我最近从 16.04 升级到了 18.04。当我登录系统时，桌面上没有显示任何文件，并且“文件”图标也没有打开。当我运行命令时，time nautilus它给出了以下响应：
Failed to register: Timeout was reached
real 0m25.074s
user 0m0.042s
sys 0m0.025s
但 5 分钟后，所有窗口突然打开，桌面上的文件夹也开始显示。相同命令的响应如下：
real 0m0.060s
user 0m0.038s
sys 0m0.008s
虽然我可以使用终端访问所有文件和文件夹。此外，即使在我发出命令后它也能正常工作，nautilus -q并且不会花费太多时间。似乎问题只发生在我登录系统时。虽然 ubuntu 16.04 不是这种情况，一切都立即启动。
编辑：我删除并再次安装了 nautilus，但没有帮助。
输出free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7.6G 2.7G 1.4G 268M 3.5G 4.3G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
输出sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 60
输出ls -al ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions
ls: cannot access '/home/bhavy/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions': No such file or directory
输出ls -al /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jun 7 01:52 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jun 7 01:17 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 7 01:52 [email protected]
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 7 01:52 [email protected]
输出cat /var/log/syslog|grep nautilus
Jun 7 18:22:41 bhavy-HP whoopsie[1956]: [18:22:41] Parsing /var/crash/_usr_bin_nautilus.1000.crash.
Jun 7 18:22:41 bhavy-HP whoopsie[1956]: [18:22:41] Uploading /var/crash/_usr_bin_nautilus.1000.crash.
Jun 7 18:30:30 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:30 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: message repeated 2 times: [ can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied]
Jun 7 18:30:30 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:30 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: message repeated 44 times: [ can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied]
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP dbus-daemon[1403]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.269' (uid=1000 pid=4565 comm="/usr/bin/nautilus --gapplication-service " label="unconfined")
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:31 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: message repeated 191 times: [ can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied]
Jun 7 18:30:32 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:33 bhavy-HP nautilus[4565]: message repeated 129 times: [ can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied]
Jun 7 18:30:37 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied
Jun 7 18:30:38 bhavy-HP nautilus-deskto[4472]: message repeated 143 times: [ can't init metadata tree /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home: open: Permission denied]
还有一个系统程序错误检测窗口。当我/var/crash用 查看文件夹时ls。它给出了以下输出
_usr_bin_nautilus.1000.crash _usr_bin_nautilus.1000.upload _usr_bin_nautilus.1000.uploaded
编辑2：以下两个命令不sudo grep -i swap /etc/fstab打印sudo blkid | grep -i swap任何内容。
对于ls -al /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/输出是
drwx------ 2 bhavy bhavy 4096 Apr 1 13:47 .
drwx------ 37 bhavy bhavy 4096 Jun 7 19:32 ..
-rw------- 1 root root 90096 Apr 14 2018 home
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32768 Apr 14 2018 home-520671b4.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 1068 May 10 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C004%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 May 10 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C004%5D-ea794164.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 892 Apr 1 13:47 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C006%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Apr 1 13:50 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C006%5D-96429231.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 1904 Mar 17 14:49 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C008%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Mar 17 14:49 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C008%5D-1ef4e927.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 988 Jan 3 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C019%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jan 3 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C019%5D-295b34d0.log'
-rw------- 1 root root 23428 Apr 20 2018 root
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32768 Apr 20 2018 root-a7cd5a51.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 528 Oct 16 2019 'sftp:host=172.27.28.229,user=jatindev'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Oct 16 2019 'sftp:host=172.27.28.229,user=jatindev-50511b70.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 360 Jun 28 2018 uuid-13F2-1B57
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jun 28 2018 uuid-13F2-1B57-ef6bea9f.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 152 Dec 15 2017 uuid-15F6-1853
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Dec 15 2017 uuid-15F6-1853-dd280f53.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 168 Feb 5 2019 uuid-1CB5-2250
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Feb 5 2019 uuid-1CB5-2250-57328334.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 3652 Oct 14 2019 uuid-2E18-2B51
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Oct 14 2019 uuid-2E18-2B51-148fcb14.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 7444 Jan 1 2019 uuid-70F1-3FAB
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jan 1 2019 uuid-70F1-3FAB-80580a55.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 3036 Mar 4 2018 uuid-858A-D414
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Mar 4 2018 uuid-858A-D414-6d31293d.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 716 Aug 6 2018 uuid-CC63-C4D1
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Aug 6 2018 uuid-CC63-C4D1-86f630c5.log
编辑 3：分配交换内存并更改 gvfs-metadata 所有权后输出free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7.6G 2.1G 3.0G 221M 2.5G 5.1G
Swap: 4.0G 0B 4.0G
输出ls -al /home/bhavy/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/
total 716
drwx------ 2 bhavy bhavy 4096 Jun 7 20:12 .
