我有 Ubuntu 18.04.1 系统和 TP-LINK TL-WN821N USB 无线适配器。当我启动 PC 时 - 网络连接失败，似乎设备在启动时未正确配置。
以下是与驱动程序和设备相关的 dmesg 条目启动后，在我重新插入之前USB 中的设备：
$ dmesg | egrep 'RTL8192EU|rtl8xxxu|wlx503eaa683858|wlan0'
[ 15.136988] usb 1-1.2: RTL8192EU rev B (SMIC) 2T2R, TX queues 3, WiFi=1, BT=0, GPS=0, HI PA=0
[ 15.136989] usb 1-1.2: RTL8192EU MAC: 50:3e:aa:68:38:58
[ 15.136990] usb 1-1.2: rtl8xxxu: Loading firmware rtlwifi/rtl8192eu_nic.bin
[ 16.534107] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtl8xxxu
[ 18.184522] rtl8xxxu 1-1.2:1.0 wlx503eaa683858: renamed from wlan0
[ 31.048250] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 31.065191] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 31.152137] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 45.484503] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 45.507480] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 45.712038] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 45.919860] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 46.120026] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 47.416410] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 47.439340] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 47.640024] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 47.844024] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 48.048024] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 49.744430] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 49.767461] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 49.968039] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 50.172021] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 50.376027] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 52.560544] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 52.583199] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 52.784123] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 52.988016] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 53.192025] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 63.387828] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 63.399472] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 63.600037] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 63.804143] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 64.012020] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 70.002702] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 71.204165] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 71.215803] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 71.416021] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 71.620018] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 71.824027] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 83.024639] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 83.047235] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 83.248078] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 83.452135] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 83.656063] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 96.003194] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 97.180264] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 97.192734] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 97.396054] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 97.600066] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 97.804039] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 108.992686] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 109.015683] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 109.216071] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 109.420060] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 109.624075] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 122.004113] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 123.186001] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 123.197695] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 123.400084] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 123.604032] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 123.808081] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 134.992680] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 135.015243] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 135.216070] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 135.420078] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 135.624045] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 142.818088] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 142.859679] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 144.043660] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 144.055299] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 144.256074] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 144.460083] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 144.664066] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 145.944530] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 145.967932] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 146.168030] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 146.372075] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 146.576069] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 148.264697] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 148.287274] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 148.488061] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 148.692066] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 148.896074] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 151.088630] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 151.111758] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 151.312040] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 151.516057] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 151.720091] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 161.932074] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 161.943681] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 162.144067] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 162.348066] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 162.556058] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 169.003584] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 190.399551] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 190.411477] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 190.612072] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 2/3)
[ 190.816068] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 3/3)
[ 191.020067] wlx503eaa683858: authentication with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 timed out
[ 200.825695] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 200.879731] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 212.101573] usb 1-1.2: RTL8192EU rev B (SMIC) 2T2R, TX queues 3, WiFi=1, BT=0, GPS=0, HI PA=0
[ 212.101575] usb 1-1.2: RTL8192EU MAC: 50:3e:aa:68:38:58
[ 212.101578] usb 1-1.2: rtl8xxxu: Loading firmware rtlwifi/rtl8192eu_nic.bin
[ 213.206188] rtl8xxxu 1-1.2:1.0 wlx503eaa683858: renamed from wlan0
[ 213.235390] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 213.251391] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
[ 213.307677] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlx503eaa683858: link is not ready
重新插入后：
[ 231.250273] wlx503eaa683858: authenticate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32
[ 231.261953] wlx503eaa683858: send auth to 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 231.263437] wlx503eaa683858: authenticated
[ 231.268041] wlx503eaa683858: associate with 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (try 1/3)
[ 231.278068] wlx503eaa683858: RX AssocResp from 7c:8b:ca:c1:03:32 (capab=0x411 status=0 aid=4)
[ 231.279819] usb 1-1.2: rtl8xxxu_bss_info_changed: HT supported
[ 231.281176] wlx503eaa683858: associated
[ 231.412233] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlx503eaa683858: link becomes ready
相当奇怪的情况，我甚至不知道从哪里开始调查，因为重新插入 USB 后它立即开始工作......
答案1
这个问题是在我从 Windows 重新启动到 Ubuntu 后出现的，似乎 Windows “破坏”了设备，我需要插入/拔出它才能进行身份验证。另一个“破坏”的是 wifi 速度。在我启动 Windows 之前，它的速度约为 11mbps，现在几乎只有 8-9mbps，我很后悔启动 Windows...我在几个论坛上查了一下，但我无法为 wifi 适配器配置任何选项（切换到 wifi n 模式，或更改其电源选项）。