我刚刚在一台旧的 Dell E6500 笔记本电脑上安装了 Ubuntu 17.10.1。当我尝试启动时，它报告
/dev/sda2: clean, x files, x blocks
然后挂起。
查看 kern.log 我发现......（查看最后 6 行）
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.130869] kvm: disabled by bios
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148816] yenta_cardbus 0000:03:01.0: ISA IRQ mask 0x0cb8, PCI irq 19
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148818] yenta_cardbus 0000:03:01.0: Socket status: 30000006
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148822] pci_bus 0000:03: Raising subordinate bus# of parent bus (#03) from #04 to #07
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148829] yenta_cardbus 0000:03:01.0: pcmcia: parent PCI bridge window: [io 0x5000-0x5fff]
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148831] yenta_cardbus 0000:03:01.0: pcmcia: parent PCI bridge window: [mem 0xf1b00000-0xf1bfffff]
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148833] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0xf1b00000-0xf1bfffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.148839] excluding 0xf1bf0000-0xf1bfffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.165823] kvm: disabled by bios
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.200889] e1000e: enp0s25 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.200997] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.201030] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.273956] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.347103] dell_wmi: Detected Dell WMI interface version 1
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.347112] dell_wmi: firmware scancode 0x200 maps to unrecognized keycode 0xffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.347162] input: Dell WMI hotkeys as /devices/platform/PNP0C14:00/wmi_bus/wmi_bus-PNP0C14:00/9DBB5994-A997-11DA-B012-B622A1EF5492/input/input12
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.522468] dell_laptop: Using i8042 filter function for receiving events
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.637051] leds dell::kbd_backlight: Setting an LED's brightness failed (-5)
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690685] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0x0c0000-0x0fffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690694] excluding 0xc0000-0xd3fff 0xe0000-0xfffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690721] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0xa0000000-0xa0ffffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690733] excluding 0xa0000000-0xa0ffffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690753] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0x60000000-0x60ffffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690765] excluding 0x60000000-0x60ffffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.697968] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 1500 to 576
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.777401] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.824780] gpio_ich: GPIO from 435 to 495 on gpio_ich
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.851799] intel_powerclamp: No package C-state available
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.884282] intel_powerclamp: No package C-state available
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 12.224405] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 576 to 1500
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 12.811149] Adding 19530748k swap on /dev/sda1. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:19530748k FS
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.137812] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.450:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=412 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174540] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174543] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174545] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174548] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
##### The next 6 lines repeat every 2 seconds, forever #####
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.108901] e1000e: enp0s25 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.109009] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.109041] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.113152] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 1500 to 576
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.193505] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios kernel: [ 15.139210] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 576 to 1500
同时系统日志显示...（参见最后 11 行）
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.522468] dell_laptop: Using i8042 filter function for receiving events
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.637051] leds dell::kbd_backlight: Setting an LED's brightness failed (-5)
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690685] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0x0c0000-0x0fffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690694] excluding 0xc0000-0xd3fff 0xe0000-0xfffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690721] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0xa0000000-0xa0ffffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690733] excluding 0xa0000000-0xa0ffffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690753] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: memory probe 0x60000000-0x60ffffff:
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.690765] excluding 0x60000000-0x60ffffff
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.697968] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 1500 to 576
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.777401] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.824780] gpio_ich: GPIO from 435 to 495 on gpio_ich
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.851799] intel_powerclamp: No package C-state available
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 11.884282] intel_powerclamp: No package C-state available
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 12.224405] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 576 to 1500
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 12.811149] Adding 19530748k swap on /dev/sda1. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:19530748k FS
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.137812] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.450:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/
usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=412 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174540] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/
sbin/dhclient" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174543] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/
usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174545] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/
usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 13.174548] audit: type=1400 audit(1520105425.487:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/
usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=410 comm="apparmor_parser"
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.108901] e1000e: enp0s25 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.109009] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.109041] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.113152] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 1500 to 576
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios kernel: [ 14.193505] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios grub-common[417]: ...done.
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios systemd[1]: Started LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
Mar 3 12:30:26 helios systemd[1]: Reached target Multi-User System.
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios accounts-daemon[428]: started daemon version 0.6.42
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd[1]: Started Accounts Service.
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd[1]: Reached target Graphical Interface.
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd[1]: Starting Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes...
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd[1]: Started Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes.
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd[1]: Startup finished in 5.210s (kernel) + 9.554s (userspace) = 14.764s.
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios set-cpufreq[416]: Setting ondemand scheduler for all CPUs
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: Lost carrier
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios kernel: [ 15.139210] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 576 to 1500
Mar 3 12:30:27 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: DHCP lease lost
##### The following 11 messages repeat every 2 seconds, forever #####
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: Gained carrier
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios kernel: [ 17.089197] e1000e: enp0s25 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios kernel: [ 17.089316] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios kernel: [ 17.089384] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: DHCPv4 address 192.168.1.102/24 via 192.168.1.1
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios kernel: [ 17.098078] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 1500 to 576
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios kernel: [ 17.183259] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s25: link becomes ready
Mar 3 12:30:29 helios systemd-timesyncd[300]: Network configuration changed, trying to establish connection.
Mar 3 12:30:30 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: Lost carrier
Mar 3 12:30:30 helios systemd-networkd[271]: enp0s25: DHCP lease lost
Mar 3 12:30:30 helios kernel: [ 18.113752] e1000e 0000:00:19.0 enp0s25: changing MTU from 576 to 1500
看起来好像是网络问题，但我刚刚从 netboot mini.iso 安装了 17.10.1，当时网络似乎没问题。我使用的是有线以太网。
如果我在启动时按下 Esc 并启动恢复模式，在出现许多消息后，我会得到一个恢复菜单。在那里我选择“恢复正常启动”，启动成功完成，我可以登录。但是它只是命令行，没有 startx 或 gdm 或其他方式（据我所知）来启动 X。
我该如何启动它？谢谢！