drwx------ 37 bhavy bhavy 4096 Jun 7 20:12 ..
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 90096 Apr 14 2018 home
-rw-r--r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jun 7 20:12 home-520671b4.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 95220 Jun 7 20:12 home.AQPML0
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 1068 May 10 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C004%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 May 10 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C004%5D-ea794164.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 892 Apr 1 13:47 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C006%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Apr 1 13:50 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C006%5D-96429231.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 1904 Mar 17 14:49 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C008%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Mar 17 14:49 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C008%5D-1ef4e927.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 988 Jan 3 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C019%5D'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jan 3 2018 'mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C019%5D-295b34d0.log'
-rw------- 1 root root 23428 Apr 20 2018 root
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32768 Apr 20 2018 root-a7cd5a51.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 528 Oct 16 2019 'sftp:host=172.27.28.229,user=jatindev'
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Oct 16 2019 'sftp:host=172.27.28.229,user=jatindev-50511b70.log'
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 360 Jun 28 2018 uuid-13F2-1B57
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jun 28 2018 uuid-13F2-1B57-ef6bea9f.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 152 Dec 15 2017 uuid-15F6-1853
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Dec 15 2017 uuid-15F6-1853-dd280f53.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 168 Feb 5 2019 uuid-1CB5-2250
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Feb 5 2019 uuid-1CB5-2250-57328334.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 3652 Oct 14 2019 uuid-2E18-2B51
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Oct 14 2019 uuid-2E18-2B51-148fcb14.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 7444 Jan 1 2019 uuid-70F1-3FAB
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Jan 1 2019 uuid-70F1-3FAB-80580a55.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 3036 Mar 4 2018 uuid-858A-D414
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Mar 4 2018 uuid-858A-D414-6d31293d.log
-rw------- 1 bhavy bhavy 716 Aug 6 2018 uuid-CC63-C4D1
-rw-rw-r-- 1 bhavy bhavy 32768 Aug 6 2018 uuid-CC63-C4D1-86f630c5.log
答案1
交换
您没有交换，如 所示free -h。
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7.6G 2.7G 1.4G 268M 3.5G 4.3G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
我们将创建一个 4 GB 的/swapfile。
笔记：命令使用不当dd可能会导致数据丢失。我建议复制/粘贴。
sudo swapoff -a # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile # remove old /swapfile
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile # turn on swap
free -h # confirm 8G RAM and 4G swap
将此行添加到/etc/fstab：
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
然后重新启动并验证交换操作是否正确。
gvfs 元数据
您已开始nautilus使用。从终端以 root 身份启动 GUI 应用程序时，sudo您应该使用。sudo -H
sudo chown $USER:$USER /home/$USER/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home*
sudo chmod 664 /home/$USER/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home*.log
sudo rm -i /home/$USER/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root*
桌面图标
重新安装缺失的 gnome-shell 扩展：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons
去https://extensions.gnome.org/local/启用/配置桌面图标。
〜/.缓存
我们发现文件夹损坏~/.cache。重新创建了一个新文件夹，Files现在可以正常工作。