我的笔记本电脑（Asus e402s）有以下内置设备：
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC256 Analog [ALC256 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
有一（这很愚蠢，因为任何人都知道你永远不能连接两个输出端口，如果软件指定了输出端口，你可能会烧坏你的组件……）模拟端口，可以是麦克风或耳机。我想将插孔用作耳机的模拟输出。我该如何解决这个问题？目前，耳机里没有声音，但扬声器可以工作。
This is the content of /proc/asound/card0/codec#0 is the following:
Codec: Realtek ALC256
Address: 0
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 1)
Vendor Id: 0x10ec0256
Subsystem Id: 0x10431d5d
Revision Id: 0x100002
No Modem Function Group found
Default PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Default Amp-In caps: N/A
Default Amp-Out caps: N/A
State of AFG node 0x01:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold CLKSTOP EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
GPIO: io=3, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=1, wake=0
IO[0]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0
IO[1]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0
IO[2]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0
Node 0x02 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Speaker Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x57, nsteps=0x57, stepsize=0x02, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x30 0x30]
Converter: stream=5, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x03 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Headphone Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="ALC256 Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x57, nsteps=0x57, stepsize=0x02, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x11 0x11]
Converter: stream=5, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x04 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x05 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x06 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x611: Stereo Digital
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x07 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10051b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x17, nsteps=0x3f, stepsize=0x02, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x97 0x97]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 1
0x24
Node 0x08 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10051b: Stereo Amp-In
Device: name="ALC256 Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x17, nsteps=0x3f, stepsize=0x02, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x97 0x97]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 1
0x23
Node 0x09 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10051b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x17, nsteps=0x3f, stepsize=0x02, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x97 0x97]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 1
0x22
Node 0x0a [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x0b [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x0c [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x0d [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x0e [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x0f [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x10 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x11 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x12 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40040b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x40000000: [N/A] Line Out at Ext N/A
Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0x0, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x13 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40040b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x14 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Speaker Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00010014: OUT EAPD Detect
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x90170110: [Fixed] Speaker at Int N/A
Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x02
Node 0x15 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x16 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x17 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x18 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40048b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00003724: IN Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN VREF_HIZ
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x19 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40048b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00003724: IN Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN VREF_HIZ
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x1a [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40048b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00003724: IN Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x00: VREF_HIZ
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x1b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058f: Stereo Amp-In Amp-Out
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x00013734: IN OUT EAPD Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x90a70130: [Fixed] Mic at Int N/A
Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0x3, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 2
0x02* 0x03
Node 0x1c [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x1d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400400: Mono
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x40479b45: [N/A] SPDIF Out at Ext N/A
Conn = Analog, Color = Pink
DefAssociation = 0x4, Sequence = 0x5
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Node 0x1e [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400781: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000014: OUT Detect
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 1
0x06
Node 0x1f [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x20 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00040: Mono
Processing caps: benign=0, ncoeff=91
Node 0x21 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Headphone Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x0001001c: OUT HP EAPD Detect
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x04211020: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Right
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0x2, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0xc0: OUT HP
Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D3, actual=D3
Connection: 2
0x02 0x03*
Node 0x22 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 5
0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1d
Node 0x23 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 6
0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1d 0x12
Node 0x24 [Audio Selector] wcaps 0x300101: Stereo
Connection: 2
0x12* 0x13
答案1
我自己找到了解决方案。
停止后pulseaudio，我可以使用hdajackretask工具。然后我需要使用钥匙取消插孔的alsamixer静音M。
答案2
我告诉你一个秘密：一个模拟端口实际上既是麦克风又是耳机插孔，而不仅仅是“麦克风或耳机”。它能够同时实现这两种功能：参见 TRRS 与 TRS：https://www.cablechick.com.au/blog/understanding-trrs-and-audio-jacks/
假设您仍需要进行一些手动配置，才能使用与插入该插孔的耳机（耳机 + 麦克风）不同的麦克风或耳机。此外，TRRS 在设计上向后兼容简单的立体声输出插孔。