我在启动第三方科学软件（例如 coot、pymol 或 chimera）时遇到了一些问题（请参阅下面的消息）。
我使用 coot 二进制文件 (0.9.5)。Chimera 是 1.14 build 42018。Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS Gnome。我使用 Github 的 pymol-open-source
Graphic card: VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 620 (Whiskey Lake)
Model: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8565U CPU @ 1.80GHz
看来 iris 和 swrast 存在一些问题（请参阅下面的消息）。
我总是收到关于嵌合体的这条消息：
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open iris: /usr/lib/dri/iris_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: iris
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open iris: /usr/lib/dri/iris_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: iris
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open swrast: /usr/lib/dri/swrast_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast
X Error of failed request: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation)
Major opcode of failed request: 152 (GLX)
Minor opcode of failed request: 3 (X_GLXCreateContext)
Value in failed request: 0x0
Serial number of failed request: 890
Current serial number in output stream: 891
我收到了关于 pymol 的以下消息：
Qt not available, using GLUT/Tk interface
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open iris: /usr/lib/dri/iris_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: iris
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open iris: /usr/lib/dri/iris_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: iris
libGL error: MESA-LOADER: failed to open swrast: /usr/lib/dri/swrast_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri:\$${ORIGIN}/dri:/usr/lib/dri)
libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast
freeglut Unable to create OpenGL 1.0 context (flags 0, profile 0)
X Error of failed request: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation)
Major opcode of failed request: 152 (GLX)
Minor opcode of failed request: 24 (X_GLXCreateNewContext)
Value in failed request: 0x0
Serial number of failed request: 50
Current serial number in output stream: 51
PyMOL: abrupt program termination.
谢谢您的帮助。
lsmod | grep
drm rm_kms_helper 184320 1 i915
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
drm 491520 9 drm_kms_helper,i915
$ glxinfo | grep Vendor
Vendor: Intel Open Source Technology Center (0x8086)
$ lshw -C video
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: UHD Graphics 620 (Whiskey Lake)
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
resources: irq:150 memory:9b000000-9bffffff memory:50000000-5fffffff ioport:3000(size=64)
memory:c0000-dffff
$ vainfo
libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_7
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.7 (libva 2.6.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 20.1.1 ()
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointEncPicture
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointVLD
答案1
我刚刚在 Linux Mint 上使用 Kiwix 时遇到了同样的问题，并找到了您的问题。我能够通过阅读以下内容解决我的问题：https://github.com/kiwix/kiwix-desktop/issues/393。我理解的问题是，Ubuntu 上的 iris 驱动程序配置为笔记本电脑默认使用，而在我的旧笔记本电脑上，显卡支持较旧的驱动程序。因此，解决方案/解决方法是在命令提示符中运行应用程序之前设置环境变量，如下所示：
MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=i965 ./kiwix-deskop
希望这也对你有帮助。
PS 如果您想尝试永久设置此变量并且没有其他任何中断，请参阅： 如何永久设置环境变量
答案2
答案3
当我尝试在虚拟环境 (anaconda3) 中运行 Python 应用程序时，我遇到了类似的问题。结果发现libstdc++.so虚拟环境使用的库与操作系统使用的库不同。
我首先需要找出所涉及库的完整路径：
DISPLAY=:0 LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose python test.py
这提示我libstdc++.so.6这里使用的可能与 OS 使用的不同：
libGL: MESA-LOADER: failed to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_dri.so: /home/fairfax/anaconda3/envs/py3/bin/../lib/libstdc++.so.6
: version `CXXABI_1.3.8' not found (required by /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_dri.so)
然后我检查了虚拟环境使用的库：
strings /home/fairfax/anaconda3/envs/py3/bin/../lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep CXXABI
发现CXXABI_1.3.8确实缺少该标志。我可以通过使用系统版本覆盖虚拟环境版本libstdc++.so.6并将所有符号链接重定向到新版本来解决这个问题：
$~/anaconda3/envs/py3/lib$ ls -al | grep libstdc++
lrwxrwxrwx 1 fairfax fairfax 19 lis 1 08:55 libstdc++.so -> libstdc++.so.6.0.25
lrwxrwxrwx 1 fairfax fairfax 19 lis 1 08:55 libstdc++.so.6 -> libstdc++.so.6.0.25
-rw-r--r-- 1 fairfax fairfax 1594864 říj 29 16:27 libstdc++.so.6.0.25
答案4
我通过删除导致冲突的符号链接 ~/anaconda3/lib/libstdc++.so.6 解决了该问题，因为它指向较低的版本。
备份旧文件：
mv ~/anaconda3/lib/libstdc++.so.6 ~/libstdc++.so.6
或者删除它
rm ~/anaconda3/lib/libstdc++.so.6
在此向 Fred 表示敬意：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71263856/kivy-not-working-mesa-loader-failed-to-open-iris-and-swrast