我很愚蠢，在尝试释放 /boot 上的空间时，我认为我意外删除了我当前的内核。
事情经过：
>>uname -i
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic
现在 uname -i 仅提供：
x86_64
我已经尝试在启动时释放更多空间： sudo apt-get autoclean sudo apt-get clean sudo apt-get autoremove
仍有 0 个可用空间。
ls -l \boot 给出：
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1271765 Dec 18 2015 abi-3.19.0-42-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1312645 Mar 11 00:11 abi-4.2.0-34-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1313029 Mar 16 00:45 abi-4.2.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1239577 Apr 18 23:21 abi-4.4.0-21-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1239612 May 13 00:55 abi-4.4.0-22-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1239732 Jun 8 22:39 abi-4.4.0-24-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1240018 Jun 24 13:03 abi-4.4.0-28-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 177800 Dec 18 2015 config-3.19.0-42-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184888 Mar 11 00:11 config-4.2.0-34-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184888 Mar 16 00:45 config-4.2.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189412 Apr 18 23:21 config-4.4.0-21-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189520 May 13 00:55 config-4.4.0-22-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189521 Jun 8 22:39 config-4.4.0-24-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189533 Jun 24 13:03 config-4.4.0-28-generic
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 1024 Jun 16 13:35 grub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12326390 Feb 28 20:40 initrd.img-3.19.0-42-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12634086 May 3 18:44 initrd.img-4.2.0-34-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12645647 May 23 23:23 initrd.img-4.2.0-35-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37145299 May 3 18:38 initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37147186 May 29 12:11 initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37147471 Jun 16 13:35 initrd.img-4.4.0-24-generic
drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Sep 21 2015 lost+found
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 182704 Jan 28 12:44 memtest86+.bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184380 Jan 28 12:44 memtest86+.elf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 184840 Jan 28 12:44 memtest86+_multiboot.bin
-rw------- 1 root root 3622861 Dec 18 2015 System.map-3.19.0-42-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3744589 Mar 11 00:11 System.map-4.2.0-34-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3745312 Mar 16 00:45 System.map-4.2.0-35-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3853719 Apr 18 23:21 System.map-4.4.0-21-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3855781 May 13 00:55 System.map-4.4.0-22-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3855383 Jun 8 22:39 System.map-4.4.0-24-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 3859655 Jun 24 13:03 System.map-4.4.0-28-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 6625664 Dec 18 2015 vmlinuz-3.19.0-42-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 6808528 Mar 11 00:11 vmlinuz-4.2.0-34-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 6829104 Mar 16 00:45 vmlinuz-4.2.0-35-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7013968 Apr 18 23:21 vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7015440 May 13 00:55 vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7020176 Jun 8 22:39 vmlinuz-4.4.0-24-generic
-rw------- 1 root root 7026864 Jun 24 13:03 vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
我尝试这样做：
sudo apt-get upgrade
但它总是卡在无记忆状态。同样：
sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-4.4.0-24-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 1 reinstalled, 2 to remove and 135 not to upgrade.
8 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/18.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 324 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 507715 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic (4.4.0-21.37) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic (4.4.0-22.40) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我不太明白为什么我的 /boot 还是满了。那里已经没有 Linux 头文件了。它们缓存在某个地方了吗？
任何帮助都将不胜感激。我这里没有 CD 驱动器或其他东西，所以希望我能相当简单地解决这个问题...
否则，可能需要重新安装。显然，我目前正在备份我的硬盘……
答案1
我手动删除了一些具有旧版本号的配置文件和 initrd 文件。
然后我跑了：
sudo apt-get -f install linux-header... NEW VERSION
有效！
那么可以确定的是：
sudo apt-get upgrade
答案2
尝试从可启动的 USB 棒或恢复 CD 启动，然后尝试查找问题或修复磁盘。如果您碰巧使用的是可启动的 USB，那么我建议您查看“磁盘”和“Gparted”导致的问题。之后发布发生了什么以及任何输出错误，以便社区能够提供帮助。