我的 Ubuntu 18.04 系统会随机冻结几秒钟，然后重新启动。有时一两周内都没问题，有时同一天会发生两次：
===== 2019-06-27 20:58:30 -0400 Thu
===== 2019-06-28 09:31:13 -0400 Fri
===== 2019-06-29 12:39:59 -0400 Sat
===== 2019-07-02 08:45:18 -0400 Tue
===== 2019-07-07 00:11:12 -0400 Sun
===== 2019-07-10 01:18:48 -0400 Wed
===== 2019-07-10 01:23:30 -0400 Wed
===== 2019-07-18 20:42:12 -0400 Thu
===== 2019-07-22 09:23:59 -0400 Mon
===== 2019-07-22 19:47:52 -0400 Mon
===== 2019-07-22 20:50:15 -0400 Mon
===== 2019-07-23 19:30:48 -0400 Tue
===== 2019-07-24 18:48:29 -0400 Wed
===== 2019-07-25 19:52:52 -0400 Thu
今晚这件事发生的时候我甚至不在家，所以当时基本上没有什么影响。
所有软件最近都已更新（“apt update”和“apt upgrade”）。
我一直在记录重启时的温度，通常温度不会特别高。例如：
Package id 0: +65.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0: +65.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1: +64.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
temp1: +53.0°C
它有 16G 内存，因此有很多可用空间。
我最近更换了存储卡，想看看是否是这个原因造成的，但更换后没有任何效果。
/var/adm/syslog 显示很少的活动，然后突然显示重新启动。
这次，重启前不久，出现了来自“gsd-housekeepin”的错误消息，但情况并非总是如此。
此后 (19:49:23) 3 分钟内没有任何消息，然后在 (19:52:52) 重新启动：
...
Jul 25 19:20:34 ray-desktop org.gnome.Shell.desktop[1568]: #23 0x7ffc1c6d7730 b resource:///org/gnome/gjs/modules/_legacy.js:82 (0x7f72c84b5de0 @ 71)
Jul 25 19:20:34 ray-desktop org.gnome.Shell.desktop[1568]: #24 0x562f516643f0 i resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/screenShield.js:854 (0x7f72abc505e8 @ 25)
Jul 25 19:20:34 ray-desktop gnome-software[1961]: no app for changed [email protected]
Jul 25 19:20:34 ray-desktop gnome-software[1961]: no app for changed [email protected]
Jul 25 19:25:01 ray-desktop CRON[26107]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 25 19:35:01 ray-desktop CRON[26181]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 25 19:45:01 ray-desktop CRON[26247]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-rtkit-daemon.service-rOQu2D: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-rtkit-daemon.service-rOQu2D': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-colord.service-3zmTxO: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-colord.service-3zmTxO': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-fwupd.service-P4UoAn: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-fwupd.service-P4UoAn': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-bolt.service-dsge7s: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-bolt.service-dsge7s': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-ModemManager.service-1PtGCs: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-ModemManager.service-1PtGCs': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-resolved.service-vNNHBN: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-resolved.service-vNNHBN': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-timesyncd.service-ftiEu9: Error opening directory '/var/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-timesyncd.service-ftiEu9': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/.com.google.Chrome.deklZp: Error opening directory '/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.deklZp': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-bolt.service-a96unv: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-bolt.service-a96unv': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-resolved.service-qLTayY: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-resolved.service-qLTayY': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-rtkit-daemon.service-kv3biJ: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-rtkit-daemon.service-kv3biJ': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-ModemManager.service-EO4b7C: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-ModemManager.service-EO4b7C': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-timesyncd.service-awJNrk: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-systemd-timesyncd.service-awJNrk': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-fwupd.service-SoSJWr: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-fwupd.service-SoSJWr': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:49:23 ray-desktop gsd-housekeepin[1722]: Failed to enumerate children of /tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-colord.service-EcYRyY: Error opening directory '/tmp/systemd-private-cb9f998457344f9ea2b392c8a5517e35-colord.service-EcYRyY': Permission denied
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-modules-load[257]: Inserted module 'lp'
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop blkmapd[292]: open pipe file /run/rpc_pipefs/nfs/blocklayout failed: No such file or directory
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-modules-load[257]: Inserted module 'ppdev'
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-modules-load[257]: Inserted module 'parport_pc'
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-modules-load[257]: Inserted module 'coretemp'
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-sysctl[290]: Couldn't write '10' to 'sysctl vm/swappiness', ignoring: No such file or directory
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Starting Flush Journal to Persistent Storage...
