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Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 上的软件包“ComplexHeatmap”没有依赖项“Cairo”

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Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 上的软件包“ComplexHeatmap”没有依赖项“Cairo”

请问这个错误可能是什么原因造成的？我正在尝试安装 R 包 ComplexHeatmap，但一直收到错误消息，提示依赖项 Cairo 不可用。我尝试使用命令安装 Cairo，sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev但仍然收到相同的错误。运行命令sudo dpkg-query -l | grep libcairo2-dev还显示 Cairo 包已完全安装。

以下是我运行的命令和相应的输出：

ComplexHeatmap 的安装

> BiocManager::install("ComplexHeatmap")

compilation terminated.
make: *** [/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:168: xlib-backend.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘Cairo’
* removing ‘/root/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.1/Cairo’
ERROR: dependency ‘Cairo’ is not available for package ‘ComplexHeatmap’
* removing ‘/root/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.1/ComplexHeatmap’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/RtmpsD5M9H/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In .inet_warning(msg) :
  installation of package ‘Cairo’ had non-zero exit status
2: In .inet_warning(msg) :
  installation of package ‘ComplexHeatmap’ had non-zero exit status

安装 Cairo：

(base) power@power-SYS-7039A-I:~$ sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
libcairo2-dev is already the newest version (1.16.0-4ubuntu1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

要验证 Cairo 是否安装正确：

(base) power@power-SYS-7039A-I:~$ sudo dpkg-query -l | grep libcairo2-dev
ii  libcairo2-dev:amd64                        1.16.0-4ubuntu1                     amd64        Development files for the Cairo 2D graphics library

在此先感谢您的帮助。

答案1

您可能不想阅读编译过程中显示的消息。 Cairo 包还需要X11/内部.h从libxt-dev 包裹。

对于带有 R 4.1 的 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS，使用以下命令安装所需的构建依赖项：

sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev libxt-dev

然后重试。

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