升级到 Ubuntu 23.04（从 22.10）后，我遇到了一些问题。我为我的显卡安装了专有的 AMD 驱动程序，升级后，amdgpu-dkms 包导致我出现 apt 错误：
$ sudo amdgpu-uninstall
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
gcc-11-base libasan6 libdrm-dev libelf-dev libgcc-11-dev libncurses-dev libomxil-bellagio-bin libomxil-bellagio0 libpciaccess-dev libstdc++-11-dev libtinfo-dev
libtsan0 zlib1g-dev
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
amdgpu-core* amdgpu-dkms* amdgpu-dkms-firmware* amdgpu-lib* amdgpu-lib32* comgr* gst-omx-amdgpu* hip-runtime-amd* hsa-rocr* hsa-rocr-dev* hsakmt-roct-dev*
libdrm-amdgpu-amdgpu1* libdrm-amdgpu-amdgpu1:i386* libdrm-amdgpu-common* libdrm-amdgpu-radeon1* libdrm-amdgpu-radeon1:i386* libdrm2-amdgpu* libdrm2-amdgpu:i386*
libegl1-amdgpu-mesa* libegl1-amdgpu-mesa:i386* libegl1-amdgpu-mesa-drivers* libegl1-amdgpu-mesa-drivers:i386* libgbm1-amdgpu* libgbm1-amdgpu:i386*
libgl1-amdgpu-mesa-dri* libgl1-amdgpu-mesa-dri:i386* libgl1-amdgpu-mesa-glx* libgl1-amdgpu-mesa-glx:i386* libglapi-amdgpu-mesa* libglapi-amdgpu-mesa:i386*
libllvm15.0.50403-amdgpu* libllvm15.0.50403-amdgpu:i386* libxatracker2-amdgpu* libxatracker2-amdgpu:i386* mesa-amdgpu-omx-drivers* mesa-amdgpu-va-drivers*
mesa-amdgpu-va-drivers:i386* mesa-amdgpu-vdpau-drivers* mesa-amdgpu-vdpau-drivers:i386* openmp-extras-runtime* rocm-core* rocm-hip-runtime* rocm-language-runtime*
rocm-llvm* rocm-ocl-icd* rocm-opencl* rocm-opencl-runtime* rocminfo* xserver-xorg-amdgpu-video-amdgpu*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 49 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 1,382 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'amdgpu-dkms-firmware' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
(Reading database ... 345517 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing amdgpu-dkms (1:5.18.13.50403-1538762.22.04) ...
Deleting module amdgpu-5.18.13-1538762.22.04 completely from the DKMS tree.
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-38-generic
grep: /boot/config-5.19.0-38-generic: No such file or directory
W: zstd compression (CONFIG_RD_ZSTD) not supported by kernel, using gzip
grep: /boot/config-5.19.0-38-generic: No such file or directory
E: gzip compression (CONFIG_RD_GZIP) not supported by kernel
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-38-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing package amdgpu-dkms (--remove):
installed amdgpu-dkms package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: too many errors, stopping
Errors were encountered while processing:
amdgpu-dkms
Processing was halted because there were too many errors.
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我正在尝试卸载所有专有的 AMD GPU 驱动程序，但似乎无法做到。卸载脚本抱怨缺少一些标头（grep：/boot/config-5.19.0-38-generic：没有这样的文件或目录），我认为这些标头是在升级过程中卸载的，并且在 23.04 存储库中不可用。我设法手动安装它们，但仍然看到相同的错误。
目前，我的目标是完全卸载驱动程序，但我不知道如何强制删除软件包。我可能也看错了，而且还有更好的解决方案。有人能建议什么可以帮到我吗？
当前内核：
$ uname -r
6.2.0-20-generic
Apt 缓存：
$ apt-cache policy amdgpu amdgpu-dkms
amdgpu:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 1:5.4.50403-1538762.22.04
Version table:
1:5.4.50403-1538762.22.04 600
600 https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu/5.4.3/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
amdgpu-dkms:
Installed: 1:5.18.13.50403-1538762.22.04
Candidate: 1:5.18.13.50403-1538762.22.04
Version table:
*** 1:5.18.13.50403-1538762.22.04 600
600 https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu/5.4.3/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
600 https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu/5.4.3/ubuntu jammy/main i386 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
DKMS 状态：
$ dkms status
openrazer-driver/3.5.1, 5.19.0-38-generic, x86_64: installed
openrazer-driver/3.5.1, 5.19.0-41-generic, x86_64: installed
openrazer-driver/3.5.1, 6.2.0-20-generic, x86_64: installed
答案1
一位朋友提供了一些建议，我们设法让它工作了！就我而言，这是解决办法：
sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq amdgpu-dkms
cd /var/lib/dpkg/info
sudo rm amdgpu-dkms.*
sudo apt -f install
从那里我可以运行sudo amdgpu-uninstall来卸载其余的软件包。谢谢大家！