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Reached target Local Encrypted Volumes.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started Flush Journal to Persistent Storage.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Activated swap /swapfile.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 7: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.3"
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 7 was not an MTP device
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 6: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.2"
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-udevd[312]: link_config: autonegotiation is unset or enabled, the speed and duplex are not writable.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 3: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-4"
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 3 was not an MTP device
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 4: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.1"
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 4 was not an MTP device
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 6 was not an MTP device
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-udevd[304]: link_config: autonegotiation is unset or enabled, the speed and duplex are not writable.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Listening on Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status...
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Reached target Sound Card.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd-udevd[309]: link_config: autonegotiation is unset or enabled, the speed and duplex are not writable.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Found device Samsung_SSD_850_EVO_500GB EFI\x20System\x20Partition.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling.
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
Jul 25 19:52:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/046A-4D3B...
...
知道是什么原因造成的吗，或者我应该做什么来调查？
编辑：
它刚刚又发生了，这次根本没有任何冻结。
我正在打字，突然出现了启动画面。
在此之前的两分钟内，系统日志没有显示任何内容：
Jul 27 22:55:01 ray-desktop CRON[6661]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 27 23:04:52 ray-desktop systemd[1]: Started Run anacron jobs.
Jul 27 23:04:52 ray-desktop anacron[6716]: Anacron 2.3 started on 2019-07-27
Jul 27 23:04:52 ray-desktop anacron[6716]: Normal exit (0 jobs run)
Jul 27 23:05:01 ray-desktop CRON[6720]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 27 23:15:01 ray-desktop CRON[6770]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 27 23:17:01 ray-desktop CRON[6784]: (root) CMD (root cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Jul 27 23:17:01 ray-desktop CRON[6785]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Jul 27 23:17:01 ray-desktop CRON[6783]: (CRON) info (No MTA installed, discarding output)
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gnome-software[1930]: no app for changed [email protected]
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gnome-software[1930]: no app for changed [email protected]
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gvfsd-metadata[1586]: g_udev_device_has_property: assertion 'G_UDEV_IS_DEVICE (device)' failed
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gvfsd-metadata[1586]: g_udev_device_has_property: assertion 'G_UDEV_IS_DEVICE (device)' failed
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gnome-shell[1518]: [AppIndicatorSupport-DEBUG] Registering StatusNotifierItem :1.81/org/ayatana/NotificationItem/software_update_available
Jul 27 23:24:57 ray-desktop gnome-shell[1518]: [AppIndicatorSupport-DEBUG] Registering StatusNotifierItem :1.81/org/ayatana/NotificationItem/livepatch
Jul 27 23:25:01 ray-desktop CRON[6846]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] microcode: microcode updated early to revision 0xb4, date = 2019-04-01
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.15.0-55-generic (buildd@lcy01-amd64-029) (gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)) #60-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 2 18:22:20 UTC 2019 (Ubuntu 4.15.0-55.60-generic 4.15.18)
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-55-generic root=UUID=a149eb1a-46b2-4403-b5e5-4cf8b2a1bbb9 ro quiet acpi_osi=!
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD
Jul 27 23:27:05 ray-desktop kernel: [ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls
答案1
我启动了没有 Linux 的系统，最后它也神秘地崩溃了。
这几乎肯定是硬件问题，与 18.04、Ubuntu 甚至 Linux 都无关。
（现在删除这个问题是否合适，或者将我自己的答案标记为最佳答案？）