我正在学习 Hadoop，并尝试按照书中定义的步骤创建无密码 SSH：Hadoop：权威指南
配置 SSH
伪分布式模式只是完全分布式模式的一个特例，其中（单个）主机是本地主机，因此我们需要确保可以通过 SSH 连接到本地主机并登录，而无需输入密码。
首先，确保已安装 SSH 并且服务器正在运行（我不确定这是什么意思）。例如，在 Ubuntu 上，这是通过以下方式实现的：
sudo apt-get install ssh然后，为了启用无密码登录，请使用空密码生成新的 SSH 密钥：
ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys您可能还需要运行ssh 添加如果您正在运行 ssh-agent.Test，则可以连接：
ssh localhost如果成功，您就不必输入密码。
一切似乎都运行正常，但它仍然要求输入密码。我提供了我的登录密码，我也使用该密码进行 Root 访问。但它根本不起作用。请提出建议。
添加更多信息。我删除了旧密钥并添加了新密钥。
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
此后我的文件权限为
-rw-rw-r-- 1 incredible incredible 403 मई 24 17:16 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 incredible incredible 1679 मई 23 23:08 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 incredible incredible 403 मई 23 23:08 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 incredible incredible 444 मई 24 17:12 known_hosts
更改 Authorized_key 的权限后
-rw------- 1 incredible incredible 403 मई 24 17:16 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 incredible incredible 1679 मई 23 23:08 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 incredible incredible 403 मई 23 23:08 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 incredible incredible 444 मई 24 17:12 known_hosts
但即使这样，当我这样做时它仍然要求我输入密码ssh localhost
ssh -v localhost添加@heemayl 询问的更多信息输出
incredible@incredible:~$ ssh -v localhost OpenSSH_6.7p1 Ubuntu-5ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to localhost [127.0.0.1] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.7p1 Ubuntu-5ubuntu1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.7p1 Ubuntu-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.7p1 Ubuntu-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr [email protected] none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr [email protected] none debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ECDSA 3c:e1:36:10:30:19:b3:e1:43:73:a5:6c:76:9e:24:67 debug1: Host 'localhost' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/incredible/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ed25519 debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: password incredible@localhost's password:
@heemayl : 以下是输出ssh -vvv localhost
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Offering RSA public key: incredible@incredible debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug3: no such identity: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory debug1: Trying private key: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ed25519 debug3: no such identity: /home/incredible/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup keyboard-interactive debug3: remaining preferred: password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug2: userauth_kbdint debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug3: userauth_kbdint: disable: no info_req_seen debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup password debug3: remaining preferred: debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password debug1: Next authentication method: password incredible@localhost's password:
答案1
该问题是由于文件的权限所致~/.ssh/authorized_keys。其权限不应该允许其他人写入该文件。
例如，如果权限设置为八进制666（这确实是魔鬼！！），由于您可以让所有其他人都拥有该文件的写权限~/.ssh/authorized_keys，因此该文件将被忽略，ssh并且会提示您输入密码。
假设该文件~/.ssh/authorized_keys事先不存在，则以下命令
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
~/.ssh/authorized_keys将使用您所指定的值确定的权限创建文件umask，然后附加文件的内容~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub。
因此，解决方案是更改文件的权限，以便只有您可以写入，例如：
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys