-24.43 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-22-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-22.40 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-22-generic:amd64 4.4.0-22.40 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-21-lowlatency:amd64 4.4.0-21.37 Following dep: virtualbox-5.0:amd64 5.0.20-106931~Ubuntu~wily Recommends linux-headers:amd64 , provided by linux-headers-4.4.0-21-generic:amd64 4.4.0-21.37 ...所以这是通过虚拟包的依赖问题
linux-headers
我很怀疑这里，在我看来这是一个错误。
- 无论在自动删除函数中，它都无法处理虚拟包依赖关系。
- 或者在 virtualbox 包中，可能需要另一种方式来声明对 Linux 标头的依赖。
答案2
当涉及到诸如内核管理之类的重要主题时，我通常不太相信自动运行系统维护操作。从您的评论中我可以看出，VirtualBox 5 似乎存在干扰。因此，我建议使用最可靠的方法来清理旧内核。
检查安装了哪些内核版本：dpkg --get-selections | grep linux
特别检查标题：dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-headers
删除您想要删除的（将 * 替换为内核版本号）：
sudo apt purge linux-headers-* linux-headers-*-generic linux-image-*-generic linux-image-extra-*-generic linux-signed-image-*-generic
这当然不能解释出了什么问题以及为什么运行命令时自动删除标题不起作用apt autoremove，但最终它是一个实现您想要的解决方案，并且它还能确保正确清理所有内容。